Alcohols
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Questions and Answers

What is the main reason why alcohols up to pentanol are fully soluble in water?

  • The hydrophilic part of the molecules dominates (correct)
  • The hydrocarbon part of the molecules dominates
  • The alkene part of the molecules dominates
  • The hydrophobic part of the molecules dominates

Which method of forming alcohols leads to anti-Markovnikov alcohols?

  • Brute-force hydration
  • Oxymercuration
  • Hydroboration (correct)
  • Reduction of carbonyl compounds

What type of diol is formed by using OsO4?

  • Trans-diols
  • Anti-diols
  • Syn-diols (correct)
  • Cis-diols

What is the primary alcohol formed from?

<p>Aldehyde reduction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which reducing agent is not strong enough to reduce alkene groups or benzene rings?

<p>NaBH4 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why even small alcohols are liquids?

<p>Due to their ability to undergo hydrogen bonding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the oxymercuration and hydroboration methods of hydration?

<p>The stereochemistry of the product, with oxymercuration giving Markovnikov addition and hydroboration giving anti-Markovnikov addition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why higher alcohols are not highly soluble in water?

<p>Due to the hydrophobic portion of the molecule taking over (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the reaction between an alkene and OsO4?

<p>A cis diol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the reducing agents NaBH4 and LiAlH4?

<p>NaBH4 is more selective, while LiAlH4 is more reactive (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the formation of a mixture of alkenes during dehydration of alcohols?

<p>The alkene products are highly substituted (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary limitation of Grignard reagents in forming alcohols?

<p>They have limitations in terms of the types of aldehydes and ketones they can react with (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of the Grignard reaction with aldehydes and ketones?

<p>Nucleophilic addition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond is formed during the reaction of a Grignard reagent with an aldehyde or ketone?

<p>C-C bond (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the electronic structure of a Grignard reagent?

<p>R-Mg-X, where R is an alkyl group and X is a halogen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the use of very dry ether in the formation of Grignard reagents?

<p>To prevent the reaction of the Grignard reagent with water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between the alkenes formed during dehydration of alcohols?

<p>The degree of substitution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the formation of a primary alcohol during the reaction of a Grignard reagent with formaldehyde?

<p>The reaction involves a nucleophilic addition mechanism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary limitation of aldehydes in reacting with Grignard reagents?

<p>They can only react with certain types of Grignard reagents (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the oxidation of primary alcohols to carboxylic acids?

<p>The formation of an aldehyde intermediate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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