Questions and Answers
What is the study of bodies, masses, and forces at rest or in constant motion without acceleration?
Which term describes the study of bodies and forces when they are in motion?
What is the term for the motion of bones relative to the three cardinal planes?
Osteokinematics
What is the name for the motion that occurs between the articular surfaces of the joints?
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What is the generally agreed-upon reference position of the body?
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What is the name of the plane that divides the body into front and back halves?
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What is the name of the plane that divides the body into right and left halves?
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What is the name of the plane that divides the body into upper and lower portions?
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What term describes the movement of an object in a straight line?
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What is the term for movement of an object around a fixed axis in a curved path?
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What is the term for the force that pushes or pulls one object directly against another?
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What is the term for a force that pulls one object directly away from another?
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What is the term for motion away from the midline?
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What term describes motion toward the midline?
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What is the term for the rotation of one or both bones around an axis that brings the ventral surfaces closer together?
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What is the term for the rotation of one or both bones around an axis that moves the ventral surfaces apart?
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What is the term for movement at a joint that rotates the limb inwards?
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What is the term for the rotation of a limb around its long axis away from the midline?
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What term describes the act of assuming the prone position, especially for the forearm?
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What is the term for the act of assuming the supine position, especially for the hand?
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What is the term for the movement of the wrist toward the thumb side of the forearm?
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What is the term for the movement of the wrist toward the 5th metacarpal side of the forearm?
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What is the term for the turning of the foot or toes upward?
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What is the term for a toe-down motion of the foot at the ankle?
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What term refers to being nearer to a point of reference like midline?
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What term describes an anatomical location far from a point of reference?
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What term indicates a position situated toward the medial plane of the body?
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What term describes a position farther from the median plane of the body?
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What term describes a position more toward the back surface of the body?
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What term refers to the flexor surface of the forearm, wrist, or hand?
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What term indicates a position situated above or directed upward?
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What term indicates a position situated below or directed downward?
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What term describes a position situated or directed at the front?
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What term describes a position situated or directed at the back?
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Study Notes
Biomechanical Principles
- Statically Considered: Focuses on forces acting on bodies at rest or in constant motion without acceleration.
- Dynamically Considered: Involves forces and torques that cause linear or angular acceleration in moving bodies.
Motion Terminology
- Osteokinematics: Refers to the movement of bones in relation to the three cardinal planes of motion.
- Arthrokinematics: Describes joint movements including roll, spin, and slide between articular surfaces.
Body Positioning
- Anatomical Position: Standard reference position; upright, facing forward, arms at sides, forearms supinated, fingers extended.
Planes of Motion
- Frontal/Coronal Plane: Divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) sections.
- Sagittal Plane: Separates the body into left and right halves running from anterior to posterior.
- Transverse Plane: A horizontal division of the body into upper and lower halves.
Types of Motion
- Translatory Motion: All parts of a body move in the same direction and parallel to one another.
- Rotary Motion: Movement of an object along a fixed axis following a curved path.
Force Types
- Compression: Force pushing two objects together perpendicularly to their contact surface.
- Distraction: Force pulling two objects apart perpendicularly to their contact surface.
Joint Movements
- Abduction: Movement away from the midline of the body.
- Adduction: Movement toward the midline of the body.
- Flexion: Inward rotation of a joint causing surfaces to approximate.
- Extension: Outward rotation of a joint causing surfaces to move away.
Rotational Movements
- Internal/Medial Rotation: Inward rotation of a limb or part towards the midline.
- External/Lateral Rotation: Outward rotation of a limb or part away from the midline.
Forearm and Hand Positions
- Pronation: Forearm rotation with palm facing downward or backward.
- Supination: Forearm rotation with palm facing upward or forward.
Wrist Movements
- Radial Deviation: Wrist movement toward the thumb side.
- Ulnar Deviation: Wrist movement toward the little finger side.
Foot Movements
- Dorsiflexion: Turning the foot or toes upward.
- Plantar Flexion: Downward motion of the foot at the ankle.
Anatomical References
- Proximal: Closer to a reference point, origin, or midline.
- Distal: Farther from a reference point, origin, or midline.
- Medial: Position closer to the median plane.
- Lateral: Position farther from the median plane.
- Dorsal: Position towards the back surface.
- Volar: Position pertaining to the sole or palm.
- Superior: Positioned above or directed upward.
- Inferior: Positioned below or directed downward.
- Anterior: Positioned at the front.
- Posterior: Positioned at the back.
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Description
This quiz focuses on key medical terms related to kinesiology, primarily within biomechanics. It covers concepts such as statics and dynamics, essential for understanding forces in motion and at rest. Enhance your knowledge and terminology in the field of kinesiology through these flashcards.
