Measurement and SI Units Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What are the two parts that must be present for a measurement to be meaningful?

  • A scale and a standard
  • A number and a unit (correct)
  • An estimate and a measurement
  • A label and a description

    • Which system of units is based on the metric system and was established through international agreement in 1960?

  • Customary Units
  • Metric System
  • Imperial System
  • SI System (correct)

    • Which of the following is NOT a fundamental quantity?

  • Distance (correct)
  • Temperature
  • Mass
  • Electric current

    • What is the basic unit of mass in the SI system?

    <p>Kilogram</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What prefix in the SI system indicates a factor of 10^-3?

    <p>Milli-</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a base unit in the SI system?

    <p>Newton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents a measurement of time in the SI system?

    <p>s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the SI system, what does 'Cd' stand for?

    <p>Candela</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which unit is a fundamental quantity in the CGS system?

    <p>Second</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of quantity is volume classified as?

    <p>Derived quantity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is volume commonly expressed in the metric system?

    <p>In cubic meters or liters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of significant figures, what is a non-zero integer considered?

    <p>Always significant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes leading zeros in a measurement?

    <p>Never significant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum volume a liter can be converted to in cubic centimeters?

    <p>1000 cm³</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the measurement 20.1, what part is considered the uncertain digit?

    <p>1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which combination can be used to express 1 liter using cubic centimeters?

    <p>1 L = 10³ cm³</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct scientific notation for the mass of a carbon atom?

    <p>2.0 X 10^{-23} grams</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many significant figures are present in the result of the calculation 4.56 x 1.4?

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In addition and subtraction, how is the precision of the result determined?

    <p>By the least number of decimal places</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes accuracy in measurements?

    <p>Agreement with the true value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes a random error in measurements?

    <p>Equal probability of high or low values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When calculating $22.13 + 17.0 + 2.024$, what is the correct final answer considering significant figures?

    <p>41.2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between precision and accuracy?

    <p>Precision refers to consistency; accuracy refers to closeness to true value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding systematic errors?

    <p>They are predictable and occur consistently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many significant figures are in the number 100?

    <p>One</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of captive zeros in a number?

    <p>They are always counted as significant figures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following numbers contains exactly four significant figures?

    <p>1.008</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are trailing zeros treated in significant figures?

    <p>They count only if the number contains a decimal point.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be assumed about exact numbers in terms of significant figures?

    <p>They are considered to have infinite significant figures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which number is correctly represented in scientific notation with two significant figures?

    <p>2.0 x 10^-4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When converting 2300000 into scientific notation, which of the following is correct?

    <p>2.3 x 10^6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the speed of light, 300,000 km/s, be written in scientific notation?

    <p>3.00 x 10^5 km/s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the SI unit for volume?

    <p>Cubic meter (m³)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many grams are in one pound?

    <p>453.59 grams</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between kilometers and miles?

    <p>1 km = 0.62137 miles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a gallon is equivalent to how many liters?

    <p>3.7854 liters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the conversion 1 cm equal in inches represent?

    <p>0.39370 inches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the SI unit for mass?

    <p>Kilogram (kg)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conversions is incorrect?

    <p>1 liter = 10 dm3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A student has entered a 10.0 km run. How many miles does this run equal approximately?

    <p>6.2137 miles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Measurement

    • Measurements in science are quantitative, consisting of a number and a unit.
    • The SI (International System) is the standard system of units used in science.

    SI Units

    • The base SI units include:
      • Mass: kilogram (kg)
      • Length: meter (m)
      • Time: second (s)
      • Temperature: kelvin (K)
      • Electric current: ampere (A)
      • Amount of substance: mole (mol)
      • Luminous intensity: candela (Cd)
    • Prefixes are used to multiply units by powers of 10, allowing for easier expression of very small or large quantities.

    Basic Types of Quantity

    • Fundamental quantities are basic measurements, with direct units.
      • Examples include length, mass, and time.
    • Derived quantities are combinations of fundamental quantities.
      • Examples include area, volume, and density.
    • Volume:
      • 1 L = 1 (dm)3 = (10 cm)3 = 1000 cm3
      • 1 cm3 = 1 mL
      • 1 L = 1000 cm3 = 1000 mL

    Significant Figures

    • Significant figures represent the certainty of a measurement.
    • Rules for counting significant figures:
      • Non-zero integers are always significant.
      • Leading zeros (zeros before non-zero digits) are not significant.
      • Captive zeros (zeros between non-zero digits) are significant.
      • Trailing zeros (zeros at the end of a number) are significant only if the number contains a decimal point.
      • Exact numbers (from counting or definitions) have an infinite number of significant figures.

    Scientific Notation

    • Used to express very large or small numbers conveniently.
    • Uses a power-of-10 notation.

    Rules for Significant Figures in Mathematical Operations

    • Multiplication or division: The result has the same number of significant figures as the least precise measurement.
    • Addition or subtraction: The result has the same number of decimal places as the least precise measurement.

    Precision and Accuracy

    • Accuracy refers to the closeness of a measurement to the true value.
    • Precision refers to the reproducibility of a measurement.
    • Random errors have equal probability of being high or low.
    • Systematic errors occur in the same direction each time.

    Dimensional Analysis

    • A method used to convert between different units.
    • Uses conversion factors to ensure that the units cancel out correctly.
    • Example: To convert kilometers to miles, use the conversion factor 1 mile = 1.6093 km.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the fundamentals of measurement in science, including the International System of Units (SI) and its base units. This quiz covers key concepts such as fundamental and derived quantities and the significance of significant figures in measurements.

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