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Questions and Answers
What is the most accurate definition of a material's mechanical property?
What is the most accurate definition of a material's mechanical property?
A structural engineer needs to select a material for a bridge support that must withstand high loads without breaking. Which mechanical property is MOST critical for this application?
A structural engineer needs to select a material for a bridge support that must withstand high loads without breaking. Which mechanical property is MOST critical for this application?
When is a ductile material preferred over a brittle material?
When is a ductile material preferred over a brittle material?
A blacksmith needs a metal that can be hammered into thin sheets without fracturing. Which property is MOST desirable for this application?
A blacksmith needs a metal that can be hammered into thin sheets without fracturing. Which property is MOST desirable for this application?
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Which material property describes the energy a material can absorb while being deformed elastically, and then release when the load is removed?
Which material property describes the energy a material can absorb while being deformed elastically, and then release when the load is removed?
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A car bumper is designed to absorb impact during a collision. Which material property is MOST important for this application?
A car bumper is designed to absorb impact during a collision. Which material property is MOST important for this application?
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A spring in a mechanical watch needs to return to its original shape after being compressed. Which property is MOST critical for the spring's function?
A spring in a mechanical watch needs to return to its original shape after being compressed. Which property is MOST critical for the spring's function?
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A metal bar is subjected to a load, and it deforms permanently. Which property describes this behavior?
A metal bar is subjected to a load, and it deforms permanently. Which property describes this behavior?
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Flashcards
Mechanical Property
Mechanical Property
A measure of a material’s ability to resist forces or stresses.
Strength
Strength
The ability of a material to withstand an applied force without breaking.
Stiffness
Stiffness
Resistance of a material to deformation under an applied force.
Ductility
Ductility
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Brittleness
Brittleness
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Malleability
Malleability
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Elasticity
Elasticity
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Toughness
Toughness
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Study Notes
Mechanical Properties of Materials
- Mechanical properties describe a material's ability to resist or carry mechanical forces (loads or stresses)
- These properties are determined through standard laboratory tests on prepared specimens
- Key mechanical properties include:
- Strength: A material's ability to withstand an applied force without breaking
- Types of forces include compression, tension, shear, torsion, and bending
- Stiffness: A material's resistance to deformation when a force is applied; it measures how much a material deforms (stretches, compresses, bends) in response to force
- Ductility: The degree of plastic deformation a material sustains before fracturing
- Ductile materials perform better under repeated loads
- Brittleness: The tendency of a material to fracture without significant deformation
- Malleability: The ability to be severely deformed plastically under compression without fracturing
- Elasticity: The ability of a material to strain under load and return to its original shape when the load is removed
- Plasticity: The ability of a material to strain under load and not return to its original shape when the load is removed
- Resilience: The capacity to absorb energy during elastic deformation and recover that energy upon unloading
- Toughness: The capacity to withstand shock loads without breaking; the ability to absorb energy during plastic deformation up to rupture
- Hardness: The resistance of a material to permanent deformation (indentation) under static or dynamic loading
- Measured using scales like the Mohs Hardness Scale
- Machinability: The ease with which a material can be cut
- Creep: A slow process of plastic deformation under a constant load below the material's yield point
- Fatigue: Progressive, localized structural damage due to repeated or fluctuating loads, even if those loads are below the material's ultimate strength
- Strength: A material's ability to withstand an applied force without breaking
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Description
This quiz focuses on the fundamental mechanical properties of materials and their definitions. It covers concepts such as strength, stiffness, ductility, brittleness, malleability, and elasticity. Understanding these properties is crucial for evaluating materials in engineering applications.
