CH 9: Mechanisms of Reproductive Isolation
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Questions and Answers

What is a key purpose of the elaborate dances of birds of paradise?

  • To ensure mating with the correct partner (correct)
  • To scare away predators
  • To find food easily
  • To mark their territory

    • How can plant adaptation to different pollinators lead to speciation?

  • By attracting specific types of pollinators (correct)
  • By limiting the number of flowers
  • By decreasing genetic diversity
  • By preventing the plants from reproducing

    • What is a postzygotic barrier to reproduction?

  • Perfect compatibility in reproductive structures
  • Ease of hybrid offspring survival
  • Genetic similarity between the mating species
  • Infertility of the resulting hybrids (correct)

    • Which mechanism prevents fertilization between species due to differences in reproductive structures or gamete biochemistry?

    <p>Mechanical isolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can occur when one population of a flowering plant evolves to be best pollinated by bees, while another population of the same species adapts to pollination by hummingbirds?

    <p>They may become distinct species over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are mules like the one produced from mating a horse and a donkey typically infertile?

    <p>To maintain distinct species boundaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do isolation mechanisms in reproduction contribute to maintaining species uniqueness?

    <p>By acting as crucial barriers to gene flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can happen over time due to the accumulation of genetic differences between populations?

    <p>Facilitation of the speciation process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which example highlights prevention of fertilization due to incompatibilities in reproductive structures or gamete biochemistry?

    <p>Two different plant species unable to cross-pollinate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the diversity of reproductive strategies and barriers contribute to in terms of biodiversity?

    <p>Richness and uniqueness of biodiversity on Earth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of reproductive isolation?

    <p>To maintain the genetic integrity and distinctiveness of species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does breeding at different times of the year contribute to reproductive isolation?

    <p>It reduces gene flow by preventing interbreeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of temporal reproductive isolation mentioned in the text?

    <p>Two species of frogs breeding in the same pond at different times</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is species-specific courtship behavior?

    <p>Unique behavioral patterns exhibited during mating rituals within a species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does species-specific courtship behavior contribute to reproductive isolation?

    <p>It ensures that members of a species mate only with each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is maintaining genetic distinctiveness important for species?

    <p>To contribute to biodiversity and ecosystem complexity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when two species breed at different times of the year?

    <p>Decreased gene flow between the species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does temporal separation contribute to reproductive isolation?

    <p>It decreases the chances of hybridization between species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key function of mechanisms of reproductive isolation?

    <p>To ensure that each species remains separate and genetically distinct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might two frog species inhabiting the same pond not interbreed according to the text?

    <p>They perform distinct courtship behaviors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of reproductive isolation?

    <p>To maintain the genetic integrity and distinctiveness of species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is species-specific courtship behavior important for reproductive isolation?

    <p>It ensures only individuals of the same species mate with each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scenario represents a form of temporal reproductive isolation?

    <p>Two species of insects living in the same area but mating during different seasons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does breeding at different times of the year contribute to reproductive isolation?

    <p>By preventing interbreeding due to temporal differences in mating periods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does species-specific courtship behavior play in reproductive isolation?

    <p>Ensuring members of a species mate only with each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might two frog species inhabiting the same pond not interbreed?

    <p>One species breeds in spring and the other in fall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be achieved through temporal reproductive isolation?

    <p>Maintaining genetic distinctiveness between populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do mechanisms of reproductive isolation contribute to biodiversity?

    <p>By maintaining genetic distinctiveness and complexity of ecosystems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if two species share the same area but exhibit species-specific courtship behavior?

    <p>Interbreeding will be limited as only members of the same species can interpret mating signals correctly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reproductive barrier is exemplified by infertile offspring like mules?

    <p>Postzygotic barrier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do plant populations adapting to different pollinators contribute to speciation?

    <p>By promoting genetic divergence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of incompatibility can prevent fertilization between different species?

    <p>Mechanical incompatibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the dances of birds of paradise contribute to reproductive isolation?

    <p>By promoting species-specific mating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the prevention of fertilization between species help in maintaining?

    <p>Genetic distinctiveness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is an example of mechanical isolation mentioned in the text?

    <p>Differences in genital morphology preventing fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are offspring resulting from the mating of two different species often infertile?

    <p>To prevent gene flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does genetic divergence contribute to the formation of new species?

    <p>By establishing reproductive isolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key outcome of the accumulation of genetic differences between populations?

    <p>Speciation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do mechanisms of reproductive isolation play in maintaining unique genetic identities?

    <p>Preventing interbreeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of infertile offspring as a postzygotic barrier?

    <p>Ensure distinct gene pools between species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of reproductive isolation, what role does mechanical isolation play?

    <p>Prevent gene flow between populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why can prevention of fertilization be considered a crucial mechanism for maintaining species boundaries?

    <p>It ensures unique genetic identities of species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do plant adaptations to different pollinators contribute to speciation?

    <p>By creating reproductive barriers between populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the role of genetic divergence in the formation of new species?

    <p>It accelerates the formation of new species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for species-specific courtship behavior to be maintained over time?

    <p>To reinforce reproductive isolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significant outcome of the accumulation of genetic differences between populations over time?

    <p>Facilitated formation of new species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can occur if two different species with incompatible gametes attempt to reproduce?

    <p>Gametic incompatibility halting fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do mechanisms of reproductive isolation contribute to biodiversity?

    <p>By maintaining unique genetic identities among species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism of reproductive isolation is exemplified by two species of frogs that inhabit the same pond but breed during different seasons?

    <p>Temporal isolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does species-specific courtship behavior contribute to reproductive isolation?

    <p>By ensuring that members of a species can correctly respond to and mate only with their own kind.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reproductive isolation involves unique behavioral patterns exhibited during mating rituals?

    <p>Behavioral isolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does temporal reproductive isolation impact gene flow between species?

    <p>It eliminates gene flow by preventing simultaneous breeding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key function of mechanisms of reproductive isolation in the process of speciation?

    <p>To maintain genetic integrity and distinctiveness of species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do species-specific courtship behaviors contribute to maintaining the genetic distinctiveness of species?

    <p>By preventing interbreeding with individuals from other species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of breeding at different times of the year as a form of reproductive isolation?

    <p>To prevent interbreeding between species in the same area.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for individuals of a species to correctly respond to unique courtship behaviors during mating rituals?

    <p>To prevent hybridization with individuals outside the species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be achieved through temporal separation in breeding times between different species?

    <p>Maintenance of genetic distinctiveness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which form of reproductive isolation involves specific calls, dances, or behaviors recognizable only to the same species during mating rituals?

    <p>Behavioral isolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

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