Medical Problems: Parasites and Anesthesia
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Questions and Answers

What is a common indication for HIV prophylaxis in the maxillofacial area?

  • Post-surgical extraction of impacted third molars
  • Trauma to the oral cavity
  • Lesions caused by larvae migration
  • Exposure to bodily fluids during dental procedures (correct)

    • Which type of fungal infection is commonly found in the oral cavity?

  • Candidosis (correct)
  • Aspergillosis
  • Histoplasmosis
  • Larval infections

    • What is the primary goal of wound management in the maxillofacial area?

  • Removing larvae from the wound site
  • Infection prevention (correct)
  • Tissue regeneration
  • Pain control

    • Mucocutaneous disorders can affect which of the following areas?

    <p>Skin and oral mucosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of antibiotics in preventing infections in the maxillofacial area?

    <p>Inhibiting bacterial cell wall formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common complication of wound infections in the maxillofacial area?

    <p>Larval migration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For HIV-positive patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART), what is the primary consideration for dental treatment?

    <p>Monitoring their immunologically stable condition with undetectable viral load and T-cell (CD4) count over 200/mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary concern for healthcare workers regarding needlestick injuries?

    <p>Exposure to HIV through accidental blood exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common situation where needlestick injuries occur?

    <p>During surgery, especially wound closure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a safer analgesic option for HIV-positive patients?

    <p>Codeine and Paracetamol (Acetaminophen)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a concern for HIV-positive patients with Neutropenia and/or CD4 T-lymphocyte count below 200/mL?

    <p>Requirement for antibiotic cover before surgery or after maxillofacial injuries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common issue that can be exacerbated by Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as Aspirin or Indomethacin in HIV-positive patients?

    <p>Bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of exposing the patient's blood to a hypotonic solution during hemodialysis?

    <p>To allow the diffusion and osmosis of solutes and fluid from the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should a hematologist be consulted before dental treatment?

    <p>To assess the risk of bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended timing for dental treatment in relation to dialysis?

    <p>The day after dialysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may be effective in providing hemostasis for up to 4 hours in patients with prolonged bleeding?

    <p>Desmopressin (DDAVP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a complication of infections in patients with CKD, especially if immunosuppressed?

    <p>Septicemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a side effect of Erythromycin in patients with CKD?

    <p>Reversible hearing loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

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