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Questions and Answers
What is the main respiratory pattern associated with ataxic respiration due to medullary lesions?
What is the main respiratory pattern associated with ataxic respiration due to medullary lesions?
Which condition is indicated by the presence of acetone in the breath?
Which condition is indicated by the presence of acetone in the breath?
Which type of odor in the breath is typically associated with hepatic coma?
Which type of odor in the breath is typically associated with hepatic coma?
What does a urine ferrous odor in breath indicate?
What does a urine ferrous odor in breath indicate?
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Which of the following conditions is associated with central neurologic lesions?
Which of the following conditions is associated with central neurologic lesions?
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What might be indicated by the presence of adnexal tenderness and cervical motion tenderness in this case?
What might be indicated by the presence of adnexal tenderness and cervical motion tenderness in this case?
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A positive pregnancy test in a case of 39°C fever could suggest which of the following conditions?
A positive pregnancy test in a case of 39°C fever could suggest which of the following conditions?
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Which of the following is NOT a potential differential diagnosis for this case?
Which of the following is NOT a potential differential diagnosis for this case?
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What is an important next step in management for this patient given the findings?
What is an important next step in management for this patient given the findings?
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Which condition could be ruled out if a transvaginal ultrasound shows a viable intrauterine pregnancy?
Which condition could be ruled out if a transvaginal ultrasound shows a viable intrauterine pregnancy?
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What is the most likely diagnosis when a patient presents with symptoms of acute pelvic pain and possible septic conditions?
What is the most likely diagnosis when a patient presents with symptoms of acute pelvic pain and possible septic conditions?
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Which condition is characterized by the presence of an abscess in the pelvic region related to an ectopic source?
Which condition is characterized by the presence of an abscess in the pelvic region related to an ectopic source?
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What complication may arise from an ectopic pregnancy that is left untreated?
What complication may arise from an ectopic pregnancy that is left untreated?
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Which of the following conditions does NOT commonly relate to ectopic pregnancy?
Which of the following conditions does NOT commonly relate to ectopic pregnancy?
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What is a common clinical feature of a ruptured ectopic pregnancy?
What is a common clinical feature of a ruptured ectopic pregnancy?
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Which factor contributes to an increased risk of recurrent ectopic pregnancies?
Which factor contributes to an increased risk of recurrent ectopic pregnancies?
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How does Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) affect the risk of ectopic pregnancy?
How does Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) affect the risk of ectopic pregnancy?
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What role does an Intrauterine Device (IUD) play in the context of ectopic pregnancy risk?
What role does an Intrauterine Device (IUD) play in the context of ectopic pregnancy risk?
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What is the primary method to remove potassium (k) in cases of severe hyperkalemia?
What is the primary method to remove potassium (k) in cases of severe hyperkalemia?
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What management strategies are typically considered for a patient with a history of recurrent ectopic pregnancy?
What management strategies are typically considered for a patient with a history of recurrent ectopic pregnancy?
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Which condition can lead to hypernatremia?
Which condition can lead to hypernatremia?
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Which condition is NOT typically associated with increased risk for ectopic pregnancy?
Which condition is NOT typically associated with increased risk for ectopic pregnancy?
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What is the normal sodium level range in the human body?
What is the normal sodium level range in the human body?
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Which factor is NOT associated with causing hypernatremia?
Which factor is NOT associated with causing hypernatremia?
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What serious condition can result from severe hyperkalemia?
What serious condition can result from severe hyperkalemia?
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What is the recommended dosage range for Aspirin when treating ongoing ischemia?
What is the recommended dosage range for Aspirin when treating ongoing ischemia?
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What medication should be considered for patients with an allergy or intolerance to Aspirin?
What medication should be considered for patients with an allergy or intolerance to Aspirin?
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When should oral B-blockers be administered in the context of heart failure or ongoing ischemia?
When should oral B-blockers be administered in the context of heart failure or ongoing ischemia?
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What is the loading dose of Clopidogrel for patients with Aspirin allergy/intolerance?
What is the loading dose of Clopidogrel for patients with Aspirin allergy/intolerance?
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Which condition is NOT mentioned as a reason for intravenous (IV) treatment?
Which condition is NOT mentioned as a reason for intravenous (IV) treatment?
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Study Notes
Convulsions in Pregnancy
- Direct causes of pregnancy-related convulsions: eclampsia and pregnancy-related aggregation of epilepsy
- Indirect causes of pregnancy-related convulsions: CNS infections, trauma, tetany, drug withdrawal, or metabolic disorders like hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, and hypocalcemia.
Diagnostic Criteria
- Preeclampsia: Hypertension (140/90mmHg or higher) on two occasions at least four hours apart, with proteinuria (300mg or greater in 24 hours) and occurring after 20 weeks gestation.
- Eclampsia: Preeclampsia plus tonic-clonic seizures in pregnant patients.
- Epilepsy: Epilepsy with no history of hypertension and proteinuria, occurring anytime during pregnancy.
Clinical Presentation of Eclampsia
- Elevated blood pressure
- Swelling in the face and hands
- Headache
- Excessive weight gain
- Nausea and vomiting
- Vision problems
- Difficult urination
- Abdominal pain (upper right quadrant)
Clinical Presentation of Epilepsy
- Uncontrolled jerky movements of arms and legs
- Loss of consciousness
- Temporary confusion
- Psychic symptoms (fear, anxiety, déjà vu)
- Panic attack
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Description
Test your knowledge on various medical conditions and diagnoses in this comprehensive quiz. Explore questions on respiratory patterns, breath odors, and critical management steps related to internal medicine. Perfect for medical students and professionals looking to review key concepts.
