Alcohols
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Questions and Answers

What is the main reason why alcohols up to pentanol are fully soluble in water?

  • The hydrophilic part of the molecules dominates (correct)
  • The hydrocarbon part of the molecules dominates
  • The alkene part of the molecules dominates
  • The hydrophobic part of the molecules dominates

    • Which method of forming alcohols leads to anti-Markovnikov alcohols?

  • Brute-force hydration
  • Oxymercuration
  • Hydroboration (correct)
  • Reduction of carbonyl compounds

    • What type of diol is formed by using OsO4?

  • Trans-diols
  • Anti-diols
  • Syn-diols (correct)
  • Cis-diols

    • What is the primary alcohol formed from?

    <p>Aldehyde reduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reducing agent is not strong enough to reduce alkene groups or benzene rings?

    <p>NaBH4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why even small alcohols are liquids?

    <p>Due to their ability to undergo hydrogen bonding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between the oxymercuration and hydroboration methods of hydration?

    <p>The stereochemistry of the product, with oxymercuration giving Markovnikov addition and hydroboration giving anti-Markovnikov addition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why higher alcohols are not highly soluble in water?

    <p>Due to the hydrophobic portion of the molecule taking over</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the reaction between an alkene and OsO4?

    <p>A cis diol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between the reducing agents NaBH4 and LiAlH4?

    <p>NaBH4 is more selective, while LiAlH4 is more reactive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the formation of a mixture of alkenes during dehydration of alcohols?

    <p>The alkene products are highly substituted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary limitation of Grignard reagents in forming alcohols?

    <p>They have limitations in terms of the types of aldehydes and ketones they can react with</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of the Grignard reaction with aldehydes and ketones?

    <p>Nucleophilic addition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bond is formed during the reaction of a Grignard reagent with an aldehyde or ketone?

    <p>C-C bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the electronic structure of a Grignard reagent?

    <p>R-Mg-X, where R is an alkyl group and X is a halogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the use of very dry ether in the formation of Grignard reagents?

    <p>To prevent the reaction of the Grignard reagent with water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between the alkenes formed during dehydration of alcohols?

    <p>The degree of substitution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the formation of a primary alcohol during the reaction of a Grignard reagent with formaldehyde?

    <p>The reaction involves a nucleophilic addition mechanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary limitation of aldehydes in reacting with Grignard reagents?

    <p>They can only react with certain types of Grignard reagents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the oxidation of primary alcohols to carboxylic acids?

    <p>The formation of an aldehyde intermediate</p> Signup and view all the answers

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