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Questions and Answers
what is the meaning and language of alkimia?
what is the meaning and language of alkimia?
arabic, the art of transformation
the study of composition, structure, properties and change of matter.
the study of composition, structure, properties and change of matter.
Chemistry
the science of matter a n d the change it undergoes through chemical reactions.
the science of matter a n d the change it undergoes through chemical reactions.
Chemistry
It is more on the composition, behavior,
s t r u c t u r e a n d p r o p e r t i e s of m a t t e r.
It is more on the composition, behavior, s t r u c t u r e a n d p r o p e r t i e s of m a t t e r.
what is the meaning and language of the word “keme”?
what is the meaning and language of the word “keme”?
what is the meaning and language of the word “khemia”?
what is the meaning and language of the word “khemia”?
what is the meaning and language of the word “khymeia”?
what is the meaning and language of the word “khymeia”?
what is the meaning and language of the word “khumeia”?
what is the meaning and language of the word “khumeia”?
when does chemistry begin?
when does chemistry begin?
when did humans started using fire?
when did humans started using fire?
what are the earliest examples of chemistry?
what are the earliest examples of chemistry?
what year did humans started to make cermaics out of fire hardening of clays?
what year did humans started to make cermaics out of fire hardening of clays?
when did humans started to isolate pure metals from ores?
when did humans started to isolate pure metals from ores?
when did humans started to make the first alloys
when did humans started to make the first alloys
smelting of fe year
smelting of fe year
egyptians used natural pigments and juices to preserve bodies year
egyptians used natural pigments and juices to preserve bodies year
The first chemical reaction
The first chemical reaction
the first ones to utilize chem without realizing it
the first ones to utilize chem without realizing it
purifying of metals was recognized by - in year -
purifying of metals was recognized by - in year -
the discovery of allots started in - in year of -
the discovery of allots started in - in year of -
advancement in alchemy and metallury were made in -
advancement in alchemy and metallury were made in -
practice associated with myticism and protoscience
practice associated with myticism and protoscience
alchemist was also known as - bc theyre believed to have powers that science cabt explain
alchemist was also known as - bc theyre believed to have powers that science cabt explain
alchemists were believed to have the ability to:
alchemists were believed to have the ability to:
they translated greek and Egyptian works into arabic and made systematic and experimental approach to alchemy.
they translated greek and Egyptian works into arabic and made systematic and experimental approach to alchemy.
around 420 bc, - stated that all matter is made up of four elemental substances: earth, fire, air, water.
around 420 bc, - stated that all matter is made up of four elemental substances: earth, fire, air, water.
introduced the concepts like elements, atoms, shapes of atoms, and chemical combinations
introduced the concepts like elements, atoms, shapes of atoms, and chemical combinations
empirical formula, new theoretical knowledge, political life, military, others
empirical formula, new theoretical knowledge, political life, military, others
middle east and north africa like the arabic culture, arabic number system, algebra and alchemy
middle east and north africa like the arabic culture, arabic number system, algebra and alchemy
alchemy wad the basis of chemistry during this period.
alchemy wad the basis of chemistry during this period.
father of chemistry
father of chemistry
branches of chemistry
branches of chemistry
by 1000 bc, ancient civilizations were applying different branches of chemistry like:
by 1000 bc, ancient civilizations were applying different branches of chemistry like:
Study Notes
Introduction to Chemistry
- Chemistry is the study of composition, structure, properties, and changes of matter.
- The discipline examines chemical reactions that alter matter.
Origins of the Term "Alchemy"
- The word "alchemy" is derived from several ancient terms:
- "Keme" refers to the Egyptian word for black.
- "Khemia" connects to Egyptian land, indicating the origins of alchemy.
- "Khymeia" implies transmutation or transformation processes.
- "Khumeia" encompasses the notion of the study of matter.
Historical Beginnings
- Chemistry's foundation dates back to early human history, with significant milestones:
- Fire usage began approximately 1 million years ago.
- Early examples of chemistry include the production of fire, metalwork, and fermentation.
- Humans started creating ceramics around 29,000 BC through the hardening of clay with fire.
- Isolation of pure metals from ores commenced around 3000 BC.
- The first alloys were produced through the smelting of iron circa 1200 BC.
Ancient Civilizations and Chemistry
- By 1000 BC, ancient civilizations applied various branches of chemistry, often unknowingly.
- Egyptians utilized natural pigments and fluids for embalming around 3000 BC.
- The purifying of metals was recognized by 1500 BC, marking early advancements in metallurgy.
- The discovery of alloys began circa 1000 BC.
Alchemy and Mysticism
- Alchemy was a blend of mysticism and proto-science, seen as the precursor to modern chemistry.
- Alchemists were often regarded as seekers of divine knowledge due to their belief in the transformation of substances.
- They possessed skills in translating Greek and Egyptian texts into Arabic, laying groundwork for systematic chemical study.
Philosophical Contributions
- Around 420 BC, Empedocles posited that all matter is composed of four elemental substances: earth, fire, air, and water.
- Important concepts introduced include elements, atoms, shapes of atoms, and chemical combinations.
Legacy of Alchemy
- The Arabic culture significantly contributed to the progress of chemistry via alchemy, the Arabic numeral system, and algebra.
- Alchemy served as the foundational basis for chemistry in medieval periods, leading to further exploration of chemical properties and reactions.
- The title "Father of Chemistry" is often attributed to notable figures who advanced the field beyond alchemical practices.
Branches of Chemistry
- Chemistry encompasses numerous branches, each focusing on specific areas such as organic, inorganic, physical, analytical, and biochemistry.
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