Mechanism of Action of Steroid Hormones
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Questions and Answers

What is the location of the receptors for steroid hormones?

  • Endoplasmic reticulum
  • Cytoplasm (correct)
  • Nucleus
  • Mitochondria
  • How do steroid hormones initiate protein synthesis?

  • Forming hormone-receptor complexes that bind to mRNA (correct)
  • Directly binding to ribosomes in the cytoplasm
  • Binding to DNA causing enzyme synthesis
  • Activating protein kinase enzymes
  • Which type of hormones combine with their specific receptors inside the nucleus?

  • Epinephrine
  • Hypothalamic hormones
  • Thyroid hormones (correct)
  • Steroid hormones
  • Which system involves the formation of hormone-receptor complexes that move to the nucleus?

    <p>Steroid hormones mechanism of action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of thyroid hormones when they bind to DNA in the nucleus?

    <p>Increase or decrease enzyme synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How may hormone secretion be influenced by factors such as epinephrine?

    <p>Stimulated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the cAMP system in the mechanism of action of protein and polypeptide hormones?

    <p>cAMP diffuses through the cell and affects the transport system or enzyme activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the calcium-calmodulin system in the mechanism of action of protein and polypeptide hormones?

    <p>Calcium-calmodulin complex increases or decreases various enzyme activities inside the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the membrane phospholipids system in the mechanism of action of protein and polypeptide hormones?

    <p>Membrane phospholipids are broken down into diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol triphosphate (IP3), which act as second messengers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do steroid hormones differ in their mechanism of action compared to protein and polypeptide hormones?

    <p>Steroid hormones directly activate or inactivate enzymes, while protein and polypeptide hormones use second messengers to affect enzyme activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key difference between the mechanism of action of steroid hormones and protein/polypeptide hormones?

    <p>Steroid hormones directly affect enzyme activity, while protein/polypeptide hormones use second messengers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common feature of the second messenger systems used by protein and polypeptide hormones?

    <p>They all involve the generation of small molecules that can diffuse within the cell and regulate various cellular processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the end result of a hormone's action on its target cells?

    <p>Change in the rate of performing specific activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of hormones are derived from cholesterol?

    <p>Steroid hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system involves the activation of cAMP as a second messenger?

    <p>cAMP system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of steroid hormones in the body?

    <p>Directly entering target cells to affect gene expression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of hormones act by binding to intracellular receptors and directly influencing gene expression?

    <p>Steroid hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which mechanism of action do hormones utilize calcium-calmodulin complex to exert their effects?

    <p>Calcium-calmodulin system</p> Signup and view all the answers

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