Measles Case Study Quiz

<p>It produces a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They forcibly vaccinated more than 100 children. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To block microbial access to deeper tissues (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blood vessels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Papular (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epithelial tissue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Retina (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vesicular (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Widespread skin rash with systemic symptoms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epidermis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>HSV-1 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Humans (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acyclovir (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Direct or indirect contact (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Variola major (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Specific medical treatments (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cornea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primarily through sexual contact (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It coats the bacteria with fibrin, walling off the infection. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can interfere with cell wall synthesis. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Superficial infection of hair follicles. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vancomycin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exfoliative toxin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Furuncle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By forming a fibrin wall around the infection. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Surgical drainage and antibiotic therapy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They mostly affect cool, moist, keratinized tissues. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tinea cruris - groin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Malassezia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tinea capitis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It occurs between areas where skin touches and rubs together. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Invasion of the stratum corneum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Candida albicans (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fungi can be filamentous or single-celled. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Candida (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Culturing, PCR amplification, and confocal microscopy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Natamycin or Amphotericin B (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It exists as a cyst under unfavorable conditions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Persistent eye redness, pain, and tearing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The toxic shock syndrome toxin is secreted from another site. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is encapsulated and grows in chains. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acanthamoeba species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The superficial layer of skin, composed of five layers and dead keratinocytes (cells containing keratin).

The deep layer of skin, made of connective tissue and containing cells, blood vessels, nerves, hair follicles, and sweat glands.

A widespread skin rash accompanied by systemic symptoms (like fever, malaise, or headache), caused by an infectious agent or a reaction to a toxin.

A rash on mucous membranes.

Eyelids, cornea, lens, iris, pupil, and sclera.

Retina, macula, and vitreous humor.

The skin acts to block microbial access to deeper tissues.

Epithelial tissues lining the inside of the body that protect and are continuous with the skin in some locations.

A highly contagious virus causing a macular rash.

A flat, discolored rash that appears on the skin.

Inflammation of the brain caused by a virus.

The time between exposure to a virus and the appearance of symptoms.

An antiviral medication used to treat viral infections.

An HSV-1 infection of the fingers, often caused by skin abrasions. It's a common occurrence among healthcare professionals and children.

An outbreak of HSV-1 infection on the neck, face, and arms, frequently seen in athletes like rugby players and wrestlers.

A persistent HSV-1 infection that can penetrate deeper into the skin, especially in individuals with weakened immune systems.

A corneal infection caused by HSV-1, potentially resulting in vision problems.

Spread through direct or indirect contact with the virus, such as inhaling aerosolized particles or touching contaminated objects.

The virus replicates in lymph nodes and organs, spreading through the bloodstream and infecting internal organs and bone marrow.

Small sores appear on the oral mucosa, an early sign of smallpox infection.

Pox pustules develop on the skin, a characteristic symptom of smallpox infection.

A type of staphylococcus bacteria commonly found on the skin, often a normal inhabitant.

A type of staphylococcus bacteria that can cause skin infections, commonly found in the nose.

An enzyme produced by S.aureus that helps it form a protective wall around itself, making it harder for the immune system to fight it.

A superantigen produced by S.aureus that can cause a severe condition called toxic shock syndrome.

A superantigen produced by S.aureus that causes blistering skin conditions in children, known as scalded-skin syndrome.

A superficial infection of hair follicles caused by S.aureus.

A deep infection of hair follicles caused by S.aureus, resulting in a painful, pus-filled bump.

A strain of S.aureus that is resistant to the antibiotic methicillin, making it more difficult to treat.

Fungi that thrive on keratinized tissues like skin, hair, and nails. They cause most common fungal skin infections.

A general term for fungal skin infections, often characterized by ring-shaped lesions.

Fungal infection of the scalp, common in children. Can have two varieties: Black Dot Tinea Capitis (BDTC) and Gray Patch Tinea Capitis (GPTC).

Ringworm on the body surface, excluding the groin. Lesion is round or ring-shaped and itches.

Fungal infection in the groin area, also known as 'jock itch'.

Fungal infection of the foot, commonly known as 'athlete's foot'.

Fungal infection affecting the nails, also known as 'onychomycosis'.

Long-term skin infection caused by the yeast Malassezia, not a dermatophyte. Causes hypopigmented skin patches. Prevalent in warm, humid climates.

Infection of the cornea caused by fungi like Fusarium, Aspergillus, and Candida. It can be diagnosed by culturing, PCR, or microscopy. Invasive cases need systemic treatment, while superficial ones are treated with Natamycin or Amphotericin B.

A parasitic infection of the cornea caused by the Acanthamoeba protozoa found in water, soil, and air. It causes redness, pain, and blurry vision. Contact lens wearers are at higher risk.

The main risk factors include exposure to environmental fungi, trauma to the eye, and compromised immune systems.

The main risk factors include contact lens wear, exposure to contaminated water, and trauma to the eye.

Common symptoms include redness, pain, sensitivity to light, and blurred vision. You may notice a feeling of something in your eye, as well as discomfort and tearing.

For superficial infections: Topical antifungal medications like Natamycin or Amphotericin B. For invasive infections: Systemic antifungal medications are used.

Acanthamoeba keratitis is notoriously difficult to treat, and prolonged treatment is needed. Typically, a combination of topical antibiotics, antifungals, and antiparasitic medications are used.

SSSS is a serious skin infection caused by toxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus. It doesn't always involve visible bacteria in blisters, as the toxins cause the skin to peel.