Medical Imaging and Physiology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which type of decay involves the emission of high-energy photons?

  • Beta decay
  • Neutron decay
  • Gamma decay (Correct) (correct)
  • Alpha decay

    • In which part of the nervous system does signal compression not occur?

  • Motor Neurons
  • Peripheral Nervous System
  • CNS (Correct) (correct)
  • Sensory Neurons

    • What does signal adaptation refer to?

  • The receptor adjusting to a continuous stimulus by reducing sensitivity (Correct) (correct)
  • Conversion of a signal from one form to another
  • The decay of a signal over distance
  • The process of amplifying a weak signal

    • Where are alpha particles primarily used?

    <p>Therapeutics (Correct)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the leg abductor muscle?

    <p>Stabilize the body during rotation in the hip joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule is an example of a radioactive isotope?

    <p>Technetium-99m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Na/K ATPase pump primarily do?

    <p>Maintain cellular hydration by pumping sodium out and potassium into the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an electrocardiogram (EKG) primarily contain information about?

    <p>The electrical activity of the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes turbulence in blood flow?

    <p>Higher pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are stereocilia in the inner ear primarily involved in?

    <p>Balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does MRI stand for?

    <p>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of facilitated diffusion?

    <p>To transport molecules across membranes without requiring energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does gamma radiation alter as it passes through the body?

    <p>Nuclei of cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an ammeter measure?

    <p>Electrical current flowing through a circuit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of radioactivity?

    <p>Nuclear instability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a tracer in Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging?

    <p>To track specific molecules or substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principle underlying X-ray imaging?

    <p>Ionizing radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does MRI stand for?

    <p>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which medical application is the Doppler effect primarily used?

    <p>Measuring blood flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of resistance?

    <p>Ohm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Doppler effect in medicine?

    <p>Measuring blood flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes most to the resting membrane potential?

    <p>Potassium channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an ammeter measure?

    <p>Current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of beta particles in medicine?

    <p>Diagnostic imaging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which radiation is the hardest to absorb?

    <p>Gamma rays</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the retina?

    <p>Detecting light and initiating visual signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical threshold of hearing?

    <p>2-3 kHz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do myelinated fibers primarily contribute to?

    <p>Fast conduction of information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily affects the lateral resolution in ultrasound?

    <p>Width of the ultrasound beam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily affects the apparent blood viscosity?

    <p>Diameter of blood vessels, plasma viscosity, and haematocrit value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Poiseuille’s law primarily describe?

    <p>$Q = \frac{\text{Change in pressure} \times \text{pi} \times r^4},{8 \times \text{viscosity} \times \text{length}}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are stereocilia in the inner ear primarily involved in?

    <p>Balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What property affects the resolution of CT scans compared to MRI?

    <p>Better resolution than MRI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does contraction of ciliary muscles primarily affect?

    <p>Shape of the lens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of radioimmunoassay (RIA)?

    <p>Measuring presence and concentration of specific substances in a sample</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What unit is used for exposure dose?

    <p>Sievert</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does voltage-gated Na+ channels primarily respond to?

    <p>Membrane depolarization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • Mb-99 molibden is an example of a molecule.

    • The leg abductor muscle's primary function is to stabilize the body during rotation in the hip joint.

    • A cyst is a body mass filled with fluid, anechoic in nature.

    • Technetium-99m does not have the property of being expensive.

    • The Na/K ATPase pump is responsible for maintaining cellular hydration by pumping sodium out and potassium into the cell.

    • An electrocardiogram (EKG) contains information about the electrical activity of the heart, specifically Eindhoven triangles.

    • The main cause of turbulence in blood flow is higher pressure.

    • When standing on one leg, there is a 7x increase in load on the femur head.

    • Stereocilia in the inner ear are involved in balance.

    • MRI stands for Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

    • Gamma rays are the hardest radiation to absorb.

    • An electrocardiogram (EKG) contains information about the electrical activity of the heart, specifically Eindhoven triangles.

    • The primary function of the Na/K ATPase pump is to pump sodium out and potassium into the cell.

    • Technetium-99m is not radioactive or expensive, it is used in medical diagnostics and has a half-life of 6 hours.

    • The leg abductor muscle's primary function is to stabilize the body during rotation in the hip joint.

    • Fluoroscopy layers primarily provide dynamic imaging.

    • Spherical aberration is caused by imperfect curvature of lenses.

    • If there is a threefold increase in the lumen of a vessel, the velocity of the blood flow increases threefold.

    • The Nernst equation calculates the membrane potential.

    • The resistance of the renal artery is typically 0.6 ohms.

    • When gamma radiation goes through the body, it alters the nuclei of cells.

    • The lumbosacral angle is typically 40 degrees.

    • Facilitated diffusion is a process that does not require energy and depends on carrier proteins.

    • Technetium-99 is generated from molibden and not from uranium, alpha decay, or chemical synthesis.

    • The main function of the leg abductor muscle is to stabilize the body during rotation in the hip joint.

    • A cyst is primarily characterized by being a body mass filled with fluid, anechoic in nature.

    • The threshold of hearing is typically between 2-3 kHz.

    • Turbulence is more likely to occur in blood flow at higher Reynolds numbers.

    • X-rays have larger energy and lower penetration than gamma rays.

    • The osmotic coefficient of albumin is typically higher than 1.5.

    • The contraction of ciliary muscles affects the shape of the lens.

    • The purpose of the ear drum is to transmit sound waves to the inner ear.

    • Sensory system functions include: detection (sight, touch, taste, smell, hearing), sound amplification, balance, and filtering frequencies.

    • Intensity of X-rays increases as tube voltage increases.

    • Threshold of hearing is typically between 2-3 kHz.

    • Ultrasound crystals resonating result in increased resolution.

    • CT scans have better resolution than MRI.

    • Lateral resolution in ultrasound is determined by the width of the ultrasound beam.

    • Stereocilia in the inner ear are involved in balance.

    • Osmotic coefficient of albumin is typically higher than 1.5.

    • Contraction of ciliary muscles affects the shape of the lens.

    • Retina is the part of the eye that is light sensitive.

    • Technetium-99m does not have the property of being expensive.

    • Serum tests are run to determine electrolyte balance, hormone levels, and other substances.

    • Plasma primarily consists of proteins, electrolytes, antibodies, antigens, and hormones.

    • Multiple myeloma is a cancer of bone marrow and malignant plasma cells.

    • Vitamin C is effective in treating iron deficiency.

    • There are two types of insulin: dependent and non-dependent.

    • The ear differentiates frequencies using different wavelengths and intervals.

    • Myelinated fibers conduct information fast.

    • Radioimmunoassay (RIA) is used to measure the presence and concentration of specific substances in a sample.

    • Gamma rays are the hardest radiation to absorb.

    • The unit for exposure dose is sievert.

    • Vitamin K is important for blood clotting, but not for maintaining the membrane potential of muscle and nerve fibers.

    • In obstructive jaundice, the skin appears yellow due to increased bilirubin in the blood.

    • During walking, the hip performs an unloading motion.

    • Poiseuille’s law describes the flow resistance of each vessel.

    • Fluid flow becomes turbulent when the Reynolds number exceeds the critical value.

    • Apparent blood viscosity is influenced by diameter of blood vessels, plasma viscosity, and haematocrit value.

    • Diastole duration decreases as heart rate increases.

    • Water molecules in liquid water interact via van der Waals forces.

    • A single neuron can have hundreds to thousands of synapses.

    • Voltage-gated Na+ channels open when the membrane is depolarized.

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    Test your knowledge of medical imaging techniques and physiological principles with this quiz. From MRI to the Doppler effect, and potassium channels, this quiz covers a range of topics related to medical imaging and physiology.

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