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Questions and Answers
What is the top speed of JR-Maglev trains?
574 km/h
Which country is known for its JR-Maglev trains?
Japan
What are the key components of the Segway transportation device?
Tilt and pressure sensors, microcontroller, motors, onboard power source
Which device can reduce the spread of germs by being hands-free and automatically turning off when not in use?
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The Phoenix Mars Lander has the ability to collect specimens and conduct onboard lab tests.
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Match the following actuators with their respective systems:
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What component is used in the Smoke Detector System for smart home applications?
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What is Mechatronics?
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Which elements are part of a Mechatronics System? (Select all that apply)
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Electromechanical elements ______ to sensors and actuators.
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Open loop control systems have a feedback loop.
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Match the following advantages with the correct control system type:
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What are some advantages of Closed Loop Control Systems?
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What are the sensors typically used in a computer-controlled greenhouse?
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What is a key advantage of using Computer (Automatic) control systems?
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Name one disadvantage of Mechatronics.
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Study Notes
Introduction to Mechatronics
- Mechatronics is the integration of mechanical engineering, electronics, and intelligent computer control in design and manufacture of products and processes.
Elements of Mechatronics System
- A mechatronics system consists of four main elements:
- Mechanical System: deals with mechanical mechanism structure, thermo-fluid, hydraulic aspects, and static/dynamic characteristics of mechanical elements.
- Electro-Mechanical System: includes sensors and actuators that measure physical variables and apply commanded actions on the physical process.
- Control Interface/Computing Hardware: refers to the hardware elements that allow communication between sensors and control computers, and the control computer and actuators.
- Computer: refers to the hardware and software used to perform tasks such as dynamic system analysis, optimization, design, and simulation.
Control System
- A control system is a group of devices used to control or regulate the functioning of other systems.
- Types of control systems:
- Open-loop control system: no feedback loop, controlling action is independent of the output of the system.
- Closed-loop control system: has a feedback loop, controlling action is dependent on the output of the system.
- Advantages and disadvantages of open-loop and closed-loop control systems.
Open-Loop Control System
- Examples: On/Off switch, digital camera, washing machine, traffic signals, bread toaster.
- Advantages: simple design, cheaper, easy maintenance, stable.
- Disadvantages: inaccurate, cannot correct output deviations automatically, affected by internal noise and parameter variation.
Closed-Loop Control System
- Examples: car drive, automatic sprinkler system.
- Advantages: accurate, corrects error, large bandwidth, facilitates automation, stable.
- Disadvantages: costly, complicated design, more maintenance, oscillatory response, reduced overall gain.
Comparison of Open-Loop and Closed-Loop Control Systems
- Open-loop control system: no feedback element, error detector absent, stable, easy to construct, economical, small bandwidth, inaccurate, less maintenance.
- Closed-loop control system: feedback element present, error detector present, unstable, complicated construction, costly, large bandwidth, accurate, more maintenance.
Classification of Control Systems
- Based on the connection of feedback:
- Open-loop control system
- Closed-loop control system
- Based on the control tool:
- Manual control system
- Computer (automatic) control system
Manual Control System
- Example: manual control system for regulating the level of fluid in a tank.
Computer (Automatic) Control System
- Example: computer-controlled system for regulating the level of fluid in a tank using sensors and actuators.
Applications of Mechatronics
- Manufacturing applications: CNC bending, CNC machining.
- Transportation applications: automobiles, high-speed trains, magnetic levitation.
- Space exploration applications: Phoenix Mars Lander's system.
- Medical applications: prosthetics.
- Defense applications: advanced technology for making soldiers safer.
- Sanitation applications: hands-free devices for reducing the spread of germs.
- Sports applications: running shoes that automatically change cushioning for different running styles and conditions.
- Smart home applications: automated systems for washing machines, smoke detectors, and power supply.
Assessment
- 100 marks for the course, divided into 50 marks for the final exam and 50 marks for quizzes and mid-term exams.
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Description
Introduction to Mechatronics, covering the basics of mechatronics systems, mechanical systems, and control integration. Learn about the fundamental elements of mechatronics and its applications.
