Medical Emergency Conditions Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which condition is characterized by relative hypovolemia due to vasodilation?

  • Hypovolaemic Shock
  • Septic Shock
  • Cardiogenic Shock
  • Distributive Shock (correct)

Which type of shock is caused by drugs like nitrates and calcium-channel blockers?

  • Barbiturate poisoning
  • Neurogenic shock (correct)
  • Extracardiac obstructive shock
  • Anaphylactic shock

What is a leading cause of death for critically ill people?

  • Ruptured ectopic pregnancy
  • Insufficient blood flow reaching body tissues (correct)
  • Peripheral vasodilation
  • Severe vomiting

Which symptom is associated with shock?

<p>$SBP &lt; 90$ mm Hg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of shock is characterized by decreased pumping function of the heart?

<p>Cardiogenic Shock (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of shock is caused by massive pulmonary embolism?

<p>Cardiogenic Shock (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes relative hypovolemia due to vasodilation in distributive shock?

<p>Decreased systemic vascular resistance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about crystalloids?

<p>They have a total osmolality similar to plasma (280 - 295 mmol/kg) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the drug of choice for anaphylactic shock?

<p>Epinephrine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary route for administering epinephrine in emergency situations?

<p>Intravenous (IV) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred route for administering norepinephrine for rapid onset of action?

<p>Intravenous (IV) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vasopressor stimulates alpha1 receptors resulting in vasoconstriction?

<p>Norepinephrine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the drug of choice in septic shock?

<p>Norepinephrine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication has a weak effect on beta2 receptors and stimulates beta1 receptors to increase cardiac output and heart rate?

<p>Dobutamine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a cause of hypovolaemic shock?

<p>Ruptured ectopic pregnancy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of shock is characterized by excessive fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac?

<p>Cardiogenic shock (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is associated with shock?

<p>Oliguria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes relative hypovolemia due to vasodilation in distributive shock?

<p>Anaphylactic reaction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by a decrease in filling of cardiac chambers and a decrease in cardiac output?

<p>Pericardial tamponade (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of shock is caused by drugs like nitrates and calcium-channel blockers?

<p>Distributive shock (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary route for administering epinephrine in emergency situations?

<p>Intravenous route (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the drug of choice for anaphylactic shock?

<p>Epinephrine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of shock is characterized by decreased pumping function of the heart?

<p>Cardiogenic shock (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes intravascular deficit in hypovolaemic shock?

<p>External loss (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vasopressor stimulates alpha1 receptors resulting in vasoconstriction?

<p>Phenylephrine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication has minor activity on beta1 receptors and stimulates alpha1 receptors resulting in vasoconstriction?

<p>Norepinephrine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the drug of choice for septic shock?

<p>Norepinephrine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is preferred for the treatment of shock when volume resuscitation fails to maintain adequate blood pressure and organ perfusion?

<p>Norepinephrine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of dopamine at low doses?

<p>$\alpha$-adrenergic stimulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication stimulates $\beta$1 receptors to increase cardiac output and heart rate?

<p>$\alpha$-adrenergic inhibition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary route for administering epinephrine in emergency situations?

<p>$\text{IV (intravenous)}$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary route for administering norepinephrine for rapid onset of action?

<p>$\text{IV (intravenous)}$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes relative hypovolemia due to vasodilation in distributive shock?

<p>Vasodilation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of action for epinephrine?

<p>1 to 2 minutes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the potential side effects of norepinephrine?

<p>Hypertension, dysrhythmia, ischemia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what infusion rates is dopamine used for treating shock?

<p>5-15 μg/kg/min (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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