Mechanical Ventilation Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of mechanical ventilation?

  • To improve patient comfort
  • To oxygenate and ventilate the patient (correct)
  • To fully sedate the patient
  • To minimize lung injury

Which condition is characterized by the collapse of alveoli?

  • Pneumothorax
  • Atelectasis (correct)
  • Ventilator Associated Pneumonia
  • Barotrauma

Which factor should be adjusted to help improve hypooxygenation in a patient on a ventilator?

  • Increase FiO2 (correct)
  • Decrease PEEP
  • Decrease respiratory rate
  • Reduce tidal volume

What does Auto-PEEP indicate in a ventilated patient?

<p>Trapped air in the lungs due to incomplete exhalation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For an adult, what is the maximum recommended Plateaus Pressure (Pplat) during mechanical ventilation?

<p>30 cmH2O (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mode of ventilation allows the ventilator to assist the patient but still permits spontaneous breathing?

<p>Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which complication is associated with the increase of free radicals during mechanical ventilation?

<p>Oxygen Toxicity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Positive End Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) during mechanical ventilation?

<p>To prevent alveolar collapse during expiration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a pediatric patient, what is the ideal body weight calculation for a child older than 8 years?

<p>3 x Age (years) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a risk factor for Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP)?

<p>Prolonged mechanical ventilation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of chemoreceptors in the respiratory system?

<p>To monitor O2, CO2, and H+ levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is NOT part of the upper airway?

<p>Larynx (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does lung compliance refer to in ventilator management?

<p>The stretchability of lung tissue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does resistance in the respiratory system affect airflow?

<p>It is inversely proportional to flow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of dead space refers to larger conducting airways that do not participate in gas exchange?

<p>Anatomical dead space (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the ventilation/perfusion ratio (V/Q) assess in the lungs?

<p>Balance between air movement and blood flow (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fick's Law states that diffusion is directly proportional to which factors?

<p>Partial pressure difference and surface area (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Oxygenation primarily refers to which of the following processes?

<p>The delivery of oxygen to tissues (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of the medulla and pons in respiration?

<p>They regulate the rate and depth of breathing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about mechanical dead space is true?

<p>It refers to the ventilator circuit and adjuncts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Mechanical Ventilation Goal

To oxygenate and ventilate the patient

Atelectasis

Collapse of alveoli

Improve Hypooxygenation

Increase FiO2 (inspired oxygen)

Auto-PEEP

Trapped air due to incomplete exhalation

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Max Pplat (adult)

30 cmH2O

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SIMV

Ventilator assists, but allows spontaneous breaths

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Oxygen Toxicity

Complication from free radicals during ventilation

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PEEP Function

Prevent alveolar collapse on exhalation

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Pediatric Ideal Body Weight

3 x Age (years) for > 8 years

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VAP Risk Factor

Prolonged mechanical ventilation

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Chemoreceptor Function

Monitor O2, CO2, and H+ levels

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Upper Airway

Parts above the larynx

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Lung Compliance

Lung tissue stretchability

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Respiratory Resistance Effect

Inversely proportional to airflow

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Anatomical Dead Space

Non-gas-exchanging conducting airways

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V/Q Ratio

Air movement/blood flow balance

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Fick's Law Factors

Partial pressure difference and surface area

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Oxygenation Process

Oxygen delivery to tissues

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Medulla and Pons Role

Regulate rate and depth of breathing

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Mechanical Dead Space

Ventilator circuit and adjuncts

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