Medical Examination Review Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which topic is covered in Volume 1 of the book?

  • Biostats
  • Neuro
  • Thoracic (correct)
  • Mammo

The author of the book assumes responsibility for any injuries arising from the use of the material.

False (B)

What should readers do in case of clinical decision-making based on this book?

Double check all facts provided.

The book states that a PhD in biochemistry can fail a med school exam due to not being accustomed to ______ style questions.

<p>medicine</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following topics with their corresponding volumes:

<p>Endocrine = Volume 1 Legal Stuff = Volume 2 Physics = War Machine Vascular = Volume 2</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main aims of this text?

<p>To speculate how questions might be asked (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The author uses profanity to make the book more engaging.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many sections are listed in Volume 1 of the book?

<p>9</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the optimal small hourly dose of caffeine suggested?

<p>0.3 mg per kg of body weight (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

It is suggested to study with a group of friends to enhance focus.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one reason suggested for studying early in the morning?

<p>Fewer distractions as everyone else is asleep.</p> Signup and view all the answers

It is recommended to avoid __________ and focus on caffeine tablets for accurate caffeine dosing.

<p>energy drinks</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many hours of studying are recommended on weekends?

<p>8-12 hours (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Listening to music is encouraged during studying for better focus.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if studying in a public location?

<p>Make it clear to classmates that you don't want to be interrupted.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the study strategies to their descriptions:

<p>Caffeine tablets = Help maintain steady caffeine levels Study alone = Avoid distractions from others Study in the morning = Greater focus with fewer distractions Use ear plugs = Prevent interruptions from nearby conversations</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the Self Remembering Exercise?

<p>To increase your ability to harness power and focus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Self Remembering Exercise is the same as being present in the moment.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you focus on during the Self Remembering Exercise after achieving presence?

<p>Your breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Accountability Mirror involves putting sticky notes of ______ on the mirror.

<p>things you want to accomplish</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following methods to their descriptions:

<p>Self Remembering Exercise = A technique to increase focus through presence Accountability Mirror = A daily reminder system using sticky notes Meditation = A practice to relax and concentrate Anxiety Management = Handling future dread through presence</p> Signup and view all the answers

What phrase should be added after centering oneself during the Self Remembering Exercise?

<p>Happiness is a delusion of the weak (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Both self remembering and meditation are suggested as methods to defeat anxiety.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name the person who introduced the Accountability Mirror concept?

<p>David Goggins</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main imaging method to demonstrate Sinus Pericranii?

<p>MRI with a vascular sequence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Subdural hematomas are less commonly associated with non-accidental trauma than epidural hematomas.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition can be indicated by an inconsistent history of injury in children?

<p>Non-Accidental Trauma (Abusive Head Trauma)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The communication between a dural venous sinus and an extra cranial venous structure in Sinus Pericranii leads to a vascular malformation known as a __________.

<p>low flow vascular malformation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms with their descriptions:

<p>Sinus Pericranii = Rare disorder with focal skull defect and vascular malformation Non-Accidental Trauma = Abusive head trauma in children Subdural Hematoma = Associated with bridging cortical vein tears in trauma Retinal Hemorrhage = Common indication in abusive head trauma cases</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is described as the main focus of the pursuit according to the content?

<p>The quest for gold (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The author believes that the quest for excellence is a lonely journey.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate reward offered to high achievers?

<p>Recognition in the book and a lion trophy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The katana sword of the black dragon society cannot be stolen; it can only be _____ .

<p>earned</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following elements with their meanings:

<p>Gold medal = Recognition of the ultimate achievement Quest = The journey towards excellence Loneliness = Feeling during the pursuit of success Victory = The achievement of goals</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the author consider more important than simply winning?

<p>The journey itself (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the author's perspective on achieving victory?

<p>Achieving victory comes from focusing on the quest rather than just outcomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The author suggests that focusing on outcomes always leads to success.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of an abnormal skull shape in infants?

<p>Positional Plagiocephaly (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

True unilateral lambdoid synostosis is a common cause of abnormal skull shape in infants.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What management technique is recommended for positional plagiocephaly?

<p>Conservative management, such as sleeping on the opposite side.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In true unilateral lambdoid synostosis, the ipsilateral ear is positioned __________.

<p>posterior/inferior</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following conditions with their characteristics:

<p>Positional Plagiocephaly = Flat spot on the preferred dependent area of the head True Unilateral Lambdoid Synostosis = Ipsilateral ear positioned posterior/inferior Frontal Bossing in Positional Plagiocephaly = Ipsilateral Frontal Bossing in True Unilateral Lambdoid Synostosis = Contralateral</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic tool is preferred for diagnosing synostosis?

<p>CT with 3D reconstructions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The onset of positional plagiocephaly occurs at birth.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What imaging result would indicate a normal open suture?

<p>Uninterrupted hypoechoic fibrous gap between hyperechoic cranial bones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Disclaimer: Not for Clinical Decision Making

The text emphasizes that this book is not meant for clinical decision-making and that the user should double-check all information as human error can occur.

Speculating on Exam Question Style

This refers to the author's attempt to anticipate how questions might be asked on a medical school exam, taking into account the style and content of the USMLE. It's an attempt to cover material likely to be tested.

Biochemistry PhD vs. Medical School Exam

The text acknowledges that even someone with extensive biochemical knowledge might struggle with a medical school biochemistry exam due to the unique style and content of such tests.

Aiming for USMLE Style Questions

This book attempts to explore the style of board questions and include material likely to be covered by the USMLE, based on the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) study guide.

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Informal and Humorous Tone

The book uses informal language, including profanity and jokes, to make the content more engaging and readable.

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Lighthearted Comments on Medical Specialties

The author makes lighthearted comments about different medical specialties, highlighting the diversity and sometimes differing perspectives within medicine.

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Variety of Medical Topics

This refers to the diverse and challenging topics covered in the book, encompassing various medical fields and disciplines.

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Emphasis on Physics and Non-Interpretive Skills

The author acknowledges the importance of understanding the underlying physics and non-interpretive skills needed in medicine, emphasizing the importance of fundamental knowledge.

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The Quest

The process of striving towards excellence and achieving a desired goal.

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Loneliness at the Top

The feeling of isolation and lack of support when pursuing a challenging goal.

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The Value of the Quest

Prioritizing personal growth and development over external rewards.

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Training for Gold

The unwavering commitment to achieving the highest level of success.

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Focus on the Quest, Not the Outcome

The unwavering focus on the process, rather than the outcome.

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100% Dedication

The ability to dedicate oneself fully to a task or goal.

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Achieving Victory

The skill of achieving success consistently, regardless of external circumstances.

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Personal Growth Over Outcomes

Focusing on personal growth and development, even in the face of setbacks.

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Self Remembering Exercise

A technique for improving focus and presence by centering your mind on the present moment. It involves closing your eyes, repeating "I am here in this place", focusing on your breathing, and achieving a state of complete presence, excluding all distractions.

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Future-Focused Anxiety

The tendency for feelings of dread and anxiety to focus on future consequences, rather than the present task at hand.

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Self Remembering

A state of heightened awareness and focus, where distractions are minimized, and attention is solely focused on the present moment.

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Accountability Mirror

A mental tool for achieving self-accountability, involving writing down daily goals and behaviors on sticky notes and placing them on a mirror for constant visual reminders throughout the day.

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True Will Power

The ability to overcome obstacles, persevere through challenges, and achieve desired outcomes through sheer determination and will power.

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Waking Sleep

A state of heightened alertness and awareness, where an individual maintains a clear and concentrated focus on the task at hand.

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Harnessing Mental Focus

The ability to maintain focus and concentration for extended periods, even when faced with distractions or challenges.

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Mental Optimization

The act of overcoming internal resistance and engaging in purposeful actions that align with goals and aspirations.

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Caffeine for Studying

Taking small doses of caffeine (around 20 mg per hour) can help improve focus and concentration during study sessions.

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No Music While Studying

Avoiding distracting activities like music during study sessions to maintain concentration.

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Study Solo

Studying alone reduces distractions from conversations and allows for focused learning.

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Recommended Study Hours

The author recommends studying for 2-3 hours on weekdays and 8-12 hours on weekends.

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Morning Study Advantage

Studying early in the morning when everyone else is asleep can provide a quiet and focused environment.

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Study Schedule

The author suggests using a study schedule, especially early in the morning, to maximize study time and avoid distractions.

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Post-Work Fatigue

The author sees being tired and drained after work as a major obstacle to effective studying.

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Resisting Laziness

The author emphasizes the need to avoid distractions and stay focused during study sessions, comparing it to resisting an inner lazy person.

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Sinus Pericranii

A rare condition characterized by a focal skull defect with an associated vascular malformation. It involves a communication between a dural venous sinus, usually the superior sagittal sinus, and an extracranial venous structure through emissary veins.

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Non-Accidental Trauma (NAT)

Non-Accidental Trauma (NAT) is a term used to describe abusive head injuries in children. It often involves shaking or impact to the head, leading to specific patterns of injuries like subdural hematomas and retinal hemorrhages.

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Subdural Hematoma

A subdural hematoma refers to bleeding between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater. It is associated with vigorous shaking, which can tear bridging cortical veins.

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Retinal Hemorrhage

Retinal hemorrhage is bleeding within the retina, often seen in abused children. It results from shaking or impact to the head.

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Inconsistent History

This refers to a history of injury that doesn't match the severity of the observed injuries, raising concern about potential abuse.

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Unilateral Lambdoid Synostosis

A condition where the skull bones fuse prematurely, usually on one side, causing an asymmetrical head shape. The flatter side of the head is on the side where the bone fusion occurred.

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Positional Plagiocephaly

A condition where the skull bones fuse prematurely, causing a flat head. The flattening is usually on the side where the baby sleeps most often.

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Rhombencephalosynapsis

A rare condition where the skull bones fuse prematurely, leading to a distinctive, narrowed head shape. This is often seen in association with other abnormalities.

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Ipsilateral Ear: Posterior/ Inferior

A distinctive feature of Unilateral Lambdoid Synostosis where the affected ear is positioned toward the back and bottom of the head.

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Frontal Bossing: Contralateral

A distinctive feature of Unilateral Lambdoid Synostosis where the forehead protrudes out on the side opposite the fused suture.

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Ipsilateral Ear: Anterior

A distinctive feature of Positional Plagiocephaly where the ear on the affected side is positioned toward the front of the head.

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Frontal Bossing: Ipsilateral

A distinctive feature of Unilateral Lambdoid Synostosis where the forehead protrudes out on the same side as the fused suture.

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Frontal Bossing: Contralateral

A distinctive feature of Positional Plagiocephaly where the forehead protrudes out on the opposite side to the flat spot on the head.

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Study Notes

Art of War, Pediatrics, Gastroenterological, Urinary, Reproductive, Endocrine, Thoracic, Cardiac, Nuclear Medicine

  • Art of War: Located on pages 9-33.
  • Pediatrics: Pages 35-139.
  • Gastrointestinal: Pages 141-222.
  • Urinary: Pages 225-269.
  • Reproductive: Pages 271-341.
  • Endocrine: Pages 343-361.
  • Thoracic: Pages 363-430.
  • Cardiac: Pages 433-466.
  • Nuclear Medicine (Nukes): Pages 469-544.

Volume 2 Topics

  • Neurology, Musculoskeletal (MSK), Vascular, Interventional Radiology (IR), Mammography (Mammo), Strategy

War Machine Topics

  • Physics, Non-Interpretive Skills, Biostatistics
  • Book not for clinical decision-making.
  • Readers responsible for double-checking information.
  • Author not liable for injury/damage.
  • No recalls in the book.
  • Book aims to explain likely board question style and content, informed by the ABR's study guide.
  • Aims to explore likely question style and include high-yield material.
  • Author uses profanity and "grown-up" jokes.

Radiology Master of Sport - National Champion

  • Being the best is a lonely quest.
  • Recognition brings friends.
  • The quest, not the outcome, is crucial.
  • Emphasizes dedication and commitment to excellence, not just winning.
  • Gold medal quest is more important than the medal itself.
  • Focus on the quest; outcomes are often unpredictable.

Mental Optimization - The Self Remembering Exercise

  • Most people exist in a state of semi-hypnotic "waking sleep".
  • Self Remembering Exercise improves focus.
  • Being present in the moment is essential.
  • Morning (or before studying) practice for 5-10 minutes.
  • Focus on breathing until nothing can disrupt you.
  • Anxiety and dread melt away when focused on present.

Mental Optimization - The Accountability Mirror

  • Mirror method (Goggins method)
  • Stick notes of goals, behavior, tasks on a mirror.
  • Minimal caffeine dose recommended per kg of body weight.
  • Avoid energy drinks and distractions.
  • Use motivational music (e.g., "Replacement Killers").
  • Studying should be done alone, ideally.
  • Don't get distracted with social interaction.
  • Use earplugs if studying in public.

Study Hours

  • Minimum 2-3 hours weekdays, 8-12 hours weekends.
  • Optimal study time "however much would kill you minus one second."
  • Preferable study time is early morning.

Positional Plagiocephaly vs. True Unilateral Lambdoid Synostosis

  • Positional Plagiocephaly:
    • Flat head spot on dependent area.
    • Onset: Weeks after birth.
    • Ear: Anterior; Ipsilateral.
    • Frontal Bossing: Ipsilateral.
    • Conservative management (sleep on other side).
  • True Unilateral Lambdoid Synostosis:
    • Onset: Birth.
    • Ear: Posterior/Inferior; Ipsilateral.
    • Frontal Bossing: Contralateral.
    • Rare.
    • Surgical management needed.

Diagnosis of Synostosis

  • CT scan with 3D reconstruction is most common.
  • Plain films (from 1987) might be used in multiple-choice questions.
  • Ultrasound might be presented as a test, showing a normal open suture as an uninterrupted hypoechoic fibrous gap between hyperechoic cranial bones.

Sinus Pericranii

  • Rare skull defect with associated vascular malformation.
  • Underlying pathology: Low flow vascular malformation.
  • Communication between dural venous sinus and extracranial venous structure via emissary veins.
  • Use MRI with vascular sequences for diagnosis.
  • CT scan for defect.

Non-Accidental Trauma (NAT)

  • Inconsistent history often accompanies NAT.
  • Subdural hematomas strongly associated with NAT compared to epidural hematomas.
  • Retinal hemorrhage is a clue.
  • Think vigorous shaking.
  • Includes "gamesmanship" (vigorous, irregular activities, inconsistent history).

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