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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the ultrasound gel in ultrasound procedures?
What is the primary function of the ultrasound gel in ultrasound procedures?
- To monitor fetal heart rate
- To convert energy into ultrasonic vibrations
- To replace air between the transducer and the patient's skin (correct)
- To measure the intensity of contractions
What is the purpose of the fetal monitoring belts?
What is the purpose of the fetal monitoring belts?
- To record the contractions and fetal heart rate
- To hold the transducers in place on the mother's abdomen (correct)
- To measure the fetal heart rate
- To determine the intensity of contractions
What is the method of measuring uterine contractions in pregnant women?
What is the method of measuring uterine contractions in pregnant women?
- Internal monitoring
- Ultrasound
- Tocotransducer
- External measurement using sensors (correct)
How is the intensity of contractions determined during palpation of the fundus?
How is the intensity of contractions determined during palpation of the fundus?
What is the purpose of the CTG monitor?
What is the purpose of the CTG monitor?
Who is credited with the development of electronic fetal heart rate monitoring?
Who is credited with the development of electronic fetal heart rate monitoring?
What is the device used to convert energy into ultrasonic vibrations?
What is the device used to convert energy into ultrasonic vibrations?
What is the primary purpose of cardiotocography (CTG)?
What is the primary purpose of cardiotocography (CTG)?
What does the cardiotocograph machine display?
What does the cardiotocograph machine display?
Who is a British obstetrician and gynecologist who made significant contributions to the field of cardiotocography?
Who is a British obstetrician and gynecologist who made significant contributions to the field of cardiotocography?
What is the name of the device used to measure contraction frequency and duration?
What is the name of the device used to measure contraction frequency and duration?
What is the term for the combination of cardio and toco?
What is the term for the combination of cardio and toco?
Who is an American physician who was noted for his early use of penicillin and the development of the fetal heart monitor?
Who is an American physician who was noted for his early use of penicillin and the development of the fetal heart monitor?
What is the name of the German gynecologist and professor of medicine who invented various medical devices?
What is the name of the German gynecologist and professor of medicine who invented various medical devices?
What is the significance of an absence of accelerations with an otherwise normal CTG in labour?
What is the significance of an absence of accelerations with an otherwise normal CTG in labour?
What is the characteristic of early deceleration?
What is the characteristic of early deceleration?
What is the significance of a CTG tracing with one non-reassuring feature and the other three reassuring features?
What is the significance of a CTG tracing with one non-reassuring feature and the other three reassuring features?
What is the cause of late deceleration?
What is the cause of late deceleration?
What is the characteristic of variable deceleration?
What is the characteristic of variable deceleration?
What is the definition of deceleration?
What is the definition of deceleration?
What is a characteristic of a normal CTG trace?
What is a characteristic of a normal CTG trace?
What is the significance of atypical variable decelerations?
What is the significance of atypical variable decelerations?
What is the primary purpose of a CTG machine?
What is the primary purpose of a CTG machine?
During labor, what does the CTG machine help monitor?
During labor, what does the CTG machine help monitor?
What is an advantage of using a CTG machine during labor?
What is an advantage of using a CTG machine during labor?
When is a CTG machine indicated if there are health concerns for the mother?
When is a CTG machine indicated if there are health concerns for the mother?
What is an indication for a CTG machine if there are health concerns for the baby?
What is an indication for a CTG machine if there are health concerns for the baby?
Why may a CTG machine be used if the woman is waiting for her labor to start with ruptured membranes?
Why may a CTG machine be used if the woman is waiting for her labor to start with ruptured membranes?
Why may a CTG machine be used if the labor is being induced or augmented with an oxytocin drip or prostaglandins?
Why may a CTG machine be used if the labor is being induced or augmented with an oxytocin drip or prostaglandins?
Why may a CTG machine be used if the woman is having an epidural for pain relief in labor?
Why may a CTG machine be used if the woman is having an epidural for pain relief in labor?
What was the primary focus of the nurse in the given scenario?
What was the primary focus of the nurse in the given scenario?
What was the nurse's instruction to the patient regarding when to call the nurse?
What was the nurse's instruction to the patient regarding when to call the nurse?
What was the nurse's role in the patient's care?
What was the nurse's role in the patient's care?
What was the nurse's action at the end of the shift?
What was the nurse's action at the end of the shift?
What was the patient's primary complaint?
What was the patient's primary complaint?
What did the nurse monitor according to the scenario?
What did the nurse monitor according to the scenario?
What is the term for the monitoring of fetal heart rate and uterine contractions?
What is the term for the monitoring of fetal heart rate and uterine contractions?
What is the purpose of cardiotocography?
What is the purpose of cardiotocography?
Study Notes
Cardiotocography (CTG)
- Cardiotocography is a medical technique used to monitor fetal heartbeat and uterine contractions during pregnancy.
- It involves the use of a specialized machine, known as a cardiotocograph or electronic fetal monitor (EFM).
- The machine records the fetal heartbeat and uterine contractions to provide valuable information about the health and well-being of the fetus.
Purpose of CTG
- To assess the well-being of the fetus by monitoring its heart rate and uterine contractions.
- To monitor labor progress during labor.
- To detect potential complications early on, allowing for prompt intervention and improving maternal and fetal outcomes.
Indications and Requirements for CTG Machine
- If there are health concerns for the mother during pregnancy (e.g., bleeding, high blood pressure, premature labor, diabetes, cholestasis).
- If there are health concerns for the baby (e.g., small for dates, abnormality of the baby, pregnancy is overdue).
- As a routine procedure during labor.
- If the waters break and the labor has not started.
- If the labor is being induced or augmented with oxytocin drip or prostaglandins.
- If the baby is showing signs of distress.
- If the woman is having an epidural for pain relief in labor.
Materials Needed for CTG
- Electronic fetal monitoring transducer
- Ultrasound transducer
- Tocotransducer
- Ultrasound gel (coupling medium)
- Fetal monitoring belts
Methods of CTG
- External measurement: taping or strapping the two sensors to the abdominal wall with the heart ultrasonic sensor overlying the fetal heart and the contraction sensor measuring the tension of the maternal abdominal wall.
Types of Decelerations
- Early deceleration: begins at the start of uterine contraction and ends with the conclusion of contraction; due to increased vagal tone due to fetal head compression.
- Variable deceleration: occurs at any time, irrespective of uterine contractions; due to umbilical cord compression.
- Late deceleration: begins at or after the peak of a contraction and ends long after it; due to fetal hypoxia (uteroplacental insufficiency).
Overall Assessment of CTG
- Normal trace: tracings with all four features (baseline rate 110-160 bpm, normal variability, absence of decelerations, and accelerations).
- Suspicious trace: tracing with one non-reassuring feature and the other three are reassuring.
- Abnormal feature: atypical variable decelerations, late deceleration, or single prolonged deceleration greater than 3 minutes.
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Description
This quiz is about nursing care for patient with CTG machine
