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Mechanism of Analgesia: Opioids and Pain Management

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Mechanism of Analgesia: Opioids and Pain Management

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Questions and Answers

What is a mechanism of analgesia for opioids?

Direct activation of pain receptors

Inhibition of dorsal horn pain transmission neurons (correct)

Enhancement of endogenous opioids

Stimulation of release of excitatory neurotransmitters

What is a common side effect of opioid use in the gastrointestinal system?

Increased appetite

Constipation (correct)

Diarrhea

Abdominal pain

What is the main advantage of using topical analgesics?

Avoidance of systemic side effects (correct)

Ability to treat widespread pain

Reduced risk of addiction

Improved efficacy in treating chronic pain

What is the primary mechanism of action of capsaicin?

Depletion of substance P from primary afferent neurons Signup and view all the answers

Why do patients often discontinue antidepressant medications for pain management?

The side effects occur early Signup and view all the answers

What is a common effect of opioids on the skin?

Flushing and sweating due to histamine release Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes nociceptive pain from neuropathic pain?

Primary lesion or disease in the somatosensory nervous system Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of failure to adequately manage pain?

Deleterious changes in psychological state Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of acetaminophen in pain management?

Weak COX-1 & COX-2 inhibitor Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of pain based on physiologic basis?

Nociceptive, neuropathic, inflammatory Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of pain on physiological function?

Autonomic hyperreactivity Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the pain management ladder?

To provide a step-by-step approach to pain management Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of antidepressants in pain management?

Inhibiting the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin in the spinal cord Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antidepressants is useful in painful diabetic neuropathy?

Duloxetine Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of gabapentin and pregabalin in pain management?

Selectively binding to the α2-δ-subunit protein of the calcium channels Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication for carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine in pain management?

Trigeminal neuralgia Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common side effect of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) in pain management?

Urine retention Signup and view all the answers

What is the usual dose range of amitriptylline used in pain management?

25-100mg Signup and view all the answers