Medical Terminology Ch. 18 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What does the term 'aden/o' refer to?

gland

What is the definition of 'adrenal/o'?

adrenal gland

What does 'gonad/o' signify?

sex glands (ovaries and testes)

What is the definition of 'pancreat/o'?

pancreas Signup and view all the answers

What does 'parathyroid/o' refer to?

parathyroid gland Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'pituitar/o'?

pituitary gland; hypophysis Signup and view all the answers

What does 'thyr/o, thyroid/o' mean?

thyroid gland Signup and view all the answers

What does 'andr/o' signify?

male Signup and view all the answers

What does 'calc/o, calci/o' refer to?

calcium Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cortic/o' mean?

cortex, outer region Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of 'crin/o'?

secrete Signup and view all the answers

What does 'dips/o' mean?

thirst Signup and view all the answers

What does 'estr/o' signify?

female Signup and view all the answers

What does 'gluc/o' represent?

sugar Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'glyc/o'?

sugar Signup and view all the answers

What does 'home/o' refer to?

sameness Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of 'hormon/o'?

hormone Signup and view all the answers

What does 'kal/i' signify?

potassium Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'lact/o'?

milk Signup and view all the answers

What does 'myx/o' refer to?

mucus Signup and view all the answers

What does 'natr/o' signify?

sodium Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of '-edema'?

under the skin Signup and view all the answers

What does 'phys/o' mean?

growing Signup and view all the answers

What does 'somat/o' refer to?

body Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'ster/o'?

solid structure Signup and view all the answers

What does 'toc/o' signify?

childbirth Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of 'toxic/o'?

poison Signup and view all the answers

What does 'ur/o' mean?

urine Signup and view all the answers

What does '-agon' signify?

assemble, gather together Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of '-emia'?

blood condition Signup and view all the answers

What does '-in, -ine' refer to?

substance Signup and view all the answers

What does '-tropin' mean?

stimulating the function of (to turn or act on) Signup and view all the answers

What does '-uria' signify?

urine condition Signup and view all the answers

What does 'eu-' mean?

good, normal Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'hyper-'?

excessive; above Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hypo-' signify?

deficient, below; under; less than normal Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of 'oxy-'?

rapid, sharp, acid Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pan-' mean?

all Signup and view all the answers

What does 'poly-' signify?

many or increased Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'tetra-'?

four Signup and view all the answers

What does 'tri-' refer to?

three Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

aden/o: Refers to glands in the body.
adrenal/o: Pertains to the adrenal gland, which produces hormones that regulate metabolism and stress responses.
gonad/o: Relates to sex glands, specifically ovaries in females and testes in males.
pancreat/o: Denotes the pancreas, involved in digestion and blood sugar regulation.
parathyroid/o: Refers to the parathyroid glands, which regulate calcium levels in the blood.
pituitar/o: Indicates the pituitary gland (hypophysis), often called the "master gland" influencing other endocrine glands.
thyr/o, thyroid/o: Associated with the thyroid gland, which regulates metabolism and growth.

Hormone and Substance Terms

andr/o: Relates to male characteristics or male hormones such as testosterone.
calc/o, calci/o: Represents calcium, essential for bone health and various bodily functions.
cortic/o: Refers to the cortex or outer region of an organ, often associated with the adrenal glands.
crin/o: Means to secrete, particularly in the context of hormones.
dips/o: Signifies thirst, related to hydration and fluid balance.
estr/o: Denotes female characteristics or female hormones such as estrogen.
gluc/o, glyc/o: Both terms represent sugar, a vital energy source for the body.

Conditions and Processes

home/o: Refers to sameness or balance within the body, often relating to homeostasis.
hormon/o: Pertains to hormones, which are signaling molecules that regulate physiological processes.
kal/i: Represents potassium, an essential mineral involved in numerous bodily functions including nerve signaling.
lact/o: Refers to milk, which has significance in nutrition and lactation.
myx/o: Indicates mucus, which plays roles in protection and lubrication within the body.
natr/o: Pertains to sodium, crucial for fluid balance and nerve function.
-edema: Refers to swelling under the skin due to fluid accumulation.

Growth and Structure Terms

phys/o: Means growing, associated with development and physiological processes.
somat/o: Refers to the body, often used in relation to physical aspects of health.
ster/o: Indicates solid structures, which can relate to various anatomical features.
toc/o: Pertains to childbirth, often used in obstetrics.
toxic/o: Refers to poison, highlighting substances that can be harmful or toxic to the body.

Blood and Urine Conditions

ur/o: Relates to urine, pertinent to waste elimination and metabolic function.
-agon: Means to assemble or gather together, often relating to molecular interactions.
-emia: Refers to a blood condition, indicating the presence of a particular substance or imbalance.
-in, -ine: Denotes substances, commonly used in naming hormones or compounds.
-tropin: Indicates stimulating the function of organs or glands, often hormones that act on target tissues.
-uria: Relates to urine conditions, indicating specific abnormalities or substances present.

Prefixes Indicating Quantity or Condition

eu-: Indicates good or normal, referring to healthy or optimal states.
hyper-: Denotes excessive or above-normal levels, often used to describe conditions like hypertension.
hypo-: Indicates deficiency or below-normal levels, which can relate to various medical conditions.
oxy-: Refers to rapid, sharp, or acidic, often in context with respiration or nutrient metabolism.
pan-: Means all, signifying inclusiveness in conditions or diagnoses.
poly-: Indicates many or increased, commonly used in context with conditions like polyuria (excessive urination).
tetra-: Refers to four, used in various scientific contexts including genetic and chemical terminology.
tri-: Denotes three, also used in various scientific and medical classifications.

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Test your knowledge of key terms related to glands in Medical Terminology Chapter 18. These flashcards cover essential vocabulary including various glands and their functions. Perfect for students looking to enhance their understanding of medical anatomy and terminology.