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Mechanism of Action of Anaesthetics

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mechanism through which currently used anaesthetics are believed to act?

Enhancement of GABAA receptor function (correct)

Inhibition of GABAA receptors

Activation of thalamocortical pathways

Enhancement of excitatory pathways in the brain

How do anaesthetics differ from sedative-hypnotics like benzodiazepines in terms of molecular targets?

Anaesthetics target GABAA receptors, while benzodiazepines target excitatory pathways

They both target inhibitory pathways

They target the same molecular sites

Anaesthetics target different sites than benzodiazepines (correct)

What effect do high concentrations of anaesthetics have on the central nervous system?

Increased protective airway reflexes

Stimulation of cardiovascular function

Enhancement of arousal and awareness

Generalized depression of CNS function (correct)

How do benzodiazepines interact with the GABAA receptor?

Enhance the function of the GABAA receptor Signup and view all the answers

What do anaesthetics mainly cause in thalamocortical and limbic pathways?

Loss of consciousness Signup and view all the answers

At low doses, what effect do anaesthetics primarily have on arousal and awareness?

Inhibit arousal and awareness Signup and view all the answers

What effect does prolonged exposure to diazepam have on the alpha subunit?

Uncouples it from the effects of benzodiazepine Signup and view all the answers

Which anesthetic affects GABA type receptors but has unclear mechanism of action?

Propofol Signup and view all the answers

How do anesthetics like halothane and enflurane inhibit glutamate release?

By decreasing action potential-evoked Ca2+ dependent release Signup and view all the answers

Which anesthetic enhances the inhibitory effects of GABA at its receptor?

Isoflurane Signup and view all the answers

What effect does ketamine have on NMDA receptors?

Inhibits their function Signup and view all the answers

Why is ketamine considered valuable in modern medicine?

For its range of NMDA receptor-mediated effects Signup and view all the answers

How do anesthetics like halothane and enflurane impact synaptic transmission?

By inhibiting the release of glutamate Signup and view all the answers

What role do anesthetics play in synaptic transmission?

Modulating GABAergic transmission Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential use of ketamine in adult therapy?

For treating schizophrenia symptoms Signup and view all the answers

How do benzodiazepines affect the GABAA receptor complex?

They increase GABA's affinity for its receptor Signup and view all the answers