Radiography Quiz

<p>Luminous intensity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Derived units can only be expressed in terms of fundamental units. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1 Coulomb = 1 Ampere x 1 Second (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Power (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>373 K (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alpha rays (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are stream of electrons. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are electromagnetic waves. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Their penetrating power. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>X-rays while studying high voltage discharge. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Numeric part and unit (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>0.1-0.5 Å (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sending radar signals and measuring the time for the echo (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They chemically change them. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It should be easily reproducible (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>X-rays cannot be focused by a lens. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>3 x 10^8 m/second (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metre - kilogram - second (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>3.08 x 10^16 m (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fermi (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Distance of the moon (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>0.5% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It increases directly. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thermionic emitter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>100 kVp (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thermionic emission (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tube current (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are more loosely bound. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bremsstrahlung radiation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Kinetic energy increases as kVp increases. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$1.12 imes 10^{-14} J$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They convert kinetic energy into thermal and electromagnetic energy. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$1.6 imes 10^{7} m/sec$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are raised to an excited state without ionization. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increasing the number of electrons reaching the target. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1 to 3 cm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The speed of light (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Resistance increases due to heating. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Substances that offer no resistance to current flow. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because electrons form cooperative clouds at low temperatures. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>AC's magnitude and direction change periodically. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DC requires twice the current of AC to generate the same heat. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Substances that do not obey Ohm's law. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Near absolute zero, specifically below 10 K. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conductivity decreases as temperature rises. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A measurement consists of two parts: a numeric value and a unit.

Comparing a physical quantity to a standard unit.

Using indirect methods to calculate a quantity, like finding the distance to the moon using radar.

A standard, reproducible, and unchanging value used for comparison.

A system of units used for scientific measurements, based on the meter, kilogram, and second.

A unit of length equal to one trillionth of a meter.

A unit of length equal to one ten-billionth of a meter.

The distance that light travels in one year.

The electrical resistance of a material is inversely proportional to its electrical conductivity.

Ohm's law states that the current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage applied across its ends, provided the temperature and other physical conditions remain constant.

Materials that do not obey Ohm's law, meaning the relationship between voltage and current is not linear.

The resistance of a conductor increases as its temperature increases due to increased collisions between electrons and vibrating atoms.

Materials with zero electrical resistance at extremely low temperatures.

An electric current that changes direction periodically, creating a wave-like pattern.

An electric current that flows in one direction only, constant in magnitude.

Rectification converts alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC).

The unit of electric current in the International System of Units (SI). It's defined as the constant current that, if maintained in two straight parallel conductors of infinite length, of negligible circular cross-section, and placed 1 meter apart in vacuum, would produce between these conductors a force equal to 2 x 10^-7 newton per meter of length.

The unit of temperature in the International System of Units (SI). It's based on absolute zero, the lowest theoretically possible temperature, which is -273.15 degrees Celsius.

The unit of luminous intensity in the International System of Units (SI). It's a measure of how much light a source emits in a specific direction.

The unit of amount of substance in the International System of Units (SI). It's defined as the amount of substance containing as many elementary entities as there are atoms in 0.012 kilogram of carbon-12.

Physical quantities that are considered fundamental and independent. Their units are used to define other units.

Physical quantities that are derived from fundamental quantities. Their units are expressed in terms of fundamental units.

The unit of power in the International System of Units (SI). It's defined as the rate at which work is done or energy is transferred, equivalent to one joule per second.

The unit of electric charge in the International System of Units (SI). It's defined as the amount of charge that flows through a conductor in one second when a current of one ampere is maintained.

Rays emitted from radioactive substances, consisting of positively charged helium nuclei.

Rays emitted from radioactive substances, consisting of high-energy electrons.

Electromagnetic radiation emitted from radioactive substances, consisting of photons.

Electromagnetic radiation that can penetrate objects, used in medical imaging and other applications.

The process of removing electrons from atoms, often caused by high-energy radiation.

The ability of radiation to pass through matter.

The emission of light by a substance when exposed to radiation.

The ability of radiation to be deflected by a magnetic field.

X-rays are produced when high-speed electrons from the cathode of an X-ray tube collide with the tungsten anode, causing them to lose their kinetic energy.

The kinetic energy of an electron is directly proportional to the voltage applied to the X-ray tube. This means increasing the voltage (kVp) will increase the electron's kinetic energy.

The intensity and energy of the X-ray beam increase as the kinetic energy of the electrons increase (by raising kVp).

When high-speed electrons hit the target atoms, they interact with either the orbital electrons or the nucleus, leading to the conversion of kinetic energy into heat and electromagnetic radiation.

Most of the electron's kinetic energy is converted into heat, as the outer electrons of the target atom are excited to higher energy levels rather than being fully ionized.

The conversion of kinetic energy into electromagnetic radiation primarily results in the emission of infra-red radiation, and some X-rays.

The interactions of high-speed electrons with the target atom happen within a very small depth of penetration, as the electrons quickly slow down and come to rest.

The electrons that are slowed down are then conducted through the X-ray anode assembly and out into associated electronics circuitry.

The process of electrons being emitted from a heated surface. This occurs when the heat energy provides enough energy to overcome the binding force of the atoms, allowing electrons to escape.

X-rays produced when high-energy electrons are slowed down by the strong electric field surrounding the nucleus of an atom. The electrons lose energy, and this energy is emitted as X-rays.

The production of heat in the anode of an X-ray tube is primarily due to the kinetic energy of high-speed electrons being converted to heat upon impact. This is a result of the electrons colliding with the anode material.

The efficiency of X-ray production increases as the kVp (kilovoltage peak) increases. This means that a higher kVp leads to a higher percentage of electron kinetic energy being converted to X-rays.

The amount of heat produced in the anode of an X-ray tube increases directly with an increase in tube current. Doubling the current doubles the heat generated.

The efficiency of X-ray production is not influenced by the tube current. This means that changing the current doesn't affect the percentage of electron energy converted to X-rays.

Outer shell electrons in atoms are loosely bound and can be easily released when heated. This release of electrons is called thermionic emission.

When excited outer shell electrons return to their normal energy level, they release energy in the form of infrared radiation or heat. This constant excitation and return of electrons is why heat is generated in the anode.