18 Questions
What is the most likely cause of the dilated gallbladder, cystic duct, left and right, and intrahepatic ducts mentioned in the text?
Obstruction at the junction of the cystic duct and common hepatic duct
An alcoholic patient is described with long-standing cirrhosis. The histology shows fibrosis and nodules. What is the eosinophilic intracytoplasmic body found inside the hepatocytes?
Mallory body
A sarcoidosis patient with parotid enlargement develops shortness of breath. What is the most likely finding in a lung biopsy?
Pulmonary fibrosis
A patient with parotid gland swelling experiences which of the following symptoms?
All of the above
A patient with ulcerative colitis is most likely deficient in which of the following nutrients?
Vitamin B12
If an esophageal stent is placed at the T4-C2 level, which of the following structures is at risk of being damaged if the stent erodes the esophagus?
Left atrium
A patient presents with a harsh, holosystolic murmur that radiates to the carotid arteries. Which condition is most likely the cause?
Ventricular septal defect
A patient with a history of alcoholism presents with unilateral pleural effusion. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
Pneumonia
A patient with obesity and hypertension presents with a diastolic murmur heard best at the left sternal border. Which valve lesion is most likely responsible?
Mitral stenosis
A patient with a history of repeated fractures is found to have hypercalcemia. Which of the following conditions is the most likely cause?
Hyperparathyroidism
A patient with obesity and alcoholism presents with shortness of breath and bilateral crackles on auscultation. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
Pulmonary edema
A patient with hypertension presents with a systolic murmur heard best at the right upper sternal border. Which valve lesion is most likely responsible?
Pulmonary stenosis
In the case of the osteoporotic patient with a tibial fracture, why did the fracture occur at the same site after the cast was removed?
The woven bone formed during the initial healing process was weaker than the surrounding cortical bone.
In the obese alcoholic patient with pleural effusion and abdominal distension, what is the most likely cause of the pleural fluid being a transudate (pleural protein to serum protein ratio < 0.5)?
Decreased pulmonary oncotic pressure due to low serum albumin levels.
Based on the auscultation findings, which type of murmur was most likely present in the patient who had dental extraction and clinical features of endocarditis?
A holosystolic murmur with no audible second heart sound, indicating mitral regurgitation.
In the case of the patient with a blood pressure of 134/68 mmHg, which type of murmur would be most consistent with this presentation?
A diastolic decrescendo murmur suggestive of aortic regurgitation.
Which of the following statements about murmurs is correct?
The absence of carotid bruits rules out aortic stenosis.
What is the most likely cause of a transudative pleural effusion in an obese alcoholic patient with abdominal distension?
Decreased oncotic pressure due to low serum albumin levels.
Test your knowledge on medical case studies including lab parameters in Osteoporotic patients, reasons for recurrent fractures, and causes of pleural effusion in an obese alcoholic. Explore the scenarios and answer the questions to enhance your medical understanding.
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