Medical Genetics Lectures on Cells and Microbiome

Podcast Beta

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Match the following with their respective descriptions:

Somatic cells = Cells that make your organs and tissues Germ Cells = The ONLY cells that are not somatic – sperm and egg (Gametes) Meiosis = Includes two nuclear divisions Mitosis = Preceded by one round of DNA replication

Match the following with their respective characteristics:

Human Microbiome = Cells within and on us that are not actually of us, constitute the human microbiome 2n Cells = Division preceded by one round of DNA replication mtDNA = Genetic material present in a Human cell nDNA = Arranged on multiple chromosomes; twenty three pairs of chromosomes

Match the following with their respective quantities:

30 trillion cells = Average number of cells in a human body 39 trillion cells/particles = Number of bacterial, fungal, or protozoan cells in a healthy human body 23 pairs of chromosome = Number of chromosome pairs in every human cell (except mature red blood cells) Half the normal complement of chromosomes = Complement of chromosomes in gametes or sex cells (sperm and eggs)

Match the following with their respective genetic distinctions:

Meiosis daughter cells = Haploid and genetically distinct Mitosis daughter cells = Diploid and identical to the parent cell Human Genome = All genetic material of Human Signup and view all the answers

Match the following cell types with their respective descriptions:

Cells Smallest living unit = Cell Types Somatic cells = Cells that make your organs and tissues Germ Cells = The ONLY cells that are not somatic – sperm and egg (Gametes) 2n Cells = Division preceded by one round of DNA replication Signup and view all the answers

Match the DNA component with its description:

mtDNA = Forms closed circular molecules Chromatin = Composed of a nucleosome array condensed into about 30 nm fiber Genome = Contains over 3 billion base pairs or nucleotides Gene = A piece of DNA that encodes a particular trait Signup and view all the answers

Match the chromatin type with its characteristic structure:

Euchromatin = Less compact structure, often described as an 11 nm fiber with the appearance of ‘beads on a string’ Heterochromatin = More compact structure, often reported as being composed of a nucleosome array condensed into about 30 nm fiber Interphase Chromatin = Classified as either euchromatin or heterochromatin based on its level of compaction Metaphase Chromosomes = Consist of two identical sister chromatids formed through chromatin condensation Signup and view all the answers

Match the genetic term with its definition:

Allele = An alternate form of a gene Phenotype = The physical expression of a gene or allele Genotype = The genetic composition of an individual Locus = The location of a gene Signup and view all the answers

Match the genetic process with its description:

Genes transcription = Process of transcribing DNA into RNA DNA replication = Process of replicating cellular DNA during interphase Translation = Process of translating RNA into protein Gregor Mendel = Associated with Genetics and Blood Group Systems Signup and view all the answers

Match the biological concept with its definition:

Karyotype = Visual representation of an individual's chromosomes Non-Coding DNA = Comprised of non-coding sequences in the human genome The “Central Dogma” = Flow of genetic information in a cell from genes to proteins Mitosis = Cellular process involving chromosome condensation and division Signup and view all the answers