Medical Physics: LASER Basic Principle

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Questions and Answers

What is the electrical signal transmitted across the cell membrane?

Neural pulse (correct)

Electromagnetic wave

Sound wave

Heat wave

What is the electrical signal generated when?

The cell is not functioning

The cell membrane potential changes due to signals (correct)

The cell membrane is damaged

The cell is dead

Where does the electrical signal originate from?

The cell membrane

The mitochondria

A neighboring cell (correct)

The nucleus of the cell

What is the term used to describe the electrical signal?

Action potential Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the electrical signal when it reaches the cell membrane?

It is transmitted Signup and view all the answers

What are the basic units responsible for receiving, processing, and transmitting information in the brain and nervous system?

Nerve cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of nerve cells in the nervous system?

To carry electrical signals to transmit information Signup and view all the answers

What is the electrical charge that travels along the membrane of a neuron called?

Action potential Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of sensory inputs in the nervous system?

To receive information from the external world Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which nerve cells convert sensory inputs into electrical signals?

Transduction Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible effect of electric shock on the muscles?

Muscle fatigue or spasms Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a severe side effect of electrical shock?

Vision loss Signup and view all the answers

What can electrical shock cause in the brain?

Brain damage Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible outcome of electrical shock?

Death Signup and view all the answers

What can electrical shock affect?

The respiratory and cardiac systems Signup and view all the answers

What can happen to the body along the path of the electrical current?

Severe burns Signup and view all the answers

What does the acronym LASER stand for?

Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic principle behind lasing action?

Stimulated transition of an electron to a lower energy level Signup and view all the answers

Which particles are atoms primarily composed of?

Electrons, protons, and neutrons Signup and view all the answers

What happens during stimulated emission in lasers?

An electron transitions to a lower energy level, emitting a photon Signup and view all the answers

What initiates the lasing action in a laser?

The presence of a photon with specific properties Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is NOT true about lasers?

Lasers can emit light in a wide range of wave frequencies Signup and view all the answers

How many positive charges does Sodium have?

1 Signup and view all the answers

Which of these elements has a negative charge?

Chloride Signup and view all the answers

How many positive charges does Calcium have?

2 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a part of the central nervous system?

Nerves Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the nervous system?

To control and coordinate bodily functions Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Laser

LASER is an acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
The basic principle of lasing action is the stimulated transition of an electron in a high energy level to a lower one, emitting a photon with the same properties as the incident photon that initiated the transition

Atomic Structure

Atoms are made up of electrons, protons, and neutrons
Protons have a positive charge, and neutrons have no charge
Electrons can move from a high energy level to a lower one, emitting a photon in the process

Nervous System

The nervous system can be divided into two parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS)
The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord neurons
The CNS receives and processes sensory information from the environment and sends motor signals to muscles and glands
The PNS transmits information between the CNS and the rest of the body

Action Potential

An action potential, also called a nerve impulse, is an electrical charge that travels along the membrane of a neuron
It is generated when the electrical properties of the neuron's membrane change
Action potentials can be triggered by signals from neighboring neurons or sensory receptors

Electrical Signals

Electrical signals can be generated by the eye and other sensory organs
Electrical shock can cause a range of effects, from mild to severe, including:
- Headache
- Muscle fatigue or spasms
- Temporary unconsciousness
- Temporary breathing difficulty
More severe and potentially fatal side effects of electrical shock include:
- Severe burns
- Vision loss
- Hearing loss
- Brain damage
- Respiratory arrest or failure
- Cardiac arrest (heart attack)
- Death

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Description

This quiz covers the basic principle of lasing action, including stimulated transition of an electron and emission of a photon. Learn about LASER technology and its applications in medical physics.