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Questions and Answers
What are early signs and symptoms of intra-abdominal bleeding?
What are early signs and symptoms of intra-abdominal bleeding?
pain and distention
A fractured femur can result in the loss of ______ or more of blood into the soft tissues of the thigh.
A fractured femur can result in the loss of ______ or more of blood into the soft tissues of the thigh.
1 liters
What do capillaries link?
What do capillaries link?
arterioles and venules
In older patients, what might be the first indicator of non-traumatic internal bleeding?
In older patients, what might be the first indicator of non-traumatic internal bleeding?
What is perfusion MOST accurately defined as?
What is perfusion MOST accurately defined as?
Hypovolemic shock occurs when low fluid volume leads to inadequate perfusion.
Hypovolemic shock occurs when low fluid volume leads to inadequate perfusion.
Bleeding from the nose following head trauma is a sign of a skull fracture and should be stopped.
Bleeding from the nose following head trauma is a sign of a skull fracture and should be stopped.
An organ or tissue might better resist damage from hypoperfusion if the body temperature is considerably less than ______.
An organ or tissue might better resist damage from hypoperfusion if the body temperature is considerably less than ______.
Which body system is the least critical for supplying and maintaining adequate blood flow?
Which body system is the least critical for supplying and maintaining adequate blood flow?
What splinting device is most appropriate for a patient with an open fracture of the forearm with external bleeding?
What splinting device is most appropriate for a patient with an open fracture of the forearm with external bleeding?
What should be suspected if a patient presents with hematemesis?
What should be suspected if a patient presents with hematemesis?
Significant vital sign changes will occur if the typical adult acutely loses more than ______ of his or her total blood volume.
Significant vital sign changes will occur if the typical adult acutely loses more than ______ of his or her total blood volume.
What is the ability of a person's cardiovascular system to compensate for blood loss MOST related to?
What is the ability of a person's cardiovascular system to compensate for blood loss MOST related to?
Which organ can tolerate inadequate perfusion for 2 to 3 hours?
Which organ can tolerate inadequate perfusion for 2 to 3 hours?
The severity of bleeding should be based on all the following except?
The severity of bleeding should be based on all the following except?
Internal bleeding into a fractured extremity is most often controlled by?
Internal bleeding into a fractured extremity is most often controlled by?
Hypoperfusion is another name for?
Hypoperfusion is another name for?
What is an early indicator of internal bleeding in non-trauma patients?
What is an early indicator of internal bleeding in non-trauma patients?
External bleeding from a vein is relatively easy to control because veins are under higher pressure.
External bleeding from a vein is relatively easy to control because veins are under higher pressure.
Most cases of external bleeding from an extremity can be controlled by?
Most cases of external bleeding from an extremity can be controlled by?
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Study Notes
Intra-Abdominal Bleeding
- Early indicators include pain and abdominal distention.
- Non-traumatic internal bleeding in older patients may first present as weakness or dizziness.
Blood Loss and Shock
- A fractured femur can result in the loss of 1 liter or more of blood into thigh tissues.
- Hypovolemic shock occurs when low fluid volume leads to inadequate blood perfusion in the body.
- Significant changes in vital signs typically happen if an adult loses more than 20% of total blood volume.
- The body's ability to tolerate blood loss is mainly related to the speed of bleeding.
Circulation and Perfusion
- Perfusion refers to blood circulation within an organ sufficient to meet metabolic needs.
- Hypoperfusion is synonymous with shock.
- Skeletal muscle can endure inadequate perfusion for 2 to 3 hours.
Bleeding Control and Management
- Internal bleeding from a fractured extremity is often managed by splinting.
- External bleeding from a vein is typically easier to control due to lower pressure in veins.
- Most external bleeding from extremities can be managed with local direct pressure.
Indicators of Internal Bleeding
- Gastrointestinal bleeding is suspected if a patient has hematemesis (vomiting blood).
- Dizziness upon standing is an early sign of internal bleeding in non-trauma patients.
Splinting Devices
- An air splint is the most suitable device for treating an open fracture of the forearm with external bleeding.
Importance of Body Systems
- The filtering of blood cells in the spleen is the least critical system for maintaining adequate blood flow.
Organ Tolerance
- Organs or tissues may better withstand damage from hypoperfusion if body temperature is significantly below 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit.
Severity Assessment
- Severity of bleeding does not consider systolic blood pressure as a factor.
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