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Material Science_Mechanical Properties
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Material Science_Mechanical Properties

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of selecting a material with a large elastic modulus?

  • To increase toughness
  • To reduce ductility
  • To increase plastic behavior
  • To minimize deformation (correct)
  • What type of deformation occurs when the tensile stress reaches sy?

  • Torsional deformation
  • Elastic behavior
  • Ductility
  • Plastic behavior (correct)
  • What is the unit of measurement for toughness?

  • N/m
  • J/m^3 (correct)
  • MPa
  • Pa
  • What is the relationship between stress and strain in elastic behavior?

    <p>Linear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of ductility?

    <p>The plastic strain at failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the value of the tensile strength (TS) of the given 1045 plain carbon steel?

    <p>565 MPa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition for bi-axial tension in a stress state?

    <p>sx &gt; 0 and sz &gt; 0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for engineering strain in the case of tensile strain?

    <p>e = d / Lo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of strain?

    <p>dimensionless</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an extensometer in a stress-strain testing machine?

    <p>To measure the deformation of the specimen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of strain that occurs when a specimen is subjected to a torque?

    <p>Shear strain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition for hydrostatic compression in a stress state?

    <p>sx &lt; 0 and sz &lt; 0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for shear strain in terms of the angle of deformation?

    <p>g = tan q</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a stress-strain testing machine?

    <p>To determine the stress-strain relationship of a material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the units of stress?

    <p>N/m2 or lbf/in2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of stress occurs when a force is applied tangentially to the surface of a material?

    <p>Shear stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for calculating tensile stress in a material?

    <p>s = F/Ao</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of deformation occurs when a material is subjected to a stress that exceeds its elastic limit?

    <p>Plastic deformation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for calculating shear stress in a material?

    <p>t = M/AcR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of stress occurs when a material is subjected to a compressive force?

    <p>Compressive stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between stress and strain in a material?

    <p>Stress is directly proportional to strain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of deformation occurs when a material is subjected to a twisting force?

    <p>Torsional deformation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Types of Stress

    • Bi-axial tension: occurs in pressurized tanks, where both sq and sz are greater than 0
    • Hydrostatic compression: occurs in fish under water, where sh is less than 0

    Engineering Strain

    • Tensile strain: e = ΔL / Lo, where e is the strain, ΔL is the change in length, and Lo is the original length
    • Lateral strain: eL = -ΔL / Lo
    • Shear strain: γ = Δx / y = tan(90° - q), where γ is the shear strain, Δx is the change in distance, and y is the original distance

    Stress-Strain Testing

    • Typical tensile test machine: consists of an extensometer and a specimen
    • Typical tensile specimen: has a working load of 220,000 N, a yield strength of 310 MPa, and an ultimate tensile strength of 565 MPa

    Stress and Strain

    • Stress and strain are size-independent measures of load and displacement
    • Elastic behavior: reversible behavior often shows a linear relation between stress and strain
    • Plastic behavior: permanent deformation occurs when the tensile (or compressive) uniaxial stress reaches the yield strength (sy)

    Material Properties

    • Toughness: the energy needed to break a unit volume of material
    • Ductility: the plastic strain at failure

    Types of Stress and Strain

    • Tensile stress: s = Ft / Ao, where s is the tensile stress, Ft is the force, and Ao is the original area
    • Shear stress: t = Ft / Ao, where t is the shear stress, Ft is the force, and Ao is the original area
    • Linear elastic behavior: occurs when stress is proportional to strain
    • Plastic behavior: occurs when the stress-strain curve is non-linear

    Common States of Stress

    • Simple tension: occurs in cables, where F is the force and Ao is the cross-sectional area
    • Torsion (a form of shear): occurs in drive shafts, where M is the moment, Ac is the cross-sectional area, and R is the radius
    • Simple compression: occurs in structures, where F is the force and Ao is the cross-sectional area

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    Related Documents

    Mechanical-Properties.pdf

    Description

    This quiz covers other common stress states, including bi-axial tension and hydrostatic compression, with examples of pressurized tanks and fish under water. It also touches on engineering strain and tensile strain.

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