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Questions and Answers
Механиктэй хөдөлмөрийн хүрдэт энерги нь хөдөлмөрийн энерги юм.
True
Динамикт хөдөлмөрийн хүрдэт энерги нь хөдөлмөрийн энерги юм.
False
Ньютоны хоёрдугаар хуульд F = mv гэж тэмдэглэгдэнэ.
False
Өнгөрөгч энерги гэдэг нь дураар энерги болно.
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Термодинамикийн нэгдүгээр хуульд энерги үүсэх боломжтой гэж тэмдэглэгдэнэ.
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Термодинамикийн гуравдугаар хуульд Т 0 К болон энтропи зэрэгждэг гэж тэмдэглэгдэнэ.
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Хөдөлмөрийн хүрдэт энерги нь дураар энерги юм.
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Термодинамикийн хоёрдугаар хуульд нийт энтропи унасан болно.
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Механиктэй хөдөлмөрийн хүрдэт энерги нь хөдөлмөрийн энерги юм.
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Ньютоны нэгдүгээр хуульд хөдөлмөр нь хөдөлмөрийн хүрдэт энергиээр тодорхойлогдож байна.
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Термодинамикийн гуравдугаар хуульд температур нь абсолют тэг болно.
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Изобарик процессд давхар байна.
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Study Notes
Mechanics
Kinematics
- Study of motion without considering forces
- Key concepts:
- Displacement (Δx): change in position
- Velocity (v): rate of change of displacement
- Acceleration (a): rate of change of velocity
- Time (t)
- Equations of motion:
- v = Δx / t
- a = Δv / t
- v^2 = v0^2 + 2as
Dynamics
- Study of motion considering forces
- Newton's laws:
- First law (inertia): an object at rest remains at rest, and an object in motion remains in motion, unless acted upon by an external force
- Second law (force and acceleration): F = ma
- Third law (action and reaction): every action has an equal and opposite reaction
- Types of forces:
- Contact forces (friction, normal, tension)
- Non-contact forces (gravity, electromagnetic)
Energy
- Types of energy:
- Kinetic energy (KE): energy of motion
- Potential energy (PE): energy of position or stored energy
- Conservation of energy: total energy remains constant in a closed system
Thermodynamics
Basic Concepts
- Temperature (T): measure of thermal energy
- Internal energy (U): total energy of a system
- Heat (Q): energy transferred due to temperature difference
- Work (W): energy transferred due to force and displacement
Laws of Thermodynamics
- Zeroth law: if two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third system, they are also in thermal equilibrium with each other
- First law: energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted (ΔU = Q - W)
- Second law: total entropy (S) of a closed system always increases or remains constant
- Third law: as T approaches 0 K, the entropy of a system approaches a minimum value
Thermodynamic Systems
- Isolated system: no energy or matter exchange with surroundings
- Closed system: energy exchange allowed, but no matter exchange
- Open system: both energy and matter exchange allowed
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Description
Test your understanding of mechanics and thermodynamics concepts, including kinematics, dynamics, energy, and thermodynamic laws.
