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Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of kinematics in the study of motion?
What is the primary focus of kinematics in the study of motion?
- The relationship between forces and motion
- The description of position, velocity, and acceleration of objects (correct)
- The transfer of energy from one object to another
- The attractive force between objects
Which of the following equations of motion is used to calculate the velocity of an object?
Which of the following equations of motion is used to calculate the velocity of an object?
- v = u + at
- v = Δx / t (correct)
- a = Δv / t
- F = ma
What is the physical quantity that is defined as the rate of change of velocity?
What is the physical quantity that is defined as the rate of change of velocity?
- Force
- Displacement
- Acceleration (correct)
- Velocity
What is the name of the law that states that every action has an equal and opposite reaction?
What is the name of the law that states that every action has an equal and opposite reaction?
What is the type of force that opposes motion between two surfaces in contact?
What is the type of force that opposes motion between two surfaces in contact?
What is the equation that relates the work done on an object to its change in kinetic energy?
What is the equation that relates the work done on an object to its change in kinetic energy?
What is the unit of measurement for forces?
What is the unit of measurement for forces?
Which type of force is responsible for attracting two objects with mass towards each other?
Which type of force is responsible for attracting two objects with mass towards each other?
What is the term for the shortest distance between the initial and final positions of an object?
What is the term for the shortest distance between the initial and final positions of an object?
Which of Newton's laws states that an object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will continue to move with a constant velocity, unless acted upon by an external force?
Which of Newton's laws states that an object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will continue to move with a constant velocity, unless acted upon by an external force?
What is the term for the rate of change of distance with respect to time?
What is the term for the rate of change of distance with respect to time?
Which type of motion involves motion in a circular path?
Which type of motion involves motion in a circular path?
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Study Notes
Mechanics
Kinematics
- Study of motion without considering forces
- Describes the position, velocity, and acceleration of objects
- Key concepts:
- Displacement (Δx): change in position
- Velocity (v): rate of change of displacement
- Acceleration (a): rate of change of velocity
- Time (t): measure of duration
- Equations of motion:
- v = Δx / t
- a = Δv / t
- v = u + at
- s = ut + 0.5at^2
Dynamics
- Study of motion considering forces
- Describes the relationship between forces and motion
- Key concepts:
- Force (F): push or pull that causes motion
- Newton's Laws of Motion:
- First Law (Inertia): objects at rest stay at rest, objects in motion stay in motion
- Second Law (F = ma): force equals mass times acceleration
- Third Law (Action-Reaction): every action has an equal and opposite reaction
- Types of forces:
- Gravity (Fg): attractive force between objects
- Friction (Ff): resistive force opposing motion
- Normal force (Fn): force exerted by a surface
- Tension (T): force exerted by a stretched string
Energy and Work
- Energy: ability to do work
- Work (W): transfer of energy from one object to another
- Types of energy:
- Kinetic energy (K): energy of motion
- Potential energy (U): energy of position or configuration
- Total mechanical energy (E): sum of kinetic and potential energy
- Work-energy theorem: W = ΔK = (mgh)
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