Medical Terminology Chapter 6 Flashcards

Study Notes

Cardiovascular Terminology

Cardiologist: Specialist in diagnosing and treating heart conditions.
Cardiology: Medical field focused on heart diseases.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR): Emergency procedure to restore heart and lung function.

Heart Structure and Function

Cardiovascular: Relates to the heart and blood vessels.
Mediastinum: Area between the lungs containing crucial structures like the heart and major blood vessels.
Sternum: The long, flat bone forming the center of the chest wall.

Blood Circulation and Vessels

Aorta: Main trunk of the systemic arterial system, distributing oxygen-rich blood.
Coronary Circulation: Blood vessels supplying the heart muscle; critical for heart health.

Cardiac Muscle and Layers

Myocardium: The muscular layer of the heart responsible for contraction.
Endocardium: Inner lining of the heart chambers, crucial for proper function.
Epicardium: Outer layer of the heart wall, also considered part of the pericardium.

Diagnostic Tools

Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG): A record of electrical signals in the heart, used to detect abnormalities.
Electrode: Device used for conducting electricity in medical tests related to heart activity.

Procedures and Specialties

Phlebotomist: Professional trained to draw blood from veins for testing.
Phlebotomy: The process of drawing blood, essential for diagnostic procedures.

Cardiovascular Conditions

Ischemia: Insufficient blood supply to tissue, can lead to serious complications.
Necrosis: Pathological death of cells or tissues due to severe ischemia.

Heart Valves and Chambers

Atria/Atrium: Chambers where blood enters the heart, located on both sides.
Ventricles: Lower chambers of the heart, responsible for pumping blood out.
Bicuspid Valve: Valve with two flaps (also known as the mitral valve).
Tricuspid Valve: Valve with three flaps between the right atrium and ventricle.

Electrical Activity and Heart Rhythm

Arrhythmia: Abnormal heart rhythm, which can affect heart function.
Sinoatrial (SA) Node: The heart's natural pacemaker located in the right atrium, regulating rhythm.
Sinus Rhythm: The normal heart rhythm originating from the SA node.
Dysrhythmia: A broader term for any abnormal heart rhythm.

Blood Pressure and Heart Function

Diastole: Phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscles relax and chambers fill with blood.
Diastolic: Relating to the diastole phase of the cardiac cycle.

Membranes and Protective Structures

Pericardium: Double-layered membrane surrounding the heart, providing protection and lubrication.
Pericardial: Pertaining to the pericardium.

Clinical Observations

Diaphoresis: Excessive sweating, indicating distress or a medical condition.
Murmur: An abnormal heart sound, potentially indicating valve issues.

Description

Test your knowledge of key medical terms related to cardiology with these flashcards from Chapter 6. Each card provides a definition for essential vocabulary that every aspiring healthcare professional should master. Perfect for quick review and study sessions!