16 Questions
What is the primary mechanism through which currently used anaesthetics are believed to act?
Enhancement of GABAA receptor function
How do anaesthetics differ from sedative-hypnotics like benzodiazepines in terms of molecular targets?
Anaesthetics target different sites than benzodiazepines
What effect do high concentrations of anaesthetics have on the central nervous system?
Generalized depression of CNS function
How do benzodiazepines interact with the GABAA receptor?
Enhance the function of the GABAA receptor
What do anaesthetics mainly cause in thalamocortical and limbic pathways?
Loss of consciousness
At low doses, what effect do anaesthetics primarily have on arousal and awareness?
Inhibit arousal and awareness
What effect does prolonged exposure to diazepam have on the alpha subunit?
Uncouples it from the effects of benzodiazepine
Which anesthetic affects GABA type receptors but has unclear mechanism of action?
Propofol
How do anesthetics like halothane and enflurane inhibit glutamate release?
By decreasing action potential-evoked Ca2+ dependent release
Which anesthetic enhances the inhibitory effects of GABA at its receptor?
Isoflurane
What effect does ketamine have on NMDA receptors?
Inhibits their function
Why is ketamine considered valuable in modern medicine?
For its range of NMDA receptor-mediated effects
How do anesthetics like halothane and enflurane impact synaptic transmission?
By inhibiting the release of glutamate
What role do anesthetics play in synaptic transmission?
Modulating GABAergic transmission
What is a potential use of ketamine in adult therapy?
For treating schizophrenia symptoms
How do benzodiazepines affect the GABAA receptor complex?
They increase GABA's affinity for its receptor
Explore the mechanism of action of anaesthetics and how they affect the central nervous system at different doses. Learn about the various effects ranging from inhibition of arousal and awareness to unconsciousness and amnesia, as well as the potential risks associated with high doses.
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