Medical-Surgical Nursing 2nd Year 1st Semester Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a method of regulating the body's fluid composition and volume?

  • Plasma donation (correct)
  • Osmosis
  • Active transport
  • Filtration

What is the process by which solutes move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration?

  • Diffusion (correct)
  • Active transport
  • Osmosis
  • Filtration

Which condition is characterized by an abnormally low level of sodium in the blood?

  • Hypokalemia
  • Hyponatremia (correct)
  • Hypernatremia
  • Hyperkalemia

What is the primary organ responsible for regulating the body's fluid composition and volume?

<p>Kidneys (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which respiratory disorder is characterized by inflammation of the air sacs in one or both lungs, often caused by bacterial infection?

<p>Pneumonia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition characterized by an abnormal increase in potassium levels in the blood?

<p>Hyperkalemia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fluid compartment consists of the fluid within the blood vessels?

<p>Extracellular fluid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the smallest division of the extracellular fluid compartment?

<p>Cerebrospinal fluids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor affects fluid and electrolyte balance due to its impact on metabolic needs and functional losses?

<p>Physical factors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process involves the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration?

<p>Diffusion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the movement of fluid through a cell or blood vessel membrane due to hydrostatic pressure difference?

<p>Filtration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of water in maintaining body temperature regulation?

<p>Through evaporation and perspiration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which body component contains less water than muscle tissue?

<p>Adipose tissue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Fluid Regulation Method (not)

Plasma donation is not a method of regulating body fluid composition and volume.

Diffusion Explanation

The movement of solutes from high to low concentration.

Hyponatremia Definition

Low sodium levels in the blood.

Fluid Regulation Primary Organ

The kidneys are the primary organ for regulating fluid balance.

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Pneumonia Description

Inflammation of lung air sacs, often due to infection.

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Hyperkalemia Explanation

High potassium levels in the blood.

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Extracellular Fluid Location

Fluid outside the cells, within blood vessels.

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Smallest Extracellular Fluid Part

Cerebrospinal fluid - a type of extracellular fluid.

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Fluid/Electrolyte Balance Factor

Physical factors affect fluid and electrolyte balance due to metabolic needs and functional losses.

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Definition of the process of diffusion

The process where molecules move from a high concentration to a low concentration

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Filtration process

Movement of fluid through membranes due to pressure differences.

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Water's role in body temperature

Water regulates temperature via evaporation (perspiration).

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Adipose tissue vs. muscle water content

Adipose tissue contains less water than muscle tissue.

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