Mechanical Properties of Solids Quiz
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Mechanical Properties of Solids Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the elongation of the thighbone under the extra load?

  • 1.59 mm (correct)
  • 2.2 mm
  • 3.18 mm
  • 0.70 mm

    • The stress on the rod is calculated with the formula Stress = F/A.

    True

    What is the strain regarding the elongation of the thighbone?

    1.59 x 10^-3

    The effective radius of the performer's thighbone is ____ cm.

    <p>2.0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which unit is used to express stress?

    <p>N/m²</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Stress = Force per unit area Strain = Deformation per unit length Elongation = Increase in length Load = Weight applied to a structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The total mass supported by the performer's legs in the human pyramid is 280 kg.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Calculate the stress on the rod if the applied force is $100 × 10^3 N$ and the area is $3.14 × 10^{-2} m^2$.

    <p>3.18 × 10^8 N/m²</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the tendency of a material to return to its original shape after deforming forces are removed?

    <p>Elasticity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Plastic materials tend to regain their original shape after deformation.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between elastic and plastic deformation?

    <p>Elastic deformation is temporary and allows the material to return to its original shape, while plastic deformation is permanent and does not return to the original shape.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Materials that do not return to their original shape after deformation are known as ______.

    <p>plastic materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of deformation with their characteristics:

    <p>Elastic deformation = Temporary change that can revert Plastic deformation = Permanent change that does not revert Stress = Force applied over a certain area Strain = Measure of deformation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which material is an example of an ideal plastic?

    <p>Putty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The elastic behavior of materials is irrelevant in engineering design.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the elastic behavior of materials play in engineering design?

    <p>It helps determine how materials will respond to forces and stresses, ensuring the safety and integrity of structures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the change in length in the perpendicular direction of a body under stress?

    <p>Longitudinal strain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Volumetric strain is defined as the ratio of change in volume to the original volume.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Hooke's law state regarding stress and strain?

    <p>Stress and strain are proportional to each other for small deformations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The internal restoring force per unit area when a body is subjected to hydraulic compression is known as __________.

    <p>hydraulic stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Longitudinal strain = Change in length to original length Volume strain = Change in volume to original volume Hydraulic stress = Internal restoring force per unit area Hooke's law = Proportionality between stress and strain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which region of a stress-strain curve does Hooke's law hold true?

    <p>From O to A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A body subjected to hydraulic pressure loses its shape permanently.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the stress-strain curve in the region where Hooke's law is obeyed?

    <p>The curve is linear.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct formula for tensile stress according to Hooke's law?

    <p>F/A = Y∆L/L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Shear stress is defined in the same way as tensile stress and can apply to liquids.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the symbol 'G' represent in the context of shear stress?

    <p>Shear modulus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of stress, the equation for hydraulic compression is expressed as p = B (∆V/V), where p represents the ______.

    <p>hydraulic stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following variables related to Hooke’s law with their respective meanings:

    <p>Y = Young's modulus A = Cross-sectional area p = Hydraulic pressure B = Bulk modulus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of deformation involves horizontal displacement of one face of a solid?

    <p>Shear deformation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Young’s modulus is applicable for liquids and gases.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does ∆L/L represent in Hooke's law?

    <p>Tensile or compressive strain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which material has a larger value of Young's modulus?

    <p>Metals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A material that stretches more is considered more elastic.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the elastic constant that describes the change in lateral dimensions when a wire is under longitudinal strain?

    <p>Poisson ratio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Stress is not a ______ quantity since it cannot be assigned a specific direction.

    <p>vector</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following materials with their properties related to elasticity:

    <p>Steel = Higher Young's modulus Rubber = Lower Young's modulus Copper = Moderate elasticity Elastomers = High stretchability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a large value of Young's modulus indicate about a material?

    <p>It requires a large force for small length changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Stress can be assigned a specific direction like force can.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between stress and strain described by Young’s modulus?

    <p>Proportional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diameter of the wires mentioned in the context?

    <p>0.25 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The shear modulus of aluminium is 25 Pa.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mass supported by the four identical cylindrical columns?

    <p>50,000 kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The rectangular cross-section dimensions of the copper piece are 15.2 mm and ______.

    <p>19.1 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the material to its property:

    <p>Steel = Good tensile strength Aluminium = Lightweight and resistant to corrosion Copper = Excellent electrical conductivity Brass = Corrosion-resistant alloy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the vertical deflection of the face of the cube made of aluminium when a 100 kg mass is attached?

    <p>0.5 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The bulk modulus of water is less than that of air at constant temperature.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many wires support the rigid bar of mass 15 kg?

    <p>Three wires</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Mechanical Properties of Solids

    • Solids have definite shape and size
    • Forces are required to change (deform) the shape or size of a body
    • Elasticity is the tendency of a body to regain its original shape and size when the applied force is removed
    • Elastic deformation is the deformation caused by elasticity
    • Plasticity is the property by which a substance does not regain its original shape and size
    • Stress is the restoring force per unit area
    • Strain is the ratio of change in dimension to the original dimension
    • Hooke's Law states that stress and strain are proportional for small deformations
    • Stress = k × strain
    • k is the modulus of elasticity
    • Stress-strain curves show the relationship between stress and strain for a given material
    • Understanding stress-strain curves helps in structural and manufacturing design
    • Young's Modulus (Y) is the ratio of tensile (or compressive) stress to longitudinal strain
    • Y =(F/A)/(∆L/L) = (F × L) / (A × ∆L)
    • Young's modulus has units of N/m² (or Pa)
    • Shear Modulus (G) is the ratio of shearing stress to shearing strain
    • G = (F/A)/(∆x/L) = (F × L) / (A × ∆x)
    • Bulk Modulus (B) is the ratio of hydraulic stress to volume strain
    • B = - p/(∆V/V)
    • Compressibility is the reciprocal of bulk modulus
    • Various materials have different elastic moduli, which affect their behavior under stress
    • Solids are less compressible than liquids, which are less compressible than gases
    • Elastomers exhibit large strains before failure, unlike other materials
    • Elasticity is important for structural design, materials selection, and understanding how materials deform under load
    • Applications of elastic behavior are in cranes, bridges, automobiles, and artificial limbs

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    Mechanical Properties of Solids PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the mechanical properties of solids with this quiz. Explore concepts such as elasticity, stress, strain, and Hooke's Law. Dive deep into the principles that govern how solids behave under various forces and their implications in structural design.

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