Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following interventions is used to prevent alveolar collapse in mechanically ventilated patients?
Which of the following interventions is used to prevent alveolar collapse in mechanically ventilated patients?
- Daily spontaneous awakening trials
- Subglottic secretion drainage
- Postpyloric feeding
- Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) (correct)
Monitoring plateau pressure helps clinicians assess the compliance (or 'stiffness') of the patient's lungs.
Monitoring plateau pressure helps clinicians assess the compliance (or 'stiffness') of the patient's lungs.
True (A)
What is the primary purpose of using sedation and paralysis in mechanically ventilated patients?
What is the primary purpose of using sedation and paralysis in mechanically ventilated patients?
To reduce restlessness and muscle activity, preventing patients from fighting the ventilator.
Which of the following is an essential recommendation for preventing Ventilator-Associated Events (VAEs)? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following is an essential recommendation for preventing Ventilator-Associated Events (VAEs)? (Select all that apply)
________ involves periodically waking up the patient to assess their sedation level and ability to breathe.
________ involves periodically waking up the patient to assess their sedation level and ability to breathe.
A clinician is considering methods to reduce the risk of aspiration in a mechanically ventilated patient. Which of the following strategies would address this concern?
A clinician is considering methods to reduce the risk of aspiration in a mechanically ventilated patient. Which of the following strategies would address this concern?
Early tracheostomy is typically considered only when a patient requires prolonged intubation and mechanical ventilation.
Early tracheostomy is typically considered only when a patient requires prolonged intubation and mechanical ventilation.
Which of the following practices reduces the risk of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) by removing accumulated secretions above the endotracheal tube cuff?
Which of the following practices reduces the risk of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) by removing accumulated secretions above the endotracheal tube cuff?
Which of the following are typical early symptoms of acute respiratory failure?
Which of the following are typical early symptoms of acute respiratory failure?
In patients with COPD, the primary drive to breathe is typically stimulated by elevated carbon dioxide levels in the blood.
In patients with COPD, the primary drive to breathe is typically stimulated by elevated carbon dioxide levels in the blood.
Explain why hyperventilation is an early compensatory mechanism in hypoxemic respiratory failure.
Explain why hyperventilation is an early compensatory mechanism in hypoxemic respiratory failure.
The ideal pulse oximetry (SpO2) reading for a patient post initial treatment for hypoxemic respiratory failure is generally greater than ______%.
The ideal pulse oximetry (SpO2) reading for a patient post initial treatment for hypoxemic respiratory failure is generally greater than ______%.
Match the stage of acute respiratory failure with its corresponding symptom:
Match the stage of acute respiratory failure with its corresponding symptom:
What are the expected initial arterial blood gas (ABG) findings in a patient experiencing early hypoxemic respiratory failure (Type I)?
What are the expected initial arterial blood gas (ABG) findings in a patient experiencing early hypoxemic respiratory failure (Type I)?
The appearance of pink skin in a patient experiencing respiratory distress is a sign of improvement and indicates adequate oxygenation.
The appearance of pink skin in a patient experiencing respiratory distress is a sign of improvement and indicates adequate oxygenation.
Describe the normal physiological mechanism that triggers breathing in a healthy individual.
Describe the normal physiological mechanism that triggers breathing in a healthy individual.
Which of the following statements best describes the primary difference between BiPAP and CPAP?
Which of the following statements best describes the primary difference between BiPAP and CPAP?
Invasive positive pressure ventilation always requires the use of a face mask.
Invasive positive pressure ventilation always requires the use of a face mask.
What is the primary purpose of Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) in mechanical ventilation?
What is the primary purpose of Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) in mechanical ventilation?
To cope with respiratory failure, the body requires extra ______ to function effectively.
To cope with respiratory failure, the body requires extra ______ to function effectively.
Which of these medications helps to open the airways by stimulating beta-2 receptors in the lungs?
Which of these medications helps to open the airways by stimulating beta-2 receptors in the lungs?
What is the primary mechanism by which inhaled steroids help improve breathing in patients with respiratory failure?
What is the primary mechanism by which inhaled steroids help improve breathing in patients with respiratory failure?
Which of the following assessment findings would indicate a patient is experiencing hypoxemia related to respiratory failure?
Which of the following assessment findings would indicate a patient is experiencing hypoxemia related to respiratory failure?
What is the most appropriate action of diuretics in treating someone with acute respiratory failure?
What is the most appropriate action of diuretics in treating someone with acute respiratory failure?
In Type I respiratory failure, arterial blood gas (ABG) results typically indicate low oxygen levels and may also reveal a higher than normal pH.
In Type I respiratory failure, arterial blood gas (ABG) results typically indicate low oxygen levels and may also reveal a higher than normal pH.
A patient with respiratory failure is exhibiting increased anxiety and agitation. What is the most likely underlying cause for this change in mental status?
A patient with respiratory failure is exhibiting increased anxiety and agitation. What is the most likely underlying cause for this change in mental status?
Which of the following statements is true regarding the synergistic response of combining bronchodilators and inhaled steriods?
Which of the following statements is true regarding the synergistic response of combining bronchodilators and inhaled steriods?
In patients with respiratory failure, the immediate goal of treatment is to improve the lungs' ability to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide effectively, also known as ______.
In patients with respiratory failure, the immediate goal of treatment is to improve the lungs' ability to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide effectively, also known as ______.
Match the following clinical manifestations with their potential underlying cause in respiratory failure:
Match the following clinical manifestations with their potential underlying cause in respiratory failure:
Which of the following nursing interventions is most important to include in the care plan for a patient with respiratory failure to prevent complications?
Which of the following nursing interventions is most important to include in the care plan for a patient with respiratory failure to prevent complications?
Which of the following components are typically included in pulmonary rehabilitation programs for patients recovering from acute respiratory failure? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following components are typically included in pulmonary rehabilitation programs for patients recovering from acute respiratory failure? (Select all that apply)
What instructions should the nurse provide to the patient with a history of smoking to improve lung health and reduce further complications from respiratory issues? (Select all that apply)
What instructions should the nurse provide to the patient with a history of smoking to improve lung health and reduce further complications from respiratory issues? (Select all that apply)
Why is fentanyl often preferred in ARDS patients?
Why is fentanyl often preferred in ARDS patients?
Midazolam's primary effect is pain relief.
Midazolam's primary effect is pain relief.
A reversal agent for Fentanyl is ______.
A reversal agent for Fentanyl is ______.
Which of the following is a key nursing implication when administering dexmedetomidine (Precedex)?
Which of the following is a key nursing implication when administering dexmedetomidine (Precedex)?
What is the primary mechanism of action for neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs)?
What is the primary mechanism of action for neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs)?
Which of these options are correct regarding Fentanyl? (Select all that apply)
Which of these options are correct regarding Fentanyl? (Select all that apply)
Match the following medications with their primary effects in the ICU:
Match the following medications with their primary effects in the ICU:
What tool is used to assess a patient's level of sedation?
What tool is used to assess a patient's level of sedation?
Which of the following is an example of direct lung injury leading to Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)?
Which of the following is an example of direct lung injury leading to Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)?
Indirect lung injuries involve damage that directly affects the respiratory system.
Indirect lung injuries involve damage that directly affects the respiratory system.
Which of the following conditions is classified as an indirect cause of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)?
Which of the following conditions is classified as an indirect cause of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)?
A PaO2/FIO2 ratio is calculated to measure the ______ of ARDS.
A PaO2/FIO2 ratio is calculated to measure the ______ of ARDS.
Which of the following injuries is most likely to cause direct trauma to the lungs, potentially leading to ARDS?
Which of the following injuries is most likely to cause direct trauma to the lungs, potentially leading to ARDS?
Which of these conditions can lead to Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) due to whole-body inflammation?
Which of these conditions can lead to Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) due to whole-body inflammation?
Which of the following conditions can result in direct lung injury that may lead to ARDS?
Which of the following conditions can result in direct lung injury that may lead to ARDS?
Which of the following conditions can cause direct lung injuries? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following conditions can cause direct lung injuries? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following findings from a patient with ARDS indicates a progression towards respiratory acidosis?
Which of the following findings from a patient with ARDS indicates a progression towards respiratory acidosis?
Renal failure in ARDS primarily results from hyperthermia and an increased use of diuretics.
Renal failure in ARDS primarily results from hyperthermia and an increased use of diuretics.
What auscultation finding suggests fluid buildup in the lungs of an ARDS patient?
What auscultation finding suggests fluid buildup in the lungs of an ARDS patient?
The use of ______ muscles indicates that a patient is experiencing increased work of breathing.
The use of ______ muscles indicates that a patient is experiencing increased work of breathing.
What is the primary cause of anxiety and agitation in patients with ARDS?
What is the primary cause of anxiety and agitation in patients with ARDS?
Which of the following complications indicates the progression of ARDS to multisystem organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)?
Which of the following complications indicates the progression of ARDS to multisystem organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)?
Which assessment finding indicates that a patient is experiencing difficulty breathing?
Which assessment finding indicates that a patient is experiencing difficulty breathing?
A nurse assesses a patient with ARDS who has diminished breath sounds. What could this indicate?
A nurse assesses a patient with ARDS who has diminished breath sounds. What could this indicate?
Which of the following signs and symptoms may indicate pneumonia in a ventilated patient with ARDS?
Which of the following signs and symptoms may indicate pneumonia in a ventilated patient with ARDS?
Sputum cultures are not helpful in confirming the presence of bacteria in suspected pneumonia cases.
Sputum cultures are not helpful in confirming the presence of bacteria in suspected pneumonia cases.
Which of the following is NOT a recommended preventative measure for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)?
Which of the following is NOT a recommended preventative measure for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)?
What does a buildup of carbon dioxide in ARDS patients potentially lead to?
What does a buildup of carbon dioxide in ARDS patients potentially lead to?
__________ is a type of lung injury resulting from excessive pressure in the chest cavity, commonly associated with mechanical ventilation.
__________ is a type of lung injury resulting from excessive pressure in the chest cavity, commonly associated with mechanical ventilation.
Testing serum lactate levels helps confirm a shift to anaerobic metabolism when tissues are deprived of oxygen.
Testing serum lactate levels helps confirm a shift to anaerobic metabolism when tissues are deprived of oxygen.
A patient with ARDS is on a ventilator. The nurse notices the patient is increasingly short of breath and the oxygen saturation is dropping. Which of the following complications should the nurse suspect?
A patient with ARDS is on a ventilator. The nurse notices the patient is increasingly short of breath and the oxygen saturation is dropping. Which of the following complications should the nurse suspect?
Which nursing intervention is most important in preventing barotrauma in a ventilated patient with ARDS?
Which nursing intervention is most important in preventing barotrauma in a ventilated patient with ARDS?
Why is it important to perform liver and renal function tests on patients with ARDS?
Why is it important to perform liver and renal function tests on patients with ARDS?
Which of the following ventilation strategies is used to minimize lung damage in patients with ARDS?
Which of the following ventilation strategies is used to minimize lung damage in patients with ARDS?
Which of the following is crucial in preventing infections related to central lines in ARDS patients?
Which of the following is crucial in preventing infections related to central lines in ARDS patients?
Regular Foley catheter care, including proper cleaning and frequent ______, is essential to prevent UTIs in ARDS patients.
Regular Foley catheter care, including proper cleaning and frequent ______, is essential to prevent UTIs in ARDS patients.
Which of the following can lead to alveolar rupture in a patient with ARDS on mechanical ventilation?
Which of the following can lead to alveolar rupture in a patient with ARDS on mechanical ventilation?
What oral care measures are essential for patients on ventilators to decrease the risk of VAP?
What oral care measures are essential for patients on ventilators to decrease the risk of VAP?
Which of the following should be included when educating ARDS patients and their families?
Which of the following should be included when educating ARDS patients and their families?
Which of the following statements are correct regarding diligent mouth care for ventilated patients? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following statements are correct regarding diligent mouth care for ventilated patients? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following lifestyle modifications can help reduce the risk of recurrent pulmonary embolism (PE)?
Which of the following lifestyle modifications can help reduce the risk of recurrent pulmonary embolism (PE)?
In Type I (Hypoxemic) respiratory failure, the primary issue is the ineffective removal of carbon dioxide from the blood.
In Type I (Hypoxemic) respiratory failure, the primary issue is the ineffective removal of carbon dioxide from the blood.
What is the immediate action a nurse should take if they suspect a patient is experiencing a pulmonary embolism (PE)?
What is the immediate action a nurse should take if they suspect a patient is experiencing a pulmonary embolism (PE)?
High levels of carbon dioxide in the blood, a condition associated with Type II respiratory failure, is known as ______.
High levels of carbon dioxide in the blood, a condition associated with Type II respiratory failure, is known as ______.
Which of the following factors contributes to the high mortality rate associated with pulmonary embolism (PE)?
Which of the following factors contributes to the high mortality rate associated with pulmonary embolism (PE)?
Select all of the interventions below that are appropriate to help prevent a recurrent PE:
Select all of the interventions below that are appropriate to help prevent a recurrent PE:
Match the type of respiratory failure with its primary characteristic:
Match the type of respiratory failure with its primary characteristic:
What is the underlying cause of Type I (Hypoxemic) respiratory failure?
What is the underlying cause of Type I (Hypoxemic) respiratory failure?
Which of the following is the MOST significant reason for involving family members in the care of a patient with ARDS?
Which of the following is the MOST significant reason for involving family members in the care of a patient with ARDS?
A complete return to normal lung function is always achieved in patients recovering from ARDS.
A complete return to normal lung function is always achieved in patients recovering from ARDS.
Besides physical weakness and fatigue, what is one lifestyle change that patients may experience after recovering from ARDS?
Besides physical weakness and fatigue, what is one lifestyle change that patients may experience after recovering from ARDS?
Patients recovering from ARDS may experience flashbacks, nightmares, and difficulty relaxing, which are symptoms of ______.
Patients recovering from ARDS may experience flashbacks, nightmares, and difficulty relaxing, which are symptoms of ______.
Select all of the following that are potential long-term mental health challenges for both ARDS patients and their families:
Select all of the following that are potential long-term mental health challenges for both ARDS patients and their families:
Match the following interventions with their respective goals in ARDS recovery:
Match the following interventions with their respective goals in ARDS recovery:
Why is a patient's successful recovery from ARDS considered a significant achievement?
Why is a patient's successful recovery from ARDS considered a significant achievement?
What is the primary benefit of providing patients with adequate information about their condition and treatment?
What is the primary benefit of providing patients with adequate information about their condition and treatment?
Which of the following best describes the V/Q mismatch in the context of pulmonary edema?
Which of the following best describes the V/Q mismatch in the context of pulmonary edema?
In noncardiogenic pulmonary edema, the fluid buildup in the lungs is a direct result of heart failure.
In noncardiogenic pulmonary edema, the fluid buildup in the lungs is a direct result of heart failure.
What is the primary role of surfactant in the alveoli, and how does its damage contribute to respiratory distress?
What is the primary role of surfactant in the alveoli, and how does its damage contribute to respiratory distress?
In the proliferative phase of lung injury, white blood cells called ______ release toxic mediators that damage the alveolar-capillary membrane.
In the proliferative phase of lung injury, white blood cells called ______ release toxic mediators that damage the alveolar-capillary membrane.
Match the following clinical manifestations with their underlying cause in pulmonary edema:
Match the following clinical manifestations with their underlying cause in pulmonary edema:
Which of the following arterial blood gas (ABG) findings is most likely to be observed in the early stages of pulmonary edema?
Which of the following arterial blood gas (ABG) findings is most likely to be observed in the early stages of pulmonary edema?
Select all of the following that are consequences of the damages caused during the proliferative phase:
Select all of the following that are consequences of the damages caused during the proliferative phase:
Which of the following is the main reason why hypoxemia occurs in individuals with pulmonary edema?
Which of the following is the main reason why hypoxemia occurs in individuals with pulmonary edema?
Which of the following conditions can lead to impaired ventilation (hypoventilation)?
Which of the following conditions can lead to impaired ventilation (hypoventilation)?
Ventilation-Perfusion Mismatch occurs when the amount of air moving into the lungs matches the blood flow through the lungs.
Ventilation-Perfusion Mismatch occurs when the amount of air moving into the lungs matches the blood flow through the lungs.
What is one potential cause of respiratory muscle weakness leading to impaired ventilation?
What is one potential cause of respiratory muscle weakness leading to impaired ventilation?
Administration of ______ can suppress breathing and lead to hypoventilation.
Administration of ______ can suppress breathing and lead to hypoventilation.
Which of the following is NOT a typical cause of Ventilation-Perfusion Mismatch?
Which of the following is NOT a typical cause of Ventilation-Perfusion Mismatch?
Which conditions may directly contribute to the development of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)? (Select all that apply)
Which conditions may directly contribute to the development of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following factors can contribute to the development of atelectasis?
Which of the following factors can contribute to the development of atelectasis?
Match the following respiratory conditions with their primary underlying mechanism:
Match the following respiratory conditions with their primary underlying mechanism:
Which of the following interventions helps prevent alveolar collapse in mechanically ventilated patients?
Which of the following interventions helps prevent alveolar collapse in mechanically ventilated patients?
Which of the following mental status changes may indicate inadequate cerebral perfusion?
Which of the following mental status changes may indicate inadequate cerebral perfusion?
Monitoring plateau pressure helps assess lung compliance and the risk of lung injury in ventilated patients.
Monitoring plateau pressure helps assess lung compliance and the risk of lung injury in ventilated patients.
What is the purpose of daily spontaneous awakening trials in ventilated patients?
What is the purpose of daily spontaneous awakening trials in ventilated patients?
Agitation is often associated with hypercapnia, a high level of carbon dioxide in the blood.
Agitation is often associated with hypercapnia, a high level of carbon dioxide in the blood.
Using medications to reduce a patient’s restlessness and muscle activity to prevent them from fighting against the ventilator is known as ______ and paralysis.
Using medications to reduce a patient’s restlessness and muscle activity to prevent them from fighting against the ventilator is known as ______ and paralysis.
What is the term for difficulty breathing that starts suddenly, often an early sign of a deteriorating respiratory condition?
What is the term for difficulty breathing that starts suddenly, often an early sign of a deteriorating respiratory condition?
Which strategy is recommended as an essential measure to prevent VAEs, potentially avoiding intubation?
Which strategy is recommended as an essential measure to prevent VAEs, potentially avoiding intubation?
Rapid breathing, also known as __________, can be an early sign of respiratory distress.
Rapid breathing, also known as __________, can be an early sign of respiratory distress.
The body's compensatory responses to hypoxemia often include which of the following?
The body's compensatory responses to hypoxemia often include which of the following?
Which of the following is an essential recommendation for preventing ventilator-associated events (VAEs) in critically ill patients?
Which of the following is an essential recommendation for preventing ventilator-associated events (VAEs) in critically ill patients?
What is the primary purpose of subglottic secretion drainage in intubated patients?
What is the primary purpose of subglottic secretion drainage in intubated patients?
Which of the following vital sign changes is typically observed in response to hypoxemia as the body attempts to compensate?
Which of the following vital sign changes is typically observed in response to hypoxemia as the body attempts to compensate?
Why might postpyloric feeding be considered for ventilated patients?
Why might postpyloric feeding be considered for ventilated patients?
Which of these indicates worsening respiratory failure?
Which of these indicates worsening respiratory failure?
Which arterial blood gas (ABG) finding is characteristic of Type II respiratory failure?
Which arterial blood gas (ABG) finding is characteristic of Type II respiratory failure?
What is the primary reason prone positioning is used as an adjunctive therapy in ARDS patients?
What is the primary reason prone positioning is used as an adjunctive therapy in ARDS patients?
Prone positioning primarily aids in secretion removal and reducing pressure on lung tissue by draining fluids away from the front of the lungs.
Prone positioning primarily aids in secretion removal and reducing pressure on lung tissue by draining fluids away from the front of the lungs.
How does prone positioning improve alveoli recruitment in ARDS patients?
How does prone positioning improve alveoli recruitment in ARDS patients?
Prone positioning can lead to a reduced need for ______ support, decreasing the risk of further lung injury.
Prone positioning can lead to a reduced need for ______ support, decreasing the risk of further lung injury.
Which of the following is a key consideration when implementing prone positioning for a critically ill patient?
Which of the following is a key consideration when implementing prone positioning for a critically ill patient?
What is the generally recommended duration for prone positioning in ARDS patients to achieve the best results?
What is the generally recommended duration for prone positioning in ARDS patients to achieve the best results?
What is the benefit of prone positioning regarding V/Q mismatch?
What is the benefit of prone positioning regarding V/Q mismatch?
Starting prone positioning early, typically after 7 days of ARDS diagnosis, yields the best patient outcomes.
Starting prone positioning early, typically after 7 days of ARDS diagnosis, yields the best patient outcomes.
A patient presents with sudden dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain, and tachypnea. Which condition should the nurse suspect?
A patient presents with sudden dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain, and tachypnea. Which condition should the nurse suspect?
A chest X-ray is the definitive diagnostic test for pulmonary embolism.
A chest X-ray is the definitive diagnostic test for pulmonary embolism.
Which of the following is a sign of right ventricular failure that may be observed in a patient with a massive pulmonary embolism?
Which of the following is a sign of right ventricular failure that may be observed in a patient with a massive pulmonary embolism?
A postoperative patient following a long-bone surgery presents with shortness of breath. A nurse should suspect a ______.
A postoperative patient following a long-bone surgery presents with shortness of breath. A nurse should suspect a ______.
Which test is most commonly ordered to diagnose a pulmonary embolism?
Which test is most commonly ordered to diagnose a pulmonary embolism?
Which factors contribute to a fast heart rate in a patient with a pulmonary embolism? Select all that apply.
Which factors contribute to a fast heart rate in a patient with a pulmonary embolism? Select all that apply.
Match the type of pulmonary embolism with its description:
Match the type of pulmonary embolism with its description:
A patient is receiving intravenous heparin. Which laboratory value is most important for the nurse to monitor?
A patient is receiving intravenous heparin. Which laboratory value is most important for the nurse to monitor?
A patient with a pulmonary embolism coughs up blood. What is the medical term for coughing up blood?
A patient with a pulmonary embolism coughs up blood. What is the medical term for coughing up blood?
Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH) primarily focuses on inhibiting Factor Xa and has enhanced bioavailability compared to unfractionated heparin.
Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH) primarily focuses on inhibiting Factor Xa and has enhanced bioavailability compared to unfractionated heparin.
A patient receiving heparin develops signs of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). What specific lab value should the nurse monitor closely?
A patient receiving heparin develops signs of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). What specific lab value should the nurse monitor closely?
The reversal agent for unfractionated heparin is ______.
The reversal agent for unfractionated heparin is ______.
Which medication requires close monitoring due to the high risk of bleeding, particularly in the brain?
Which medication requires close monitoring due to the high risk of bleeding, particularly in the brain?
Which of the following is NOT a common route of administration for Xa inhibitors?
Which of the following is NOT a common route of administration for Xa inhibitors?
Select all the true statements about Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) filters. (Select all that apply)
Select all the true statements about Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) filters. (Select all that apply)
Match the following medications with their corresponding reversal agents:
Match the following medications with their corresponding reversal agents:
Flashcards
PEEP (Positive End-Expiratory Pressure)
PEEP (Positive End-Expiratory Pressure)
Keeps a small amount of pressure in the lungs at the end of each breath, preventing alveolar collapse.
Monitor Plateau Pressure
Monitor Plateau Pressure
Regularly check the pressure inside the lungs after airflow to gauge lung stiffness.
Sedation and Paralysis (Ventilator)
Sedation and Paralysis (Ventilator)
Use medications to reduce patient restlessness and muscle activity.
Avoid Intubation if Possible; Consider HFNC
Avoid Intubation if Possible; Consider HFNC
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Daily Toothbrushing (VAE Prevention)
Daily Toothbrushing (VAE Prevention)
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Daily Spontaneous Awakening Trials
Daily Spontaneous Awakening Trials
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Subglottic Secretion Drainage
Subglottic Secretion Drainage
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Postpyloric Feeding
Postpyloric Feeding
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Early Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure ABGs
Early Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure ABGs
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Hyperventilation in Early Respiratory Failure
Hyperventilation in Early Respiratory Failure
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COPD Hypoxemic Drive
COPD Hypoxemic Drive
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Dyspnea
Dyspnea
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Restlessness (Early Respiratory Failure)
Restlessness (Early Respiratory Failure)
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Tachycardia (Intermediate)
Tachycardia (Intermediate)
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Cyanosis (Late)
Cyanosis (Late)
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Coma (Late)
Coma (Late)
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Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation (NPPV)
Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation (NPPV)
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BiPAP
BiPAP
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CPAP
CPAP
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Invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation
Invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation
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Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP)
Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP)
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Inhaled Bronchodilators
Inhaled Bronchodilators
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Inhaled Steroids
Inhaled Steroids
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Diuretics
Diuretics
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Fentanyl
Fentanyl
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Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS)
Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS)
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Naloxone (Narcan)
Naloxone (Narcan)
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Benzodiazepines Mechanism
Benzodiazepines Mechanism
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Midazolam
Midazolam
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Dexmedetomidine (Precedex)
Dexmedetomidine (Precedex)
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Neuromuscular Blocking Agents (NMBAs)
Neuromuscular Blocking Agents (NMBAs)
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NMBA Purpose
NMBA Purpose
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Direct Lung Injury
Direct Lung Injury
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Indirect Lung Injury
Indirect Lung Injury
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Aspiration
Aspiration
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Pulmonary Contusion
Pulmonary Contusion
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Pulmonary Embolus
Pulmonary Embolus
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ARDS from Pancreatitis
ARDS from Pancreatitis
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Sepsis induced ARDS
Sepsis induced ARDS
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PaO2/FIO2 Ratio
PaO2/FIO2 Ratio
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Respiratory Failure (CO2)
Respiratory Failure (CO2)
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Type I Respiratory Failure
Type I Respiratory Failure
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Cardiac Monitoring (Respiratory)
Cardiac Monitoring (Respiratory)
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Neurological Assessment (Respiratory)
Neurological Assessment (Respiratory)
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Cyanosis
Cyanosis
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Energy Conservation
Energy Conservation
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Initial Goal of Treatment (Respiratory Failure)
Initial Goal of Treatment (Respiratory Failure)
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Pulmonary Rehabilitation
Pulmonary Rehabilitation
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Fever (Ventilated Patient)
Fever (Ventilated Patient)
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Leukocytosis (Ventilated Patient)
Leukocytosis (Ventilated Patient)
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Increased Respiratory Effort
Increased Respiratory Effort
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Purulent Secretions
Purulent Secretions
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Regular Mouth Care
Regular Mouth Care
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ET Suctioning
ET Suctioning
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Barotrauma
Barotrauma
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Peak Pressure Monitoring
Peak Pressure Monitoring
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Acidosis in ARDS
Acidosis in ARDS
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Metabolic Acidosis
Metabolic Acidosis
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Serum Lactate
Serum Lactate
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Liver and Renal Function Tests
Liver and Renal Function Tests
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Central Line Infection Risk
Central Line Infection Risk
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Central Line Infection Prevention
Central Line Infection Prevention
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Foley Catheter Care
Foley Catheter Care
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Diligent Mouth Care
Diligent Mouth Care
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Tachypnea
Tachypnea
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Accessory Muscle Use
Accessory Muscle Use
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Crackles (Lungs)
Crackles (Lungs)
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Diminished Breath Sounds
Diminished Breath Sounds
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Hypoxemia
Hypoxemia
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Renal Failure in ARDS
Renal Failure in ARDS
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MODS (ARDS)
MODS (ARDS)
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Anxiety Reduction (Education)
Anxiety Reduction (Education)
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Family Engagement
Family Engagement
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Optimal Outcome (ARDS)
Optimal Outcome (ARDS)
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Physical Weakness (ARDS)
Physical Weakness (ARDS)
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Consistent Medical Attention
Consistent Medical Attention
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Depression (ARDS)
Depression (ARDS)
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PTSD (ARDS)
PTSD (ARDS)
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Pulmonary Fibrosis (ARDS)
Pulmonary Fibrosis (ARDS)
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PE Recurrence Risk
PE Recurrence Risk
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Medication Adherence (PE)
Medication Adherence (PE)
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Lifestyle Changes (PE)
Lifestyle Changes (PE)
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Acute Respiratory Failure
Acute Respiratory Failure
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Hypercapnia
Hypercapnia
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V/Q Mismatch (ARDS)
V/Q Mismatch (ARDS)
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Hypoxemia (ARDS)
Hypoxemia (ARDS)
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Surfactant Damage (ARDS)
Surfactant Damage (ARDS)
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Hyperventilation (ARDS)
Hyperventilation (ARDS)
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Neutrophil Damage (ARDS)
Neutrophil Damage (ARDS)
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Pulmonary Hypertension (ARDS)
Pulmonary Hypertension (ARDS)
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Hypercarbia in ARDS
Hypercarbia in ARDS
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Refractory Hypoxemia (ARDS)
Refractory Hypoxemia (ARDS)
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VAE Prevention Strategies
VAE Prevention Strategies
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Avoid Intubation (VAE)
Avoid Intubation (VAE)
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Daily Toothbrushing (VAE)
Daily Toothbrushing (VAE)
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Spontaneous Awakening Trials (SATs)
Spontaneous Awakening Trials (SATs)
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Postpyloric Feeding (VAE)
Postpyloric Feeding (VAE)
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Early Tracheostomy
Early Tracheostomy
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Plateau Pressure Monitoring
Plateau Pressure Monitoring
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Prone Positioning
Prone Positioning
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Adjunctive Therapy
Adjunctive Therapy
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Improve Alveoli Recruitment
Improve Alveoli Recruitment
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Reduce V/Q Mismatch
Reduce V/Q Mismatch
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Improved Oxygenation
Improved Oxygenation
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Aiding in Secretion Removal
Aiding in Secretion Removal
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Reduced Need for Ventilation Support
Reduced Need for Ventilation Support
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Timely Implementation
Timely Implementation
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Respiratory Failure
Respiratory Failure
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Chest-Wall Problems
Chest-Wall Problems
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Nerve Disorders (Breathing)
Nerve Disorders (Breathing)
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Chest-Wall Injuries
Chest-Wall Injuries
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Airway Obstruction
Airway Obstruction
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Respiratory Muscle Weakness/Paralysis
Respiratory Muscle Weakness/Paralysis
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V/Q Mismatch
V/Q Mismatch
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Pulmonary Embolus (PE)
Pulmonary Embolus (PE)
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Central Pulmonary Embolism (PE)
Central Pulmonary Embolism (PE)
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Peripheral Pulmonary Embolism (PE)
Peripheral Pulmonary Embolism (PE)
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Key PE Symptoms
Key PE Symptoms
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Postoperative PE Risk
Postoperative PE Risk
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Jugular Venous Distention (JVD) in PE
Jugular Venous Distention (JVD) in PE
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PE Vital Sign Changes
PE Vital Sign Changes
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PE Neurological Signs
PE Neurological Signs
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Gold Standard PE Diagnosis
Gold Standard PE Diagnosis
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Mental Status Change
Mental Status Change
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Agitation (Respiratory)
Agitation (Respiratory)
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Somnolence (Respiratory)
Somnolence (Respiratory)
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New-Onset Dyspnea
New-Onset Dyspnea
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Increased Work of Breathing
Increased Work of Breathing
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Tachypnea (Early Sign)
Tachypnea (Early Sign)
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Tripod Position
Tripod Position
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Type II Respiratory Failure ABGs
Type II Respiratory Failure ABGs
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aPTT monitoring (Heparin)
aPTT monitoring (Heparin)
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Heparin - Nursing Considerations (SATA)
Heparin - Nursing Considerations (SATA)
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Protamine Sulfate
Protamine Sulfate
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LMWH mechanism of action
LMWH mechanism of action
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Xa Inhibitors - Action
Xa Inhibitors - Action
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Xa Inhibitors - Nursing
Xa Inhibitors - Nursing
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Thrombolytics - Action
Thrombolytics - Action
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Thrombolytics - Risks
Thrombolytics - Risks
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