Medical Parasitology 2022-2023 Lecture 1: Parasites Classification
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Questions and Answers

What is the term used to describe a host that serves as a temporary refuge and vehicle for reaching an obligatory host, usually the definitive host?

  • Second intermediate host
  • Reservoir host
  • First intermediate host
  • Paratenic host (correct)

    • Which of the following is the correct definition of a reservoir host?

  • A host that is metabolically dependent upon the parasite and cannot live without it.
  • A host that is under normal circumstances not infected with the parasite.
  • A host that is naturally infected with certain species of parasite.
  • A host that makes the parasite available for the transmission to another host and is usually not affected by the infection. (correct)

    • Which of the following is an example of a commensalistic relationship?

  • The relationship between a parasite and its host, where the parasite causes harm to the host.
  • The relationship between flagellated protozoa living in the gut of termites.
  • The relationship between most of the normal floras of the humans' body and the human host. (correct)
  • The relationship between a mutualistic symbiont and its host, where both organisms depend on each other.

    • Which of the following is the correct definition of an accidental host?

    <p>A host that is under normal circumstances not infected with the parasite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a mutualistic relationship?

    <p>The relationship between flagellated protozoa living in the gut of termites.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct definition of a natural host?

    <p>A host that is naturally infected with certain species of parasite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes an obligate parasite?

    <p>A parasite that is completely dependent on a host during its life cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an accidental parasite?

    <p>A parasite that infects an unnatural host and survives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct definition of an erratic parasite?

    <p>A parasite that wanders into an organ where it is not usually found</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of a facultative parasite?

    <p>It exhibits both parasitic and non-parasitic modes of living</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best defines a definitive host?

    <p>A host that harbors a parasite in its adult stage or where the parasite undergoes sexual reproduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of an intermediate host?

    <p>To harbor the larval stages of the parasite or an asexual cycle of development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the primary host for Schistosoma haematobium?

    <p>Humans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the infective stage of Schistosoma haematobium?

    <p>Cercariae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diagnostic stage for Schistosoma haematobium infection?

    <p>Eggs in urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of Schistosoma mansoni infection?

    <p>Cercarial dermatitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a pathogenic stage of Schistosoma infection?

    <p>Cercariae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of fungi?

    <p>Composed of filaments called hyphae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common symptom of Plasmodium vivax infection in humans?

    <p>Fever at 48-h intervals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which species of malaria parasite causes malignant tertian malaria?

    <p>Plasmodium falciparum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do sporozoites migrate after being transmitted into the human bloodstream by an Anopheles mosquito?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage in the liver is a quiescent stage that exists only in P. vivax and P. ovale infections?

    <p>Hypnozoites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of male and female gametocytes in the malaria parasite lifecycle?

    <p>Transform into sporozoites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final step in the cycle of transmission of malaria by an Anopheles mosquito?

    <p>Biting another host</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mode of transmission for Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm) infection?

    <p>Ingestion of contaminated raw vegetables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a potential symptom or complication associated with pinworm infection?

    <p>Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diagnostic stage for Enterobius vermicularis infection?

    <p>Detection of eggs in stool samples</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a potential complication of toxoplasmosis infection during pregnancy?

    <p>Jaundice in the newborn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about toxoplasmosis is correct?

    <p>It can cause myocarditis (inflammation of the heart muscle)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary route of transmission for pinworm infection mentioned in the text?

    <p>Fecal-oral route</p> Signup and view all the answers

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