Medical Problems: Parasites and Anesthesia

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What is a common indication for HIV prophylaxis in the maxillofacial area?

Post-surgical extraction of impacted third molars
Trauma to the oral cavity
Lesions caused by larvae migration
Exposure to bodily fluids during dental procedures (correct)

Which type of fungal infection is commonly found in the oral cavity?

Candidosis (correct)
Aspergillosis
Histoplasmosis
Larval infections

What is the primary goal of wound management in the maxillofacial area?

Removing larvae from the wound site
Infection prevention (correct)
Tissue regeneration
Pain control

Mucocutaneous disorders can affect which of the following areas?

Skin and oral mucosa (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of antibiotics in preventing infections in the maxillofacial area?

Inhibiting bacterial cell wall formation (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common complication of wound infections in the maxillofacial area?

Larval migration (C) Signup and view all the answers

For HIV-positive patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART), what is the primary consideration for dental treatment?

Monitoring their immunologically stable condition with undetectable viral load and T-cell (CD4) count over 200/mL (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary concern for healthcare workers regarding needlestick injuries?

Exposure to HIV through accidental blood exposure (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common situation where needlestick injuries occur?

During surgery, especially wound closure (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a safer analgesic option for HIV-positive patients?

Codeine and Paracetamol (Acetaminophen) (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a concern for HIV-positive patients with Neutropenia and/or CD4 T-lymphocyte count below 200/mL?

Requirement for antibiotic cover before surgery or after maxillofacial injuries (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common issue that can be exacerbated by Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as Aspirin or Indomethacin in HIV-positive patients?

Bleeding (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of exposing the patient's blood to a hypotonic solution during hemodialysis?

To allow the diffusion and osmosis of solutes and fluid from the body (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why should a hematologist be consulted before dental treatment?

To assess the risk of bleeding (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended timing for dental treatment in relation to dialysis?

The day after dialysis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What may be effective in providing hemostasis for up to 4 hours in patients with prolonged bleeding?

Desmopressin (DDAVP) (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a complication of infections in patients with CKD, especially if immunosuppressed?

Septicemia (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a side effect of Erythromycin in patients with CKD?

Reversible hearing loss (C) Signup and view all the answers