18 Questions
What is the main mechanism proposed by Darwin for evolution?
Natural selection
Which of the following is an important feature of Darwin's theory of natural selection related to variation?
Variation should be genetic
What is an adaptation according to Darwin's theory of natural selection?
A heritable trait that improves survival and reproduction
What type of evolution occurs when two species evolve in different directions from a common point?
Divergent evolution
Which type of structures are similar in function and appearance, but do not share a common ancestor?
Analogous structures
What is necessary for natural selection to produce evolutionary change in a population?
Individuals with certain inherited characteristics producing more surviving offspring
According to Lamarck's theory, what was the mechanism for evolutionary change?
The use or disuse of characteristics during an organism's lifetime, which were then passed on to offspring
What assumption did Lamarck make about the existence of simple and complex organisms?
Simple organisms were continually created through spontaneous generation
What was the key difference between Lamarck's theory and the theory of natural selection proposed by Darwin and Wallace?
All of the above
What was the mechanism proposed by Darwin and Wallace for evolutionary change?
Random genetic variations and the process of natural selection
What did Darwin and Wallace observe during their travels that led to their theory of natural selection?
Similar patterns of variation and adaptation in different organisms
According to Lamarck's theory, what would happen to a characteristic that is not used by an organism?
It would eventually disappear or become smaller
Which of the following is NOT a requirement for natural selection to occur?
Individuals with favorable traits must outcompete those with less favorable traits
Which of the following is a mechanism for evolutionary change in a population, as described in the text?
Genetic drift
What are the two parts of the process of speciation?
Initially identical populations must diverge, and reproductive isolation must evolve to maintain these differences
What is the key difference between artificial selection and natural selection, as described in the text?
The breeder selects for desired characteristics in artificial selection, while environmental conditions determine which individuals produce the most offspring in natural selection
Which of the following is NOT a requirement for natural selection to lead to evolutionary change, according to the text?
Individuals with favorable traits must outcompete those with less favorable traits
Which of the following is a key difference between artificial selection and natural selection?
Artificial selection is driven by human preferences, while natural selection is driven by environmental conditions
Explore the different forms of selection influencing evolutionary change in a population, including artificial selection where breeders choose desired traits, and natural selection driven by environmental conditions. Delve into how phenotype and behavior impact the reproductive success of individuals, as highlighted by Darwin.
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