Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a characteristic of low-flow oxygen systems?
What is a characteristic of low-flow oxygen systems?
- FiO2 can vary based on the patient's respiratory pattern. (correct)
- They fully meet all of a patient's inspiratory demands.
- They provide a fixed FiO2 regardless of patient demand.
- They are typically used in hyperbaric oxygen therapy.
Which factor does NOT affect the FiO2 estimation in low-flow systems?
Which factor does NOT affect the FiO2 estimation in low-flow systems?
- Patient's respiratory rate
- Flow of gas from the equipment
- Presence of oxygen-enriched environments (correct)
- Size of the equipment reservoir
What defines a reservoir system in oxygen therapy?
What defines a reservoir system in oxygen therapy?
- It provides variable FiO2 depending on patient effort.
- It can only deliver a maximum of 50% FiO2.
- It utilizes an attached reservoir to provide supplemental oxygen. (correct)
- It delivers oxygen at a fixed rate to the patient.
Which type of mask is most effective in providing a high and consistent FiO2?
Which type of mask is most effective in providing a high and consistent FiO2?
What is a potential hazard of prolonged exposure to high FiO2 levels?
What is a potential hazard of prolonged exposure to high FiO2 levels?
How is troubleshooting of oxygen delivery systems typically approached?
How is troubleshooting of oxygen delivery systems typically approached?
What condition is particularly associated with depression of ventilation when using supplemental oxygen?
What condition is particularly associated with depression of ventilation when using supplemental oxygen?
What should practitioners particularly be cautious of in oxygen-enriched environments?
What should practitioners particularly be cautious of in oxygen-enriched environments?
What is the FIO2 level when the port of an incubator is open?
What is the FIO2 level when the port of an incubator is open?
What major challenge is associated with oxygen tents?
What major challenge is associated with oxygen tents?
What happens if there is a pressure change of 10 psig in an oxygen blender?
What happens if there is a pressure change of 10 psig in an oxygen blender?
Which oxygen delivery device provides high FIO2 and positive pressure?
Which oxygen delivery device provides high FIO2 and positive pressure?
What is a potential issue when using an incubator for oxygen delivery?
What is a potential issue when using an incubator for oxygen delivery?
Which type of mask is often used in emergencies for oxygen delivery?
Which type of mask is often used in emergencies for oxygen delivery?
What is the primary function of incubators in pediatric care?
What is the primary function of incubators in pediatric care?
In the context of oxygen delivery, what does FIO2 stand for?
In the context of oxygen delivery, what does FIO2 stand for?
Which device is specifically designed to mix oxygen and air for precise FIO2 delivery?
Which device is specifically designed to mix oxygen and air for precise FIO2 delivery?
How does a closed port in an incubator affect the FIO2 level?
How does a closed port in an incubator affect the FIO2 level?
What is the main FiO2 range provided by a simple mask?
What is the main FiO2 range provided by a simple mask?
What is a significant advantage of using a partial rebreathing mask over a simple mask?
What is a significant advantage of using a partial rebreathing mask over a simple mask?
Which of the following describes the primary function of the one-way valves in a nonrebreathing mask?
Which of the following describes the primary function of the one-way valves in a nonrebreathing mask?
What is a primary goal of oxygen therapy?
What is a primary goal of oxygen therapy?
What is one of the common problems that can affect reservoir masks?
What is one of the common problems that can affect reservoir masks?
Which condition is an indication for oxygen therapy?
Which condition is an indication for oxygen therapy?
What is a potential hazard of using FIO2 greater than 50%?
What is a potential hazard of using FIO2 greater than 50%?
Which flow range is necessary for a partial rebreathing mask to prevent bag collapse during inspiration?
Which flow range is necessary for a partial rebreathing mask to prevent bag collapse during inspiration?
Which of the following is an appropriate method to assess a patient's need for oxygen therapy?
Which of the following is an appropriate method to assess a patient's need for oxygen therapy?
What is one common type of oxygen delivery system?
What is one common type of oxygen delivery system?
Which mask type is NOT typically used in oxygen therapy?
Which mask type is NOT typically used in oxygen therapy?
How should you respond if an oxygen delivery system malfunctions?
How should you respond if an oxygen delivery system malfunctions?
What condition can result from prolonged exposure to concentrations of oxygen above 60 mmHg?
What condition can result from prolonged exposure to concentrations of oxygen above 60 mmHg?
What is one of the clinical objectives for administering oxygen therapy?
What is one of the clinical objectives for administering oxygen therapy?
Which of the following is a benefit of implementing protocol-based oxygen therapy?
Which of the following is a benefit of implementing protocol-based oxygen therapy?
What is the typical flow rate for a nasal cannula?
What is the typical flow rate for a nasal cannula?
Which factor does NOT affect the FiO2 delivered by a nasal cannula?
Which factor does NOT affect the FiO2 delivered by a nasal cannula?
What is the FiO2 range typically delivered by a nasal catheter?
What is the FiO2 range typically delivered by a nasal catheter?
What is a key characteristic of transtracheal catheters compared to nasal cannulas?
What is a key characteristic of transtracheal catheters compared to nasal cannulas?
Which statement about troubleshooting low-flow systems is inaccurate?
Which statement about troubleshooting low-flow systems is inaccurate?
In which situation would increasing the O2 flow rate not increase FiO2?
In which situation would increasing the O2 flow rate not increase FiO2?
What is one benefit of using reservoir systems for oxygen delivery?
What is one benefit of using reservoir systems for oxygen delivery?
What is the impact of mouth-open breathing on FiO2 in low-flow systems?
What is the impact of mouth-open breathing on FiO2 in low-flow systems?
What FiO2 concentration range can be expected at a flow rate of 1 L/min using low-flow systems?
What FiO2 concentration range can be expected at a flow rate of 1 L/min using low-flow systems?
Which type of oxygen delivery device has been largely replaced by nasal cannulas?
Which type of oxygen delivery device has been largely replaced by nasal cannulas?
Flashcards
Oxygen Toxicity
Oxygen Toxicity
Damage to the lungs and central nervous system from prolonged exposure to high levels of oxygen.
Depression of Ventilation
Depression of Ventilation
Reduced breathing in COPD patients with chronic hypercapnia caused by supplemental oxygen.
Retinopathy of Prematurity
Retinopathy of Prematurity
Damage to the retina in premature infants from excessively high blood oxygen levels.
Absorption Atelectasis
Absorption Atelectasis
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Low-Flow Oxygen Systems
Low-Flow Oxygen Systems
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Reservoir Oxygen Systems
Reservoir Oxygen Systems
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High-Flow Oxygen Systems
High-Flow Oxygen Systems
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Fire Hazard with Oxygen
Fire Hazard with Oxygen
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Incubator Function
Incubator Function
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Incubator FIO2 Control
Incubator FIO2 Control
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Oxygen Tent Use
Oxygen Tent Use
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Oxygen Tent FIO2 Control
Oxygen Tent FIO2 Control
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Oxygen Blender Function
Oxygen Blender Function
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Oxygen Blender Alarms
Oxygen Blender Alarms
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High Flow Nasal Cannula
High Flow Nasal Cannula
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Bag-Mask Device
Bag-Mask Device
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FIO2
FIO2
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Oxygen sources for Mixers
Oxygen sources for Mixers
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Oxygen Therapy Goal
Oxygen Therapy Goal
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Clinical Objectives for O2 Therapy
Clinical Objectives for O2 Therapy
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Hypoxemia
Hypoxemia
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Indications for Oxygen Therapy
Indications for Oxygen Therapy
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Oxygen Therapy Hazards
Oxygen Therapy Hazards
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Ventilatory Depression
Ventilatory Depression
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Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP)
Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP)
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Simple Mask Flow Rate
Simple Mask Flow Rate
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Simple Mask FiO2
Simple Mask FiO2
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Partial Rebreathing Mask Advantage
Partial Rebreathing Mask Advantage
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Nonrebreathing Mask Valves
Nonrebreathing Mask Valves
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Troubleshooting Reservoir Systems
Troubleshooting Reservoir Systems
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Nasal Cannula
Nasal Cannula
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Transtracheal Catheter
Transtracheal Catheter
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What are the common problems associated with low-flow oxygen systems?
What are the common problems associated with low-flow oxygen systems?
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What factors influence the FiO2 delivered by a low-flow system?
What factors influence the FiO2 delivered by a low-flow system?
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Reservoir Systems
Reservoir Systems
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Nasal Catheter
Nasal Catheter
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How often should a nasal catheter be replaced?
How often should a nasal catheter be replaced?
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What is the main advantage of Transtracheal Catheter?
What is the main advantage of Transtracheal Catheter?
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What is the role of humidification in low-flow oxygen systems?
What is the role of humidification in low-flow oxygen systems?
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Study Notes
Chapter 42: Medical Gas Therapy - Low-Flow System
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Learning Objectives (1 of 3):
- Describe when oxygen therapy is needed.
- Assess the need for oxygen therapy.
- Describe precautions and complications associated with oxygen therapy.
- Select an appropriate oxygen delivery system for the respiratory care plan.
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Learning Objectives (2 of 3):
- Describe how to administer oxygen to adults, children, and infants.
- Describe how to identify and correct malfunctions of oxygen delivery systems.
- Assess and monitor a patient's response to oxygen therapy.
- Describe how and when to modify or recommend modification of oxygen therapy.
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Learning Objectives (3 of 3):
- Describe how to implement protocol-based oxygen therapy.
- Identify indications, complications, and hazards of hyperbaric oxygen therapy.
- Identify when and how to administer specialty therapeutic gases.
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Oxygen Therapy:
- Overall goal: Maintain adequate tissue oxygenation and minimize cardiopulmonary work.
- Clinical objectives: Correct documented or suspected acute hypoxemia; decrease symptoms associated with chronic hypoxemia; decrease the workload hypoxemia imposes on the cardiopulmonary system.
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Assessing the Need for Oxygen Therapy - Indications:
- Documented or suspected hypoxemia, evidenced by PaO2 less than 60 mm Hg or SaO2 less than 90% on room air.
- PaO2 or SaO2 below the desirable range for a specific clinical situation.
- Severe trauma.
- Acute myocardial infarction (MI).
- Post-operative situations (e.g., post-anesthesia recovery).
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Hazards of Oxygen Therapy:
- Ventilatory depression.
- Absorption atelectasis (FIO2 > 50% may cause replacement of nitrogen by oxygen).
- Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).
- Oxygen toxicity.
- Fire hazard.
- Contamination.
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Precautions & hazards of supplemental oxygen (cont.):
- Oxygen toxicity (primarily affects lungs and central nervous system, determining factors include PO2 and exposure time; prolonged exposure to high FIO2 can cause infiltrates in lung parenchyma).
- Depression of ventilation (occurs in COPD patients with chronic hypercapnia).
- Retinopathy of prematurity (excessive blood O2 levels cause retinal vasoconstriction and necrosis).
- Absorption atelectasis (can occur with FIO2 above 0.50, patients breathing small tidal volumes at greatest risk).
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Precautions & hazards of supplemental oxygen (cont.) - Fire hazard:
- Fires in O2-enriched environments continue to occur.
- Practitioners in surgery suites & in presence of hyperbaric O2 therapy need to be most careful.
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Oxygen Delivery Systems (types):
- Low Flow, Reservoir, and High Flow.
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Low-Flow System:
- Description: Variable performance, FiO2 can vary with patient's respiratory rate and pattern, flow of gas from equipment, equipment reservoir, doesn't fully meet patient's inspiratory demands, needs additional mixing with room air.
- Devices: Nasal cannula, nasal catheter (no longer used), transtracheal catheters.
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Reservoir Systems (types):
- Cannulas, Masks
- Description: Designed to conserve oxygen, Nasal reservoir, Pendant reservoir; can reduce O2 use by 50%-75%; humidification usually not needed.
- Masks (types): Simple mask, partial rebreathing mask, nonrebreathing mask.
- Simple mask: input flow 5-10 L/min, FIO2 0.35-0.50, air dilution during inspiration, FiO2 varies depending on the O2 input flow, the mask volume, the extent of air leakage, and the patient's breathing pattern.
- Partial rebreathing mask: input flow ≥10 L/min to prevent bag collapse, FiO2 range 0.40 to 0.70. Uses no valves.
- Nonrebreathing mask: More commonly used, input flow ≥10 L/min to prevent bag collapse, FiO2 range 0.60-0.80. One-way valves.
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High-Flow:
- Description: Delivers a relatively constant, fixed FiO2 without additional dilution of room air, flow rate adequate to meet patient's needs, based on 60 L/min minimum, or more in specific cases.
- Devices: Air entrainment mask (Venturi mask), Oxygen hoods, Incubators, Oxygen tents, High volume aerosol and humidifiers.
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Other Oxygen Delivery Devices: Include but aren't limited to pulse demand systems and oxygen blenders
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Troubleshooting: Common problems include inaccurate flow, system leaks and obstructions, device displacement, and skin irritation especially at low-flow settings.
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Important Considerations: The choice of delivery system depends on the desired oxygen concentration/FIO2 and the individual patient's needs. Thorough clinical monitoring and assessment of patient response is necessary.
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Description
This quiz covers the essential concepts and practices of medical gas therapy, specifically focusing on low-flow oxygen systems. It includes objectives related to the assessment and administration of oxygen therapy for different patient populations, as well as the identification of potential complications and system malfunctions. Test your knowledge on the application and protocols of oxygen therapy to ensure effective respiratory care.
