CH 9: Mechanisms of Reproductive Isolation
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Questions and Answers

What is a key purpose of the elaborate dances of birds of paradise?

  • To ensure mating with the correct partner (correct)
  • To scare away predators
  • To find food easily
  • To mark their territory

How can plant adaptation to different pollinators lead to speciation?

  • By attracting specific types of pollinators (correct)
  • By limiting the number of flowers
  • By decreasing genetic diversity
  • By preventing the plants from reproducing

What is a postzygotic barrier to reproduction?

  • Perfect compatibility in reproductive structures
  • Ease of hybrid offspring survival
  • Genetic similarity between the mating species
  • Infertility of the resulting hybrids (correct)

Which mechanism prevents fertilization between species due to differences in reproductive structures or gamete biochemistry?

<p>Mechanical isolation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can occur when one population of a flowering plant evolves to be best pollinated by bees, while another population of the same species adapts to pollination by hummingbirds?

<p>They may become distinct species over time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are mules like the one produced from mating a horse and a donkey typically infertile?

<p>To maintain distinct species boundaries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do isolation mechanisms in reproduction contribute to maintaining species uniqueness?

<p>By acting as crucial barriers to gene flow (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can happen over time due to the accumulation of genetic differences between populations?

<p>Facilitation of the speciation process (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which example highlights prevention of fertilization due to incompatibilities in reproductive structures or gamete biochemistry?

<p>Two different plant species unable to cross-pollinate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the diversity of reproductive strategies and barriers contribute to in terms of biodiversity?

<p>Richness and uniqueness of biodiversity on Earth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of reproductive isolation?

<p>To maintain the genetic integrity and distinctiveness of species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does breeding at different times of the year contribute to reproductive isolation?

<p>It reduces gene flow by preventing interbreeding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of temporal reproductive isolation mentioned in the text?

<p>Two species of frogs breeding in the same pond at different times (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is species-specific courtship behavior?

<p>Unique behavioral patterns exhibited during mating rituals within a species (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does species-specific courtship behavior contribute to reproductive isolation?

<p>It ensures that members of a species mate only with each other (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is maintaining genetic distinctiveness important for species?

<p>To contribute to biodiversity and ecosystem complexity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when two species breed at different times of the year?

<p>Decreased gene flow between the species (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does temporal separation contribute to reproductive isolation?

<p>It decreases the chances of hybridization between species (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key function of mechanisms of reproductive isolation?

<p>To ensure that each species remains separate and genetically distinct (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might two frog species inhabiting the same pond not interbreed according to the text?

<p>They perform distinct courtship behaviors. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of reproductive isolation?

<p>To maintain the genetic integrity and distinctiveness of species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is species-specific courtship behavior important for reproductive isolation?

<p>It ensures only individuals of the same species mate with each other (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario represents a form of temporal reproductive isolation?

<p>Two species of insects living in the same area but mating during different seasons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does breeding at different times of the year contribute to reproductive isolation?

<p>By preventing interbreeding due to temporal differences in mating periods (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does species-specific courtship behavior play in reproductive isolation?

<p>Ensuring members of a species mate only with each other (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might two frog species inhabiting the same pond not interbreed?

<p>One species breeds in spring and the other in fall (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be achieved through temporal reproductive isolation?

<p>Maintaining genetic distinctiveness between populations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do mechanisms of reproductive isolation contribute to biodiversity?

<p>By maintaining genetic distinctiveness and complexity of ecosystems (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if two species share the same area but exhibit species-specific courtship behavior?

<p>Interbreeding will be limited as only members of the same species can interpret mating signals correctly (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of reproductive barrier is exemplified by infertile offspring like mules?

<p>Postzygotic barrier (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do plant populations adapting to different pollinators contribute to speciation?

<p>By promoting genetic divergence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of incompatibility can prevent fertilization between different species?

<p>Mechanical incompatibility (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the dances of birds of paradise contribute to reproductive isolation?

<p>By promoting species-specific mating (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the prevention of fertilization between species help in maintaining?

<p>Genetic distinctiveness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is an example of mechanical isolation mentioned in the text?

<p>Differences in genital morphology preventing fertilization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are offspring resulting from the mating of two different species often infertile?

<p>To prevent gene flow (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does genetic divergence contribute to the formation of new species?

<p>By establishing reproductive isolation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key outcome of the accumulation of genetic differences between populations?

<p>Speciation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do mechanisms of reproductive isolation play in maintaining unique genetic identities?

<p>Preventing interbreeding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of infertile offspring as a postzygotic barrier?

<p>Ensure distinct gene pools between species (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of reproductive isolation, what role does mechanical isolation play?

<p>Prevent gene flow between populations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why can prevention of fertilization be considered a crucial mechanism for maintaining species boundaries?

<p>It ensures unique genetic identities of species (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do plant adaptations to different pollinators contribute to speciation?

<p>By creating reproductive barriers between populations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the role of genetic divergence in the formation of new species?

<p>It accelerates the formation of new species (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for species-specific courtship behavior to be maintained over time?

<p>To reinforce reproductive isolation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significant outcome of the accumulation of genetic differences between populations over time?

<p>Facilitated formation of new species (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can occur if two different species with incompatible gametes attempt to reproduce?

<p>Gametic incompatibility halting fertilization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do mechanisms of reproductive isolation contribute to biodiversity?

<p>By maintaining unique genetic identities among species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mechanism of reproductive isolation is exemplified by two species of frogs that inhabit the same pond but breed during different seasons?

<p>Temporal isolation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does species-specific courtship behavior contribute to reproductive isolation?

<p>By ensuring that members of a species can correctly respond to and mate only with their own kind. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of reproductive isolation involves unique behavioral patterns exhibited during mating rituals?

<p>Behavioral isolation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does temporal reproductive isolation impact gene flow between species?

<p>It eliminates gene flow by preventing simultaneous breeding. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key function of mechanisms of reproductive isolation in the process of speciation?

<p>To maintain genetic integrity and distinctiveness of species. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do species-specific courtship behaviors contribute to maintaining the genetic distinctiveness of species?

<p>By preventing interbreeding with individuals from other species. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of breeding at different times of the year as a form of reproductive isolation?

<p>To prevent interbreeding between species in the same area. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for individuals of a species to correctly respond to unique courtship behaviors during mating rituals?

<p>To prevent hybridization with individuals outside the species. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be achieved through temporal separation in breeding times between different species?

<p>Maintenance of genetic distinctiveness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which form of reproductive isolation involves specific calls, dances, or behaviors recognizable only to the same species during mating rituals?

<p>Behavioral isolation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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