Medical Technology and Ethics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What did Hippocrates use to diagnose diseases?

  • Urine tasting and physical examination (correct)
  • Psychological assessment and surveys
  • Observation of blood flow
  • X-ray imaging and laboratory tests

    • Which body fluid was NOT considered one of the four humors according to ancient beliefs?

  • Black bile
  • Phlegm
  • Saliva (correct)
  • Yellow bile

    • What was the primary focus of Galen's medical assessments?

  • Direct observation of patients only
  • Psychological evaluations of patients
  • Measurement of body fluids (correct)
  • Patient’s dietary habits

    • What was a consequence for physicians who failed to examine urine during medieval Europe?

    <p>They were subjected to public beatings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant contribution to urinalysis was made around 900 AD?

    <p>The first book detailing urine characteristics was written</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which among the following is specifically excluded from the scope of practice for a medical technologist?

    <p>Histopathologic techniques by a registered medical laboratory technician</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a necessary requirement for a medical technologist to practice their profession?

    <p>Obtaining a professional license</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following professions might also be involved in activities typically performed by medical technologists?

    <p>Sanitary engineers and microbiologists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What fundamental principle does the code of ethics for medical technology emphasize?

    <p>Acceptance of professional responsibilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who initially wrote the original version of the medical technology code of ethics?

    <p>Dr. Nardito Moraleta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following does NOT describe a responsibility of a medical technologist?

    <p>Conducting surgical procedures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be ensured when preparing reagents and standards in a laboratory?

    <p>They are for exclusive use in that specific laboratory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which task is outside the typical scope of practice for a medical technologist?

    <p>Engaging in illegal activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who introduced the first human stem cell line?

    <p>James Thomson</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Joseph Lister demonstrate about surgical infections?

    <p>They are caused by airborne organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist is associated with the development of the poliomyelitis vaccine?

    <p>Jonas Salk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist is known for enunciating the law of inherited characteristics through studies on plants?

    <p>Gregor Mendel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant contribution did Robert Koch make in 1877?

    <p>Presented pictures of bacilli and identified anthrax.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which principle is emphasized as being highly dependent on various scientific disciplines in medical technology?

    <p>Diagnosis of diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist introduced steam sterilization in surgery?

    <p>Ernst von Bergmann</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did Elie Metchnikoff describe in his studies?

    <p>Phagocytes in fighting infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is recognized as the founder of medical technology education in the Philippines?

    <p>Mrs. Willa Hilgert-Hedrick</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant development occurred at Manila Sanitarium and Hospital?

    <p>Opened the first school of medical technology in the Philippines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of degree did Philippine Union College first offer in Medical Technology?

    <p>Five-year Bachelor Degree</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which early pioneer contributed to the establishment of the first complete laboratory in the Philippines?

    <p>Mrs. Antoinette Mc Kelvey</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which institution is recognized for offering the first Doctorate Degree in Medical Technology?

    <p>University of Santo Tomas (UST)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major contribution did Edward Jenner make to medical science?

    <p>Discovered vaccination for smallpox</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of Marie Francois Xavier Bichat's contributions to medical science?

    <p>Identified organs by their types of tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following inventions is Karl Landsteiner known for?

    <p>Discovery of blood groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total number of laboratory hours for the first three years of the program?

    <p>1728 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a general education course listed?

    <p>Clinical Bacteriology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the number of lecture hours per week for a 5-unit subject?

    <p>3 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which professional course focuses on the study of blood and its components?

    <p>Immunohematology and BB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many units does a student complete in their first year?

    <p>50 units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the responsibility of the Professional Regulatory Board (PRB)?

    <p>Prepare and administer licensure examinations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the program goals, which article mentions the curriculum?

    <p>Article V</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of course structure, what does 1 unit of laboratory work equate to in hours?

    <p>54 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary responsibility of a medical technology professional regarding their conduct?

    <p>To follow the law and uphold professional ethics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a medical technologist do before accepting employment from multiple employers?

    <p>Ensure there is no conflict of interest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should medical technologists treat information acquired about individuals during their work?

    <p>Keep it confidential unless authorized to disclose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does engaging in a spirit of fairness entail for medical technology professionals?

    <p>Acting fairly towards all stakeholders involved</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what manner should a medical technologist conduct a review of the work of other professionals?

    <p>Review it without bias and in confidence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is expected from medical technologists when they identify infraction of professional conduct?

    <p>Report it to appropriate authorities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a desirable approach for medical technology professionals regarding competition?

    <p>Engage in open and honest competition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should criticisms and opinions be expressed by medical technologists?

    <p>Within constructive limits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    History of Medical Technology Profession

    • Disease was believed to be caused by negative interaction between the environment and the body

    Hippocrates

    • Father of medicine
    • Author of Hippocratic Oath

    Galen

    • Greek physician and philosopher
    • Initiated a rudimentary and qualitative assessment of disorders through body fluid measurement
    • Body fluids (also called the four humors):
      • Blood
      • Phlegm
      • Yellow bile
      • Black bile
    • Urine analysis was advocated for diagnosis
      • Appearance of bubbles, blood, and pus indicated kidney or chronic illnesses
      • Relationship between fluid intake and urine volume (more water = more urine, less water = less urine) was observed

    Medieval Europe

    • Diagnosis by water casting (uroscopy) was common.
    • Patients submitted urine in decorative flasks for examination.
    • Physicians who failed urine analysis were punished publicly

    900 AD

    • First book detailing characteristics of urine (color, density, quality) was written

    Early 11th Century

    • Medical practitioners were not allowed to conduct physical examinations of patients
    • Relied on patient symptom description

    18th Century

    • Mechanical techniques and cadaver dissection were used for more objective diagnosis.

    19th Century

    • Physicians started using machines for diagnosis
    • John Hutchinson's spirometer: Measures vital capacity of lungs
    • Jules Herisson's sphygmomanometer: Measures blood pressure
    • Chemical analysis (chemistry) of urine and body fluids became very useful in diagnosis.
    • Transition from general practice to specialization

    1969

    • Increase in patients and medical knowledge led to an increase in the need for specialty care
    • Complex machinery/equipment use in medical practice required technical expertise, resulting in cooperative arrangements
    • Medical service became organized in hospitals
    • Large amount of data required for diagnosis and treatment

    Mid-1800s

    • Laboratories designed for analyzing medical specimens were organized by chemical experts

    Mid-1900s

    • Technical laboratories regulated by the CDC were used for medical diagnostics (in the US)

    20th Century

    • Advancements in basic sciences and integration of scientific/technological discoveries led to advancements in medical technology.
    • Medical technology made an impact on surgical procedures.
    • Use of electron microscopes for visualization of small cells, including tumor cells.
    • Development of tomography and magnetic resonance imaging

    History of Medical Technology in the United States

    • Establishment of the first clinical laboratories and laboratory practice marked growth.
    • 1895: University of Pennsylvania opened William Pepper Laboratory of Clinical Medicine

    1918

    • John Kolmer called for methods to certify medical technologists nationally
    • Published "The Demand for and Training of Laboratory Technicians"

    1920

    • State legislature of Pennsylvania enacted a law requiring all hospitals and institutions to have a fully equipped laboratory and staff a laboratory technician

    1922

    • American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP) was founded (for fostering cooperation between physicians, clinical pathologists and maintaining standards for clinical pathologists)

    1950s

    • Medical technologists in the US sought professional recognition through licensure laws

    History of Medical Technology Profession in the Philippines

    • Dominicans founded the University of Santo Tomas (UST) in 1611

    • First faculties of pharmacy and medicine were established in 1871

    • 1886: Boletin de Medesina de Manila

    • 1893: Revista Farmaceutica de Filipinas

    • 1895: Cronicas de Ciencas Medicas

    1876-1883

    • Central board of vaccination started producing vaccines
    • Medical officers were appointed for healthcare
    • Board of Health and charity was established (later expanded)

    1886

    • Laboratorio Municipal de Manila was established

    1898

    • Spanish military hospital converted to first reserve hospital in the Philippines

    1901

    • Bureau of Government (Government) Laboratories established

    1915

    • Bureau of Health reorganized into Philippine Science (1933: reverted to Bureau of Health; 1947: DOH)
    • UP-College of Public Health offered certificate in public health program (1927)

    World War II

    • Medical laboratory unit of US Army provided medical services during World War II
    • 26th medical laboratory established in the Philippines.

    1944-1950s

    • High school graduate training as laboratory technicians began (1944)
    • National Department of Health took over clinical lab in 1945, but became nonfunctional
    • Manila Public Health Laboratory was established (1945)
    • 6-month laboratory training program (1954)
    • First school of medical technology in Philippines (Manila Sanitarium and Hospital, 1950s)
    • First Medical Technology degree (1955)

    Pioneering Medical Technologists

    • The listed individuals made substantial contributions in their specific fields (e.g. microbiology, immunology, etc.).

    1980s/1990s

    • Nuclear Medicine: Nuclear Medical Technologists are health care professionals that work alongside nuclear physicians, applying physics knowledge to limit radiation exposure, and utilizing instruments for measurement.

    General Information

    • Ethics in Medical Technology includes: Definition, Competence, Informed Consent, Privacy, Confidentiality, Beneficence and Nonmaleficence, Integrity, Fidelity and Responsibility, Health Ethics, Ethical Issues in Health Care (e.g. patient privacy, disease transmission).

    Defining the Practice of Other Personnel in Medical Technology

    • Pathologists
    • Medical Laboratory Technicians
    • Phlebotomists
    • Cytotechnologists
    • Histotechnologists

    Medical Terminologies

    • Defining the main parts of medical terms (roots, prefixes, suffixes)
    • Examples for various terminologies
    • Providing examples of singular and plural forms.

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    History Of Medical Technology Profession PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge of medical technology, ethics, and the history of urinalysis. This quiz covers key concepts such as the four humors, the role of medical technologists, and important historical contributions. Challenge yourself and see how well you understand the foundations of medical science.

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