CLASS 4 SCIENCE CHAPTER 10 Measuring Length and Mass
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Questions and Answers

What is the standard unit of length?

  • Millimetre (mm)
  • Kilometre (km)
  • Metre (m) (correct)
  • Centimetre (cm)

Which unit is used to measure very tiny lengths?

  • Kilometre (km)
  • Millimetre (mm) (correct)
  • Centimetre (cm)
  • Metre (m)

What is the relationship between a metre and a centimetre?

  • 1 m = 100 cm (correct)
  • 1 m = 1000 cm
  • 1 m = 10 mm
  • 1 m = 1000 mm

How can you measure the length of a bent pipe?

<p>By using a thread and then measuring the thread (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does mass measure?

<p>The amount of matter a substance contains (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard unit of mass?

<p>Kilogram (kg) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many kilograms are there in a ton?

<p>1000 kg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these animals is the heaviest in the world?

<p>Blue whale (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the standard unit of volume for liquids?

<p>Litre (L) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'a.m.' stand for in time measurement?

<p>Ante Meridiem (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many millilitres are there in 1 litre?

<p>1000 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which instrument is used to measure temperature?

<p>Thermometer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard unit of temperature?

<p>Kelvin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many minutes are there in 1 hour?

<p>60 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal temperature of the human body in Celsius?

<p>$37 °C$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many hours are in one day?

<p>24 hours (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which instrument is commonly used in laboratories to measure the volume of liquids?

<p>Measuring cylinder (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a road lane is 7.4 meters wide, what is its width in centimeters?

<p>740 cm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A package is labeled as weighing 2.5 kg. How many grams does this package weigh?

<p>2500 g (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate unit to measure the distance between two cities?

<p>Kilometers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following objects would be best measured in millimeters?

<p>The thickness of a coin. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A truck is carrying 3 tons of goods. How many kilograms is this equal to?

<p>3,000 kg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the mass of an object generally relate to how heavy it feels?

<p>Greater mass generally means heavier. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A farmer harvests 5 quintals of wheat. How many kilograms of wheat did the farmer harvest?

<p>500 kg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these units would be most suitable for measuring the mass of a small ant?

<p>Milligram (mg) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is drinking an adequate amount of water important for our bodies?

<p>It maintains body temperature, increases energy, improves skin texture and flushes out toxins. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a container's height is increased but the amount of liquid it can hold remains the same, what property is unchanged?

<p>Volume (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the abbreviation 'a.m.' stand for, and during which part of the day is it used?

<p>Ante Meridiem, used from midnight to noon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the 24-hour clock system, how would you represent 5:00 p.m.?

<p>17:00 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a meeting is scheduled to start at 10:00 a.m. and last for 3 hours and 30 minutes, at what time will the meeting conclude?

<p>1:30 p.m. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is used to measure the temperature of our surroundings?

<p>Weather thermometer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'volume' in the context of liquids?

<p>The amount of space the liquid occupies. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common tool used in laboratories to accurately measure liquid volume?

<p>Measuring cylinder (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the temperature is 100°F, what is the approximate equivalent temperature in degrees Celsius?

<p>37.78°C (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a process starts at 8:10 a.m. and takes 90 minutes to complete, at what time will it be finished?

<p>9:40 a.m. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The standard unit of length is the centimeter.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

1 meter is equal to 100 centimeters.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

We can measure the length of a straight line with a thread.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mass is the amount of space a substance occupies.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The standard unit of mass is the gram.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

1 kilogram is equal to 1000 grams.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A quintal is a unit of mass equal to 100 kg.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

All weighing machines can measure the mass of any object, regardless of its size.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A manual weighing machine is commonly used by sellers of fruits and vegetables.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The volume of a container indicates the amount of solid it can hold.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

One liter is equal to 100 milliliters.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Droppers, beakers and conical flasks can be used to measure the height of liquids.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Doctors recommend drinking about 2 liters of water daily for good health.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A.m. stands for 'After Meridiem'.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

P.m. is used to denote time between 12:00 noon to 12:00 midnight

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the 24-hour clock system, 'a.m.' and 'p.m.' are used.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Temperature is the measure of the coldness of a body.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The standard unit of temperature is degree Celsius.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Converting from centimeters to millimeters involves multiplying by 100.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The standard unit of length is the kilogram.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A road lane with a standard width of 3.7 cm is wider than a road lane that is 3.7 m wide.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

To measure the length of a winding river on a map, one could accurately use a ruler by approximating it as a series of straight segments.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A milligram is a larger unit of mass than a gram.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Measuring the mass of a feather requires a weighing machine with the same capacity as one used to measure the mass of a truck.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The mass of an object is different when measured on the Earth compared to the Moon due to varying gravitational forces.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

200000 kg is 2000 quintals.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A manual weighing machine used by fruits and vegetable sellers is unsuitable for measuring the weight of gold.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A beaker is more appropriate than a measuring cylinder for precise measurement of liquid volumes.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a container has a volume of 5 liters, it can precisely hold 5500 milliliters of liquid.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consuming 1 liter of water daily fulfills the daily hydration requirements advised by doctors.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The abbreviation 'am' denotes the time period from noon to midnight.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Converting 8:00 p.m. from the 12-hour clock system to the 24-hour system results in 20:00.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

There are 360 days in a year.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A temperature of 65°C is colder than a temperature of 149°F.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Early watches from the 16th century were predominantly digital electronic watches.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A clinical thermometer is specifically designed to measure the temperature of the surrounding environment, not body temperature.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The standard unit of length is the ______.

<p>metre</p> Signup and view all the answers

Short lengths are commonly measured in ______.

<p>centimetre</p> Signup and view all the answers

Very tiny lengths are measured in ______.

<p>millimetre</p> Signup and view all the answers

Long distances are measured in ______.

<p>kilometres</p> Signup and view all the answers

The standard unit of mass is the ______.

<p>kilogram</p> Signup and view all the answers

Objects with smaller mass are measured in ______ and milligrams.

<p>gram</p> Signup and view all the answers

Objects with greater mass are measured in kilograms and ______.

<p>ton</p> Signup and view all the answers

We use a ______ to measure the mass of objects.

<p>weighing machine</p> Signup and view all the answers

The standard unit of volume of any liquid is ______ (L).

<p>litre</p> Signup and view all the answers

The smaller amount of liquid is measured in ______ (mL).

<p>millilitre</p> Signup and view all the answers

Instruments such as measuring cylinders, beakers and ______ flasks are used to measure capacity or volume of liquids.

<p>conical</p> Signup and view all the answers

[Blank] is the measure of the period between two events or activities.

<p>time</p> Signup and view all the answers

A.m. stands for Ante Meridiem which means before ______.

<p>noon</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pm, stands for Post Meridiem which means after ______.

<p>noon</p> Signup and view all the answers

60 ______ = 1 minute

<p>seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

[Blank] is the measure of hotness or coldness of a body or environment.

<p>temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

It is measured by an instrument called ______.

<p>thermometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

The standard unit of temperature is ______ (K).

<p>Kelvin</p> Signup and view all the answers

The measure of how long an object is, is known as its ______.

<p>length</p> Signup and view all the answers

While the standard unit of length is the metre, shorter lengths are commonly measured in ______.

<p>centimetre</p> Signup and view all the answers

To measure the length of a bent pipe, one can use a ______ to trace the curve, then measure the straightened thread.

<p>thread</p> Signup and view all the answers

______ is defined as the amount of matter a substance contains.

<p>mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

While grams are used for smaller masses, heavier objects are typically measured in ______.

<p>kilograms</p> Signup and view all the answers

The world's heaviest animal, the blue whale, can weigh up to 200,000 ______.

<p>kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

A ______, which equals 100 kg, is a unit of mass used to measure very heavy quantities.

<p>quintal</p> Signup and view all the answers

To determine the mass of an object, one would use a ______.

<p>weighing machine</p> Signup and view all the answers

A ______ is used to measure the capacity or volume of liquids.

<p>beaker</p> Signup and view all the answers

The amount of liquid a container can hold is known as its ______.

<p>volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

To measure the weight of heavy vehicles, a special type of ______ machine is required.

<p>weighing</p> Signup and view all the answers

If it is 10:00 in the morning, in the 12 hour clock system it is represented as 10:00 ______.

<p>a.m.</p> Signup and view all the answers

If an event is scheduled to start at 3:00 in the afternoon, the time is represented as 3:00 ______.

<p>p.m.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A ______ thermometer used to measure the temperature of our surroundings

<p>weather</p> Signup and view all the answers

The first digital electronic watch was produced in 1970 by ______ Watch.

<p>Hamilton</p> Signup and view all the answers

The instrument used to measure temperature is called a ______.

<p>thermometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

Drinking adequate amount of water is important as water increases our ______.

<p>energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ unit of temperature is Kelvin (K).

<p>standard</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is length?

<p>Length is the measure of how long an object is.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name three tools that can measure length.

<p>Ruler, meter scale (rod), measuring tape</p> Signup and view all the answers

Convert 1 km to meters.

<p>1000 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is mass?

<p>The amount of matter a substance contains</p> Signup and view all the answers

Convert 1 kg to grams.

<p>1000 g</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the capacity or volume of a container tell us?

<p>The amount of liquid a container can hold.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard unit of volume for liquids?

<p>Litre (L)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Give an example of an instrument used to measure the volume of liquids.

<p>Measuring cylinder or beaker or conical flask</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'a.m.' stand for?

<p>Ante Meridiem</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many hours are there in 1 day?

<p>24 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal temperature of the human body in degrees Celsius?

<p>37 °C</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain why a fruit vendor would likely use a manual weighing machine instead of a digital one.

<p>Manual weighing machines are often more durable, less expensive, and do not require a power source, making them suitable for outdoor environments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe a scenario where accuracy in volume measurement is crucial, and identify the appropriate instrument for that measurement.

<p>In a lab when mixing chemicals for an experiment, the volume of each chemical needs to be accurate. A measuring cylinder would be appropriate as this is the most accurate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a doctor advises a patient to drink 2 liters of water per day, how many milliliters is that?

<p>2000 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

Convert 2:00 p.m. into the 24-hour clock system.

<p>14:00</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain why knowing the ambient temperature is important in a hospital setting.

<p>Maintaining appropriate room temperature is important for patient comfort as well as preventing the growth of pathogens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Differentiate between the use of a clinical thermometer and a laboratory thermometer.

<p>A clinical thermometer is specialized to accurately measure human body temperature, whereas a laboratory thermometer is designed to measure a wider range of temperatures of various substances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to use calibrated weighing machines in scientific research?

<p>Calibrated weighing machines ensure accurate measurements, which are crucial for reliable and reproducible results in scientific experiments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Considering that water helps maintain body temperature, predict what might happen if someone doesn't drink enough water on a hot day.

<p>The person may have difficulty regulating their body temperature and could overheat, potentially leading to heatstroke or dehydration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the significance of understanding a.m. and p.m. when scheduling appointments or meetings.

<p>Understanding a.m. and p.m. prevents scheduling conflicts and ensures that events occur at the intended time of day, avoiding confusion between morning and afternoon/evening.</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a recipe requires 500 mL of water, which common kitchen tool could you use to measure this amount if you don't have a measuring cylinder?

<p>You could use a measuring cup. These often have markings for fluid ounces and milliliters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain why it's more practical to measure the distance between two cities in kilometers rather than millimeters.

<p>Kilometers are a larger unit of measurement, making it easier to represent long distances like those between cities with manageable numbers. Using millimeters would result in very large, impractical numbers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A tailor is measuring fabric for a dress. Would they likely use a ruler, a meter stick, or a measuring tape? Why?

<p>A measuring tape. Measuring tapes are flexible and can conform to the curves and contours of the body or fabric, providing more accurate measurements for clothing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you need to measure the thickness of a coin, which unit of length – kilometer, meter, centimeter, or millimeter – would be the most appropriate?

<p>Millimeter (mm)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe how you would measure the length of a winding river on a map using a thread.

<p>Place a thread along the course of the river on the map, marking its start and end points on the thread. Then, straighten the thread and measure its length with a ruler or measuring tape to determine the river's length on the map.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to have different units of mass (e.g., milligram, gram, kilogram, ton)?

<p>Different units allow us to accurately and conveniently measure objects of varying sizes and weights, from small quantities of medicine (milligrams) to large vehicles (tons).</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the difference between mass and length. Can you measure both using the same tool? Why or why not?

<p>Mass is the amount of matter in an object, while length is a measure of how long an object is. You cannot measure both with the same tool because they measure different properties; mass is measured using a weighing machine, and length is measured using a ruler or tape measure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why would you choose a digital weighing machine over a traditional beam balance for measuring the mass of a precise chemical sample in a laboratory?

<p>Digital weighing machines provide a more precise and accurate reading compared to traditional beam balances, which is crucial when measuring chemical samples where even small variations in mass can be significant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a truck is carrying 500 bags of cement, and each bag weighs 50 kg, what is the total weight of the cement in quintals?

<p>250 quintals</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how one could accurately measure the length of a winding river using tools typically available in a classroom.

<p>A thread or string can be used to trace the course of the river on a map. Then, the length of the thread can be measured using a ruler, applying a known scale to determine the actual river length.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A fruit seller tells you that a bag of apples weighs 2.5 kilograms. Convert this weight into grams and then into milligrams. Show your work.

<ol start="2"> <li>5 kg = 2.5 * 1000 g = 2500 g; 2500 g = 2500 * 1000 mg = 2,500,000 mg</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

A truck is loaded with 50 bags of cement, each weighing 50 kg. What is the total weight of the cement in quintals and tons?

<p>Total weight = 50 bags * 50 kg/bag = 2500 kg; In quintals: 2500 kg / 100 kg/quintal = 25 quintals; In tons: 2500 kg / 1000 kg/ton = 2.5 tons</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the concept of 'mass' differ from 'weight,' and which unit of measurement discussed in the text is directly related to mass?

<p>Mass is the amount of matter in an object, while weight is the force of gravity acting on that mass. The kilogram (kg) is the unit of measurement directly related to mass.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain why measuring the mass of a feather might require a different type of weighing machine than measuring the mass of a car.

<p>A feather has a very small mass, requiring a highly sensitive weighing machine to detect its weight accurately. A car's mass is much larger, necessitating a robust machine designed to handle heavy loads without damaging the equipment or sacrificing precision.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is length?

Measure of how long an object is.

Standard unit of length?

Metre (m).

How many cm in 1 m?

100 cm.

How to measure a bent pipe's length?

Run a string along it, then measure the string.

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What is mass?

Amount of matter in a substance.

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Standard unit of mass?

Kilogram (kg).

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How many grams in 1 kg?

1000 g.

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Tool to measure mass?

A weighing machine.

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Volume (Capacity)

The amount of liquid a container can hold.

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Litre (L)

The standard unit for measuring liquid volume.

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Millilitre (mL)

A smaller unit for measuring liquid volume (1 L = 1000 mL).

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a.m. (Ante Meridiem)

Used to write the morning time.

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p.m. (Post Meridiem)

Used to write the afternoon and night time.

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Time

The measure of the period between two events or activities.

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1 Minute

60 seconds

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1 Hour

60 minutes

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Temperature

The measure of hotness or coldness.

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Thermometer

Instrument used to measure temperature.

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How could you measure the length of a bent pipe?

Run a string along it, then measure the string.

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What is standard unit of mass?

Kilogram (kg).

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What to use to measure mass?

A weighing machine or balance

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Measuring tools for volume

Instruments used to measure liquid volume.

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Why is water important?

Water helps maintain body temperature, boosts energy, improves skin, and removes toxins.

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When do we use p.m.?

From 12:00 noon to 12:00 midnight.

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Converting to 24-hour time

12 hours + the given hour of the afternoon.

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1 Day

24 hours

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1 Year

365 days

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Degree Celsius (°C)

The common unit of temperature measurement.

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Degree Fahrenheit (°F)

The common unit of temperature measurement.

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Clinical thermometer

Used by doctors to measure body temperature.

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Weather thermometer

Used to measure the temperature of the surroundings.

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How many meters in 1 km?

1000 meters

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Blue Whale

The world's heaviest animal. It can weigh up to 200,000 kg.

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What is 1 quintal?

100 kilograms

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Unit Conversion

The units can be converted from larger to smaller or vice versa.

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Objects with smaller mass

Objects with smaller mass are measured in gram (g) and milligram (mg).

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Objects with greater mass

Objects with greater mass are measured in kilograms (kg) and ton.

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Volume or Capacity

Tells the amount of liquid a container can hold.

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Volume Measuring Tools

Instruments like measuring cylinders, beakers, and flasks.

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a.m.

Before Noon

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p.m.

After Noon

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24-Hour Clock

The number of hours and minutes since midnight.

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Laboratory thermometer

Instrument that measures temperature to measure temperature of substances.

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Laboratory Thermometer

Used to measure temperature of substances.

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Normal Body Temp

37°C or 98.6°F

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Recommended Water Intake

Advisable daily intake for a healthy body

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What does length measure?

Measure of how long something is; includes width, height, and thickness.

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Unit to measure tiny lengths?

Millimeter (mm).

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Unit to measure long distances?

Kilometre (km).

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What indicates weight?

Amount of matter in a substance, indicating how heavy it is.

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Units for small masses?

Gram (g) and milligram (mg).

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Units for large masses?

Kilograms (kg) and ton.

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What is a ton?

Mass of 1000 kg.

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What does quintal measure?

Used to measure very heavy quantities; It's equal to 100 kg.

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Kelvin (K)

The standard unit of temperature, also commonly measured in Celsius (°C) or Fahrenheit (°F).

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Celsius (°C)

A commonly used unit for measuring temperature where water freezes at 0°C and boils at 100°C.

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Fahrenheit (°F)

Another commonly used unit for measuring temperature, particularly in the United States.

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Normal Body Temperature

The typical internal temperature range for a healthy human being.

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What is a Ruler?

A tool used to measure length.

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How many mg in 1 g?

1000 milligrams

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What are Weighing Machines?

Machines that measure weight or mass.

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How many cm in 1 meter?

100 centimeters

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How many mm in a cm?

10 millimeters

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What is Volume?

Amount of water, milk, or other liquid a container can hold.

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PTM timings

May 14th at 9:00 a.m. to 12:30 p.m.

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What does a.m. mean?

Before noon

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What does p.m. mean?

After noon

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What is Temperature?

How hot or cold something is.

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What is a weighing machine?

Tells how much something weighs.

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Kelvin (K), Celsius(°C), Fahrenheit(°F)

Unit to measure temperature.

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What unit is 'metre'?

The standard unit for measuring length.

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What's a centimetre?

A smaller unit of length.

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Define Mass

Amount of matter in an object.

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Weighing Machine

Tool used to measure the mass of an object.

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Measure very tiny lengths?

Millimetre (mm).

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Manual weighing machine

Scales typically used by fruit and vegetable vendors.

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Gold weighing machine

Scales designed for precise measurement of gold.

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Human weighing scale

Used for measuring a person's body weight.

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Animal weighing machine

A scale designed to weigh animals.

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Hospital weighing scale

Scales used to check patient weights for health monitoring.

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Digital lab scale

Highly accurate scales used for precise lab experiments.

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Vehicle weighing machine

Used for weighing large vehicles like trucks.

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Human body temperature

The normal temperature of the human body

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Liquid Volume Tools

Tools used to measure the volume or capacity of liquids.

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Capacity (Volume)

The amount of liquid a container can hold.

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°C to °F

1 °C equals 33.8 °F

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What is a metre?

The standard unit for measuring length.

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What is a millimetre?

A very small unit for measuring length.

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What is a kilometre?

A unit to measure long distances.

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What is a kilogram?

The unit to measure the amount of mass.

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Capacity

The amount of liquid a container can hold.

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Ton

A unit of mass equal to 1000 kilograms.

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1 gram (g)

1000 milligrams

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Study Notes

Measuring Length

  • Length measures how long an object extends.
  • Rulers, meter sticks/rods, and measuring tapes can measure length, width, height, and thickness.
  • The meter (m) is the standard unit of length.
  • Centimeters (cm) measure shorter lengths.
  • Millimeters (mm) measure very tiny lengths.
  • Kilometers (km) measure long distances.
  • Example: A science book is 8 mm thick and 28 cm long.
  • A standard road lane is 3.7 m wide.
  • Units can be converted between larger and smaller scales.
  • 1 km = 1000 m
  • 1 m = 100 cm
  • 1 cm = 10 mm
  • The length of a bent pipe is measurable using a thread, which is then measured with a measuring tape.

Measuring Mass

  • Mass indicates the amount of matter a substance holds.
  • Determines how light or heavy an object is.
  • Objects containing more mass are generally heavy.
  • Kilogram (kg) is the standard unit of mass.
  • Grams (g) and milligrams (mg) are used for objects with smaller masses.
  • Kilograms (kg) and tons are used for objects with greater masses.
  • Larger units of mass can be converted into smaller units.
  • 1 ton = 1000 kg
  • 1 kg = 1000 g
  • 1 g = 1000 mg
  • The blue whale is the world's heaviest animal, weighing up to 200,000 kg.
  • Quintal is another unit of mass, where 1 quintal = 100 kg.
  • A weighing machine measures the mass of objects.
  • Different weighing machines exist for objects of varying mass.
  • Lightweight or very heavy objects need specific weighing machines.
  • Fruit and vegetable sellers use manual weighing machines.
  • Weighing machines can measure the weight of gold, humans, and animals.
  • Weighing machines are used in hospitals and laboratories.
  • Digital weighing machines are used in laboratories.
  • Weighing machines are used to weigh heavy vehicles.

Measuring Volume

  • Volume or capacity refers to the amount of liquid a container can hold.
  • The liter (L) is the standard unit of volume.
  • Milliliter (mL) is used for smaller amounts of liquid.
  • 1 liter = 1000 milliliters
  • Measuring cylinders, beakers, and conical flasks measure liquid volume.

Instruments for Measuring Liquids

  • Droppers
  • Measuring cylinders
  • Beakers
  • Conical flasks
  • Measuring cups measure milk or oil

Importance of Water

  • Water is essential, and doctors recommend drinking about 2 liters daily.
  • Adequate water intake maintains body temperature, increases energy, improves skin texture, and flushes out toxins.

Measuring Time

  • Time measures the period between two events.
  • a.m. stands for Ante Meridiem (before noon).
  • p.m. stands for Post Meridiem (after noon).
  • a.m. is used for morning time.
  • p.m. is used for afternoon and night time.
  • 12-hour and 24-hour clock systems exist.
  • a.m. and p.m. are used in the 12-hour clock system.
  • The 24-hour clock shows hours and minutes since midnight.

Units of Time

  • 60 seconds = 1 minute
  • 60 minutes = 1 hour
  • 24 hours = 1 day
  • 365 days = 1 year
  • 10:25 a.m. means 10 hours and 25 minutes of a day.
  • 3:15 p.m. means 15 hours (12 hours + 3 hours) and 15 minutes of a day.

Historical Facts About Time

  • Watches were first developed in the 17th century.
  • Pocket watches were common in the 1920s.
  • The first digital electronic watch was produced in 1970 by Hamilton Watch.

Measuring Temperature

  • Temperature measures the hotness or coldness of a body or environment.
  • A thermometer measures temperature.
  • The standard unit of temperature is Kelvin (K).
  • Degree Celsius (°C) and degree Fahrenheit (°F) are also commonly used.

Types of Thermometers

  • Clinical thermometers measure body temperature.
  • Weather thermometers measure the temperature of surroundings.
  • Laboratory thermometers measure the temperature of substances.

Unit Conversion For Temperature

  • 1°C = 33.8 °F
  • 1°F = -17.22 °C
  • The normal human body temperature is 37 °C or 98.6 °F.

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Description

Learn about measuring length using meters, centimeters, and millimeters. Understand the relationships between these units. Also, learn about measuring mass using kilograms, grams and milligrams.

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