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Questions and Answers
Define velocity.
Define velocity.
Velocity is the rate of change of an object's position with respect to time, including direction.
Define acceleration.
Define acceleration.
Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity with respect to time.
Give an example of velocity.
Give an example of velocity.
30 m/s to the east.
Give an example of acceleration.
Give an example of acceleration.
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What are kinematic equations?
What are kinematic equations?
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What is the SI unit for force?
What is the SI unit for force?
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What is the SI unit for energy?
What is the SI unit for energy?
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What is the SI unit for pressure?
What is the SI unit for pressure?
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What is the SI unit for power?
What is the SI unit for power?
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What is the SI unit for electric charge?
What is the SI unit for electric charge?
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List three things you know about physical quantities.
List three things you know about physical quantities.
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What is the formula for speed?
What is the formula for speed?
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Calculate the speed if the distance is 7m and the time is 10s.
Calculate the speed if the distance is 7m and the time is 10s.
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Calculate the velocity if the displacement is 5m and the time is 10s.
Calculate the velocity if the displacement is 5m and the time is 10s.
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Study Notes
Definitions of Key Terms
- Velocity: The rate of change of displacement, indicating both speed and direction.
- Acceleration: The rate of change of velocity over time; can be positive (speeding up) or negative (slowing down).
Physical Quantities
- Physical quantities are classified into base quantities (fundamental, e.g., mass, length, time) and derived quantities (obtained from base quantities, e.g., speed, force).
- Examples include:
- Base Quantity: Mass (kilogram)
- Derived Quantity: Speed (meters per second)
Kinematic Equations
- Kinematic equations relate displacement, initial velocity, final velocity, acceleration, and time for uniformly accelerated motion.
International System of Units (SI)
- Base Units: Fundamental units like meter (m), kilogram (kg), second (s).
-
Derived Units: Combinations of base units. Examples include:
- Newton (N): kg·m/s²
- Joule (J): kg·m²/s²
- Pascal (Pa): kg/(m·s²)
- Watt (W): kg·m²/s³
- Coulomb (C): A·s
Motion and Graphs
- Understand the distinction between distance (total path length) and displacement (change in position).
- Speed is a scalar quantity (magnitude only), while velocity is a vector quantity (magnitude and direction).
Calculating Speed and Velocity
- Speed Calculation: Speed = Distance / Time
- Example: Distance = 7m, Time = 10s → Speed = 7/10 = 0.7 m/s
- Velocity Calculation: Velocity = Displacement / Time
- Example: Displacement = 5m, Time = 10s → Velocity = 5/10 = 0.5 m/s
Equations of Motion
- The four main equations for uniformly accelerated motion involve solving for final velocity, initial velocity, acceleration, time, and displacement.
- Example Problem:
- A car accelerates from rest at 4.2 m/s² for 6.5 seconds:
- Final Speed Calculation: Use final velocity formula
- Distance Calculation: Use displacement formula
- A car accelerates from rest at 4.2 m/s² for 6.5 seconds:
Learning Objectives and Success Criteria
- Distinguish between base and derived quantities.
- Draw and interpret displacement-time, velocity-time, and acceleration-time graphs.
- Apply equations of motion to solve problems for uniformly accelerated motion in one dimension.
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Description
This quiz focuses on the fundamental concepts of mechanics, including definitions of velocity and acceleration. You will also reflect on your knowledge of physical quantities and differentiate between base and derived quantities. Test your understanding and reinforce your learning of these key physics concepts.
