Medical Terminology Chapter 1 Quiz

Questions and Answers

What term means pain in a joint or joints?

arthralgia

What term means above or outside the ribs?

supracostal

An infection is the invasion of the body by a disease-producing organism.

True

What is a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the skin called?

dermatologist Signup and view all the answers

Arterionecrosis is the abnormal softening of the walls of an artery or arteries.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for inflammation of the stomach and small intestine?

gastroenteritis Signup and view all the answers

A fever is considered to be a sign or symptom.

False Signup and view all the answers

A ____________ diagnosis is also known as a rule out.

differential Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'fistula' refer to?

An abnormal passage between two internal organs or leading from an organ to the surface of the body. Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of recording a radiographic study of the blood vessels called?

angiography Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the abnormal hardening of the walls of an artery or arteries?

arteriosclerosis Signup and view all the answers

A laceration is a pathologic change of the tissues due to disease or injury.

False Signup and view all the answers

What does appendectomy refer to?

The surgical removal of the appendix. Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the formation of pus?

suppuration Signup and view all the answers

What is the term meaning wound or injury?

trauma Signup and view all the answers

What is called lower-than-normal blood pressure?

hypotension Signup and view all the answers

A colostomy is the surgical creation of an artificial opening between the colon and the body surface.

True Signup and view all the answers

An erythrocyte is commonly known as a red blood cell.

True Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'viral' refer to?

Means pertaining to a virus. Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to inflammation of the stomach?

gastritis Signup and view all the answers

'-algia' means ____.

pain, suffering Signup and view all the answers

'-ologist' refers to a _____.

specialist Signup and view all the answers

'rhin/o' stands for _____.

nose Signup and view all the answers

'nat/o' refers to _____.

birth Signup and view all the answers

'neur/o' refers to _____.

nerve Signup and view all the answers

'cardi/o' stands for _____.

heart Signup and view all the answers

'arthr/o' means _____.

joint Signup and view all the answers

'arteri/o' refers to _____.

artery Signup and view all the answers

'dys-' indicates _____.

bad, difficult, painful Signup and view all the answers

'-ectomy' means _____.

surgical removal Signup and view all the answers

'-megaly' signifies _____.

enlargement Signup and view all the answers

'hyper-' denotes _____.

excessive, increased Signup and view all the answers

'hypo-' refers to _____.

deficient, decreased Signup and view all the answers

'-itis' means _____.

inflammation Signup and view all the answers

'-malacia' signifies _____.

abnormal softening Signup and view all the answers

'-necrosis' means _____.

tissue death Signup and view all the answers

'-osis' indicates _____.

abnormal condition or disease Signup and view all the answers

'-ostomy' means _____.

surgical creation of an artificial opening to the body surface Signup and view all the answers

'-otomy' refers to _____.

surgical incision Signup and view all the answers

'-plasty' means _____.

surgical repair Signup and view all the answers

'-rrhage' signifies _____.

bleeding, abnormal excessive fluid discharge Signup and view all the answers

'-rrhaphy' means _____.

surgical suturing Signup and view all the answers

'-rrhea' indicates _____.

flow or discharge Signup and view all the answers

'-rrhexis' means _____.

rupture Signup and view all the answers

'-sclerosis' signifies _____.

abnormal hardening Signup and view all the answers

'-scopy' means _____.

visual examination Signup and view all the answers

'-stenosis' refers to _____.

abnormal narrowing Signup and view all the answers

What does myelopathy refer to?

Any pathologic change or disease in the spinal cord. Signup and view all the answers

What does hypertension refer to?

Higher-than-normal blood pressure. Signup and view all the answers

Pertaining to birth is described by which term?

natal Signup and view all the answers

Pain is classified as a sign or symptom.

False Signup and view all the answers

What does '-pathy' mean?

disease Signup and view all the answers

What does 'acute' refer to?

Rapid onset. Signup and view all the answers

What does edema mean?

Swelling caused by an abnormal accumulation of fluid. Signup and view all the answers

What does leukocyte mean?

White blood cell. Signup and view all the answers

What does prognosis refer to?

Prediction of the probable course and outcome of a disorder. Signup and view all the answers

What does supination mean?

Turning the palm of the hand upward. Signup and view all the answers

What does laceration refer to?

Torn or jagged wound, or an accidental cut wound. Signup and view all the answers

What does lesion mean?

Pathologic tissue change due to disease or injury. Signup and view all the answers

What does palpitation refer to?

Pounding or racing heart. Signup and view all the answers

What does palpation mean?

Examination procedure in which the examiner's hands are used to feel body parts. Signup and view all the answers

What does exudate refer to?

Fluid, such as pus, that leaks out of an infected wound. Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a disease named for the person who discovered it?

eponym Signup and view all the answers

What is inflammation?

A localized response to injury or tissue destruction. Signup and view all the answers

What does fissure refer to?

A groove or crack-like sore of the skin. Signup and view all the answers

What does neurorrhaphy refer to?

Suturing together the ends of a severed nerve. Signup and view all the answers

What is tonsillitis?

Inflammation of the tonsils. Signup and view all the answers

What does syndrome mean?

A set of signs and symptoms. Signup and view all the answers

What does gastralgia refer to?

Stomach pain. Signup and view all the answers

What does tendinitis mean?

Inflammation of a tendon. Signup and view all the answers

What does pyoderma refer to?

Any acute, inflammatory, pus-forming bacterial skin infection. Signup and view all the answers

What does myorrhexis mean?

Rupture of a muscle. Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the study of the ears, nose, and throat?

otorhinolaryngology Signup and view all the answers

What does mycosis refer to?

Any abnormal condition or disease caused by fungus. Signup and view all the answers

What is poliomyelitis?

A viral infection of the gray matter of the spinal cord. Signup and view all the answers

What does neonatology focus on?

The study of the disorders of the newborn. Signup and view all the answers

What does endarterial refer to?

Pertaining to the interior or lining of an artery. Signup and view all the answers

What does intramuscular mean?

Administration of medication directly within the muscle. Signup and view all the answers

What does abdominocentesis mean?

To remove excess fluid from the abdomen. Signup and view all the answers

The term laser is a/an ________.

acronym Signup and view all the answers

The medical term for fractured fingers is fractured ________.

phalanges Signup and view all the answers

The screening of patients to determine their relative priority of need is known as ________.

triage Signup and view all the answers

A differential ________ is needed to identify the cause of signs and symptoms.

diagnosis Signup and view all the answers

Pathology is concerned with the study of ________.

disease Signup and view all the answers

John Randolph's cancer went into ________.

remission Signup and view all the answers

Mr. Jankowski describes heartburn as ______.

pyrosis Signup and view all the answers

Phyllis developed _______ after eating contaminated food.

diarrhea Signup and view all the answers

The term ________ describes the surgical repair of a nerve.

neuroplasty Signup and view all the answers

The term ________ means loss of a large amount of blood in a short time.

hemorrhage Signup and view all the answers

The term ________ means tissue death of an artery or arteries.

arterionecrosis Signup and view all the answers

The term ________ means between, but not within, the part of a tissue.

interstitial Signup and view all the answers

The term ________ means enlargement of the liver.

hepatomegaly Signup and view all the answers

A medical specialist concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of heart disease is a/an ________.

cardiologist Signup and view all the answers

What does rhinorrhea mean?

The term meaning a runny nose. Signup and view all the answers

What does arthritis refer to?

The term meaning the inflammation of a joint or joints. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Medical Terminology Overview

Arthralgia: Pain in a joint or joints.
Supracostal: Pertaining to being above or outside the ribs.
Infection Definition: Invasion of the body by a disease-producing organism.
Dermatologist: Physician specialized in skin disorder diagnosis and treatment.
Arterionecrosis: Tissue death of an artery or arteries.

Clinical Concepts

Gastroenteritis: Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine.
Signs vs Symptoms: A fever is considered a sign; pain is a symptom.
Differential Diagnosis: The ruling out of conditions to establish a diagnosis.
Fistula: An abnormal passage between two internal organs or from an organ to the surface.
Angiography: Radiographic study of blood vessels after contrast injection.

Surgical and Pathological Terms

Arteriosclerosis: Abnormal hardening of arterial walls.
Appendectomy: Surgical removal of the appendix.
Suppuration: Formation of pus.
Hypotension: Lower-than-normal blood pressure.
Colostomy: Surgical creation of an opening between the colon and body surface.

Common Medical Prefixes and Suffixes

-algia: Indicates pain or suffering.
-ologist: Refers to a specialist in a field.
-ectomy: Denotes surgical removal.
-itis: Signifies inflammation.
-osis: Indicates an abnormal condition.
-megaly: Means enlargement.

Disorders and Conditions

Edema: Swelling due to abnormal fluid accumulation.
Leukocyte: White blood cell, important in fighting infection.
Myelopathy: Pathological change in the spinal cord.
Tendinitis: Inflammation of a tendon.
Pyoderma: Pus-forming bacterial skin infection.

Diagnostic and Treatment Terms

Palpation: Examination technique using the sense of touch.
Prognosis: Prediction regarding the course and outcome of a disorder.
Neuroplasty: Surgical repair of a nerve.
Hemorrhage: Loss of a significant amount of blood in a short time.
Remission: Reduction or disappearance of symptoms, not equivalent to cure.

Other Important Medical Terms

Otorhinolaryngology: Study of the ears, nose, and throat.
Mycosis: Disease caused by a fungus.
Neonatology: Study of newborn disorders.
Hepatomegaly: Enlargement of the liver.
Arthritis: Inflammation of a joint or joints.

Emotional and Physical Responses

Malaise: Often the first symptom of inflammation, indicating discomfort or uneasiness.
Diarrhea: Frequent loose or watery stools often caused by infection.

Specialized Knowledge Areas

Pathology: Study of disease aspects.
Triage: Screening of patients to determine treatment priority.
Eponym: A disease named after its discoverer.
Interstitial: Referring to spaces between but not within tissues.

Examining Techniques

Hypo- and Hyper-: Prefixes meaning deficient or excessive, respectively.
-rrhage: Refers to bleeding or excessive fluid discharge.

Unique Conditions

Myorrhexis: Rupture of a muscle.
Fissure: A crack-like sore in the skin.
Rhinorrhea: Medical term for a runny nose.

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Description

Test your knowledge with this exciting quiz on medical terminology covering key terms from Chapter 1. From understanding joint pain to the roles of medical specialists, this quiz will challenge your comprehension of essential health vocabulary.