Medical Terminology Chapter 4 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What does the root word 'cyt/o' mean?

cell

What does the root word 'hist/o' refer to?

tissue

What is the meaning of the root word 'kary/o'?

nucleus

What does 'nucle/o' signify?

nucleus Signup and view all the answers

What does 'anter/o' mean?

anterior, front Signup and view all the answers

What does the root word 'caud/o' represent?

tail Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'cephal/o'?

head Signup and view all the answers

What does 'dist/o' refer to?

far, farthest Signup and view all the answers

What does 'dors/o' mean?

back (of body) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'infer/o' signify?

lower, below Signup and view all the answers

What does 'later/o' mean?

side, to one side Signup and view all the answers

What does 'medi/o' signify?

middle Signup and view all the answers

What does 'poster/o' indicate?

back (of body), behind, posterior Signup and view all the answers

What does 'proxim/o' mean?

near, nearest Signup and view all the answers

What does 'ventr/o' refer to?

belly, belly side Signup and view all the answers

What does 'abdomin/o' represent?

abdomen Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cervic/o' mean?

neck; cervix uteri (neck of uterus) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'crani/o' indicate?

cranium (skull) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'gastr/o' signify?

stomach Signup and view all the answers

What does 'ili/o' represent?

ilium (lateral, flaring portion of hip bone) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'inguin/o' mean?

groin Signup and view all the answers

What does 'lumb/o' indicate?

loins (lower back) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pelv/i' signify?

pelvis Signup and view all the answers

What does 'spin/o' mean?

spine Signup and view all the answers

What does 'thorac/o' signify?

chest Signup and view all the answers

What does 'umbilic/o' mean?

umbilicus, navel Signup and view all the answers

What does the root word 'albin/o' represent?

white Signup and view all the answers

What does 'leuk/o' refer to?

white Signup and view all the answers

What does 'chlor/o' mean?

green Signup and view all the answers

What does 'chrom/o' signify?

color Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cirrh/o' signify?

yellow Signup and view all the answers

What does 'jaund/o' indicate?

yellow Signup and view all the answers

What does 'xanth/o' mean?

yellow Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cyan/o' signify?

blue Signup and view all the answers

What does 'erythr/o' represent?

red Signup and view all the answers

What does 'melan/o' indicate?

black Signup and view all the answers

What does 'poli/o' signify?

gray; gray matter (of brain or spinal cord) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'acr/o' mean?

extremity Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'eti/o'?

cause Signup and view all the answers

What does 'idi/o' represent?

unknown, peculiar Signup and view all the answers

What does 'morph/o' signify?

form, shape, structure Signup and view all the answers

What does 'path/o' mean?

disease Signup and view all the answers

What does 'radi/o' indicate?

radiation, x-ray; radius (lower arm bone on thumb side) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'somat/o' represent?

body Signup and view all the answers

What does 'son/o' mean?

sound Signup and view all the answers

What does 'tom/o' indicate?

to cut Signup and view all the answers

What does 'viscer/o' signify?

internal organs Signup and view all the answers

What does 'xer/o' mean?

dry Signup and view all the answers

What does '-genesis' refer to?

forming, producing, origin Signup and view all the answers

What does '-gnosis' signify?

knowing Signup and view all the answers

What does '-gram' mean?

record, writing Signup and view all the answers

What does '-graph' refer to?

instrument for recording Signup and view all the answers

What does '-graphy' mean?

process of recording Signup and view all the answers

What does '-logist' indicate?

specialist in the study of Signup and view all the answers

What does '-logy' refer to?

study of Signup and view all the answers

What does '-meter' signify?

instrument for measuring Signup and view all the answers

What does '-metry' mean?

act of measuring Signup and view all the answers

What does '-pathy' signify?

disease Signup and view all the answers

What does 'ab-' indicate?

from, away from Signup and view all the answers

What does 'ad-' mean?

toward Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hetero-' signify?

different Signup and view all the answers

What does 'homeo-' indicate?

same, alike Signup and view all the answers

What does 'infra-' mean?

below, under Signup and view all the answers

What does 'peri-' signify?

around Signup and view all the answers

What does 'super-' mean?

upper, above Signup and view all the answers

What does 'trans-' signify?

across, through Signup and view all the answers

What does 'ultra-' mean?

excess, beyond Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Medical Terminology: Root Words, Suffixes, and Prefixes

Root words form the basis of medical terms and represent fundamental concepts related to body structures, functions, and diseases.
Suffixes modify the meaning of root words, often indicating a specific condition, procedure, or specialty.
Prefixes specify location, number, or time and provide additional context to root words.

Key Root Words

cyt/o: Refers to "cell," the smallest structural unit of an organism.
hist/o: Denotes "tissue," a group of cells working together for a common purpose.
kary/o and nucle/o: Both signify "nucleus," the central part of a cell containing genetic material.
anter/o: Indicates "anterior" or "front."
caud/o: Represents "tail," often used in anatomical direction.
cephal/o: Refers to "head," used in various medical conditions and procedures.

Anatomical Direction Terms

dist/o: Means "far" or "farthest," used to describe the position of structures relative to the trunk.
dors/o: Refers to the "back" of the body.
infer/o: Signifies "lower" or "below."
later/o: Denotes "side" or a position closer to the side of the body.
medi/o: Represents "middle," indicating central positioning.
poster/o: Pertains to the "back" or "behind" aspect of the body.
proxim/o: Means "near" or "nearest" to a point of reference.
ventr/o: Refers to the "belly" or anterior surface of the body.

Specific Body Regions

abdomin/o: Refers to the "abdomen."
cervic/o: Denotes "neck" or the "cervix" of the uterus.
crani/o: Indicates the "cranium" or skull.
gastr/o: Represents the "stomach."
ili/o: Refers to the "ilium," part of the hip bone.
lumb/o: Means "loins," associated with lower back.
pelv/i and pelv/o: Both denote "pelvis."
spin/o: Refers to the "spine."
thorac/o: Indicates the "chest."
umbilic/o: Refers to the "umbilicus" or navel.

Color Terms

albin/o and leuk/o: Both signify "white."
chlor/o: Means "green."
chrom/o: Denotes "color."
cirrh/o, jaund/o, and xanth/o: All refer to "yellow."
cyan/o: Represents "blue."
erythr/o: Refers to "red."
melan/o: Denotes "black."
poli/o: Means "gray," especially in reference to gray matter in the nervous system.

Other Essential Terms

acr/o: Refers to "extremity," such as arms and legs.
eti/o: Signifies "cause," often used in diagnosis.
idi/o: Pertains to something "unknown" or "peculiar."
morph/o: Indicates "form," "shape," or "structure."
path/o: Represents "disease."
radi/o: Refers to "radiation" or "x-ray."
somat/o: Means "body."
son/o: Indicates "sound," used in ultrasound.
tom/o: Refers to "to cut," used in surgical procedures.
viscer/o: Denotes "internal organs."
xer/o: Means "dry."

Suffixes and Their Meanings

-genesis: Refers to "forming," "producing," or "origin."
-gnosis: Indicates "knowing" or awareness of conditions.
-gram: Denotes a "record" or written document of data.
-graph: Means "instrument for recording" information.
-graphy: Refers to the "process of recording."
-logist: Indicates a "specialist in the study of" a particular field.
-logy: Means the "study of."
-meter: Refers to an "instrument for measuring."
-metry: Indicates the "act of measuring."
-pathy: Refers to "disease."

Prefixes and Their Meanings

ab-: Means "from" or "away from."
ad-: Indicates movement "toward."
hetero-: Refers to something "different."
homeo-: Means "same" or "alike."
infra-: Denotes "below" or "under."
peri-: Means "around."
super-: Refers to "upper" or "above."
trans-: Indicates "across" or "through."
ultra-: Means "excess" or "beyond."

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Dive into Chapter 4 of Medical Terminology with flashcards that cover essential root words, suffixes, and prefixes. Enhance your understanding of medical vocabulary by familiarizing yourself with key terms related to cells, tissues, and anatomical directions. Perfect for students and healthcare professionals alike.