Medical Terminology Chapter 16 - The Skin Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is the term for a fat cell?

  • Albino
  • Collagen
  • Adipocyte (correct)
  • Apocrine sweat gland

    • What does the term 'albino' refer to?

    A person with skin deficient in pigment (melanin)

    What is an apocrine sweat gland?

    One of the large dermal exocrine glands located in the axilla and genital areas, responsible for body odor.

    What is the basal layer?

    <p>Deepest region of the epidermis; it gives rise to all the epidermal cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does collagen play in the skin?

    <p>It is a structural protein found in the skin and connective tissue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cuticle?

    <p>Band of epidermis at the base and sides of the nail plate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What layer of the skin is the dermis?

    <p>Middle layer of the skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an eccrine sweat gland?

    <p>Most numerous sweat-producing exocrine gland in the skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the epidermis?

    <p>Outermost layer of the skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the epithelium?

    <p>Layer of skin cells forming the inner and outer surfaces of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a hair follicle?

    <p>Sac within which each hair grows.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the integumentary system consist of?

    <p>The skin and its accessory structures such as hair and nails.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is keratin?

    <p>Hard protein material found in the epidermis, hair, and nails.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a lunula?

    <p>The half-moon-shaped, whitish area at the base of a nail.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is melanin?

    <p>Major skin pigment formed by melanocytes in the epidermis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is paronychium?

    <p>Soft tissue surrounding the nail border.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a pore?

    <p>Tiny opening on the surface of the skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a sebaceous gland?

    <p>Oil-secreting gland in the dermis associated with hair follicles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is sebum?

    <p>Oil substance secreted by sebaceous glands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are squamous epithelium cells?

    <p>Flat, scale-like cells composing the epidermis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean if tissue is stratified?

    <p>Arranged in layers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a stratum?

    <p>A layer (of cells).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the stratum corneum?

    <p>Outermost layer of the epidermis, consisting of flattened, keratinized cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the subcutaneous layer?

    <p>Innermost layer of the skin, containing fat tissue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'adip/o' refer to?

    <p>Fat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'albin/o' signify?

    <p>White.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'caus/o' mean?

    <p>Burn, burning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'cauter/o' refer to?

    <p>Heat, burn.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'cutane/o' mean?

    <p>Skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do 'derm/o' and 'dermat/o' indicate?

    <p>Skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'diaphor/o' signify?

    <p>Profuse sweating.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'erythem/o' or 'erythemat/o' refer to?

    <p>Redness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'hidr/o' mean?

    <p>Sweat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'ichthy/o' indicate?

    <p>Dry, scaly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'kerat/o' refer to?

    <p>Hard.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'leuk/o' signify?

    <p>White.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'lip/o' mean?

    <p>Fat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'melan/o' refer to?

    <p>Black.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'myc/o' indicate?

    <p>Fungus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'onych/o' refer to?

    <p>Nail.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'phyt/o' mean?

    <p>Plant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'pil/o' refer to?

    <p>Hair.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'py/o' indicate?

    <p>Pus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'rhytid/o' signify?

    <p>Wrinkle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'seb/o' mean?

    <p>Sebum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'squam/o' refer to?

    <p>Scale-like.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'steat/o' indicate?

    <p>Fat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'trich/o' refer to?

    <p>Hair.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'ungu/o' mean?

    <p>Nail.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'xanth/o' signify?

    <p>Yellow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'xer/o' mean?

    <p>Dry.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a lesion?

    <p>An area of abnormal tissue anywhere on or in the body, may be caused by disease or trauma.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crust in dermatology?

    <p>Collection of dried serum and cellular debris.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a cyst?

    <p>Thick-walled, closed sac or pouch containing fluid or semisolid material.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does erosion refer to in dermatology?

    <p>Wearing away or loss of epidermis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a fissure?

    <p>Groove or crack-like sore.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a macule?

    <p>Flat lesion measuring less than 1 cm in diameter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a nodule?

    <p>Solid, round or oval elevated lesion 1 cm or more in diameter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a papule?

    <p>Small, raised lesion on the skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Medical Terminology - The Skin

    • Adipocyte: Refers to a fat cell, crucial for storing energy and insulating the body.
    • Albino: Describes a person with a deficiency of melanin, leading to lack of pigment in skin and hair.
    • Apocrine Sweat Gland: Large sweat glands situated in the axillary and genital regions, associated with body odor due to sweat interacting with bacteria.
    • Basal Layer: The deepest part of the epidermis responsible for generating all epidermal cells.
    • Collagen: A vital structural protein found in skin and connective tissues, providing strength and elasticity.
    • Cuticle: The protective band of epidermis located at the base and sides of the nail plate.
    • Dermis: The middle layer of skin that supports the epidermis and contains blood vessels, nerves, and glands.
    • Eccrine Sweat Gland: The most abundant type of sweat gland, primarily involved in regulating body temperature through perspiration.
    • Epidermis: The outermost layer of the skin providing a barrier against environmental hazards.
    • Epithelium: A layer of skin cells that forms the body's inner and outer surfaces, crucial for protection and sensation.
    • Hair Follicle: The sac or structure from which hair grows, extending from the dermis to the epidermis.
    • Integumentary System: The comprehensive system that includes the skin and its appendages, such as hair and nails, playing a significant role in protection and regulation.
    • Keratin: A hard protein that makes up the structure of the epidermis, hair, and nails, providing durability.
    • Lunula: The crescent-shaped white area at the base of the nail, indicating nail growth.
    • Melanin: The primary skin pigment produced by melanocytes, essential for skin color and UV protection.
    • Paronychium: The soft tissue surrounding the nails, important for nail health.
    • Pore: Tiny openings on the skin surface through which sweat and oil can be secreted.
    • Sebaceous Gland: Oil-producing glands in the dermis associated with hair follicles, important for skin lubrication.
    • Sebum: Oily substance secreted by sebaceous glands that helps hydrate and protect the skin.
    • Squamous Epithelium: Composed of flat, scale-like cells which are the primary constituents of the epidermis.
    • Stratified: A term denoting layers, significant in the arrangement of skin cells.
    • Stratum: Indicates a distinct layer of cells within the skin structure.
    • Stratum Corneum: The outermost protective layer of the epidermis made up of dead, flattened keratinized cells.
    • Subcutaneous Layer: The innermost layer of skin, rich in fat tissue providing insulation and cushioning.
    • Adip/o: A root term denoting fat.
    • Albin/o: A root term referring to the color white, often used in terms relating to pigmentation.
    • Caus/o: A root term meaning burning or burns.
    • Cauter/o: Indicates the use of heat or burning in medical procedures.
    • Cutane/o: A root term that specifically signifies skin.
    • Derm/o, Dermat/o: Root terms referring to skin, essential in dermatological terminology.
    • Diaphor/o: Describes excessive sweating, often as a symptom or condition.
    • Erythem/o, Erythemat/o: Terms relating to redness, often observed in various skin conditions.
    • Hidr/o: A root term denoting sweat, relevant in discussions about glandular function and sweat disorders.
    • Ichthy/o: A term referring to dry, scaly skin, important in dermatology.
    • Kerat/o: Indicates hardness, frequently used in discussions about skin and nails.
    • Leuk/o: A root term meaning white, often associated with conditions affecting pigmentation.
    • Lip/o: A root term denoting fat.
    • Melan/o: A term related to black pigmentation, relevant in skin color discussions.
    • Myc/o: A root term for fungus, important in infections and skin diseases.
    • Onych/o: A term related to nails, significant in studies of nail disorders.
    • Phyt/o: Denotes plant matter, sometimes referenced in dermatitis or allergic reactions.
    • Pil/o: A term referring specifically to hair.
    • Py/o: A root term meaning pus, often linked to infections.
    • Rhytid/o: A term associated with wrinkles, important in dermatological studies of aging.
    • Seb/o: Relates to sebum.
    • Squam/o: Describes scale-like structures, relevant in histology.
    • Steat/o: A root term denoting fat.
    • Trich/o: A term related to hair.
    • Ungu/o: Pertains to nails.
    • Xanth/o: A term meaning yellow, often used in conditions like jaundice.
    • Xer/o: Refers to dryness, common in various skin conditions.
    • Lesion: An area of abnormal tissue which may arise due to disease or injury, commonly assessed in dermatology.
    • Crust: Composed of dried serum and cellular debris, can occur in many skin conditions.
    • Cyst: A thick-walled, closed sac that may contain fluid or semi-solid material, common in dermatological assessments.
    • Erosion: Refers to the wearing away or loss of epidermis, often resulting from injury or inflammation.
    • Fissure: A groove or crack-like sore in the skin, indicative of severe dryness or pathological processes.
    • Macule: A flat skin lesion measuring less than 1 cm, important for identifying certain skin conditions.
    • Nodule: A solid, elevated lesion measuring 1 cm or more, significant in physical examinations.
    • Papule: A small, raised skin lesion whose nature is often assessed during skin examinations.

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    Explore essential vocabulary related to the skin with these flashcards from Medical Terminology Chapter 16. Each term is defined to help reinforce your understanding of skin anatomy and physiology. Perfect for students aiming to master medical terminology.

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