Meat Processing

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes disease prevention?

  • Modifying host resistance
  • Avoiding disease occurrence (correct)
  • Reducing the disease frequency to a tolerable level
  • Decreasing pathogen transmission

What is an example of strategic vaccination?

  • Vaccination of individuals with low resistance
  • Vaccination of individuals with high susceptibility
  • Vaccination in an area around an outbreak (correct)
  • Vaccination of all individuals in a population

What is an example of quarantine/isolation as a disease control measure?

  • Isolating individuals with low resistance
  • Isolating individuals with high resistance
  • Isolating individuals with high susceptibility (correct)
  • Isolating individuals with low susceptibility

How can we decrease pathogen transmission in terms of the environment?

<p>Controlling vectors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of biosecurity measure to reduce the risk of infectious diseases?

<p>Fomite control (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of disease control?

<p>Reducing the disease frequency to a tolerable level (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can we increase resistance and decrease susceptibility of the host in disease prevention and control?

<p>Modifying host resistance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of blanket vaccination?

<p>Vaccination of all individuals in a population (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of restriction of host movements as a disease control measure?

<p>Limited travel during swine fever outbreak (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of disease control measure that involves test and trace systems?

<p>Quarantine/isolation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a method used in disease eradication programs?

<p>Blanket culling of animals on contagious premises surrounding an infected farm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of synonymic surveillance?

<p>To collect and analyze health data to provide an early warning of disease outbreaks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During outbreak investigation and control, what is the purpose of conducting in-depth interviews with initial cases?

<p>To establish any common factors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of outbreak control plans?

<p>To outline guidelines and scenarios for controlling incidents (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stakeholders are typically involved in an Outbreak Control Team (OCT)?

<p>LA environmental health, UKHSA, NHS FSA, and APHA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of therapeutics (drugs) in controlling pathogens?

<p>To decrease the pathogen population (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why disease eradication at the individual animal/farm animal level may not be effective regionally/nationally?

<p>The presence of antimicrobial or anthelmintic resistance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of test and removal in disease eradication programs?

<p>To test animals for infection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting health-related data to provide an early warning of human or VPH threats called?

<p>Synonymic surveillance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do vets tend to get involved in a public health capacity during outbreaks?

<p>Because they have more knowledge about zoonotic potential and diseases than doctors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main approaches to combat disease?

<p>Disease prevention and disease control</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can we increase host resistance in disease prevention and control?

<p>By modifying the host resistance through measures like vaccination and national scrapie plans</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of vaccination strategies?

<p>Strategic vaccination (vaccination around an outbreak) and blanket vaccination (vaccination of the entire population)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can we decrease pathogen transmission in terms of the environment?

<p>By implementing measures like restriction of host movements, quarantine/isolation, control of vectors, and biosecurity measures</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is fomite control and why is it important in disease prevention?

<p>Fomite control refers to management systems that reduce the risk of infectious diseases being introduced to herds. It is important in disease prevention as it helps in minimizing the spread of pathogens through contaminated objects</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the different methods used in disease eradication programs? Explain each method briefly.

<p>The different methods used in disease eradication programs include test and removal, pre-emptive culling, blanket culling, and stamping out. Test and removal involves removing and slaughtering animals that test positive for the disease. Pre-emptive culling involves slaughtering animals that have been exposed to infection. Blanket culling involves culling animals on contagious premises surrounding an infected farm. Stamping out is a combination of the other preventative measures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of synonymic surveillance in public health? Explain how it works.

<p>The purpose of synonymic surveillance is to provide an early warning of human or VPH threats that require public health action. It involves collecting, analyzing, and interpreting health-related data to identify trends indicating higher than usual levels of illness. This helps in detecting potential outbreaks and enables timely public health interventions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the preliminary phase of outbreak investigation and control? Describe the key steps involved.

<p>The preliminary phase of outbreak investigation and control involves collating and assessing available information, establishing a tentative diagnosis, agreeing on a case definition, collecting relevant specimens, conducting in-depth interviews with initial cases, and conducting on-site investigations at implicated premises. The goal is to understand the common symptoms and exposure factors among cases and assess the public health risk.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of outbreak control plans? What key elements should these plans include?

<p>The purpose of outbreak control plans is to provide guidelines and scenarios for managing outbreaks effectively. These plans should include a system of communication and liaison between stakeholders, arrangements for media liaison, arrangements for patient care and secondary person to person spread, necessary equipment and facilities, and a clear statement of the plan's purpose in controlling incidents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do veterinarians tend to get involved in a public health capacity during outbreaks? What advantage do they bring to outbreak response?

<p>Veterinarians tend to get involved in a public health capacity during outbreaks because they have more knowledge about zoonotic potential and diseases compared to doctors. Their expertise in animal health and zoonotic diseases is valuable in understanding and managing outbreaks that involve animal-human transmission.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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