Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the first step in resuscitating an infant who is not making any spontaneous respiratory efforts?
What is the first step in resuscitating an infant who is not making any spontaneous respiratory efforts?
What is the initial respiratory pattern observed in a severely depressed newborn in the first few seconds of life?
What is the initial respiratory pattern observed in a severely depressed newborn in the first few seconds of life?
After 1 or 2 minutes of apnea, what respiratory pattern does the newborn typically exhibit?
After 1 or 2 minutes of apnea, what respiratory pattern does the newborn typically exhibit?
What is the pressure needed to open the lung alveoli for the first time in a newborn?
What is the pressure needed to open the lung alveoli for the first time in a newborn?
Signup and view all the answers
Why is it difficult to distinguish between primary and secondary apnea in a newborn by observation alone?
Why is it difficult to distinguish between primary and secondary apnea in a newborn by observation alone?
Signup and view all the answers
Why do resuscitation measures become more difficult once a newborn enters a period of secondary apnea?
Why do resuscitation measures become more difficult once a newborn enters a period of secondary apnea?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the first priority in the resuscitation of a high-risk newborn?
What is the first priority in the resuscitation of a high-risk newborn?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT one of the eight priority needs for all newborns in the first few days of life?
Which of the following is NOT one of the eight priority needs for all newborns in the first few days of life?
Signup and view all the answers
In addition to establishing extrauterine circulation, what is another key aspect in the priorities for newborns in the first few days of life?
In addition to establishing extrauterine circulation, what is another key aspect in the priorities for newborns in the first few days of life?
Signup and view all the answers
What action must be included in resuscitation if a newborn's respiratory depression becomes severe?
What action must be included in resuscitation if a newborn's respiratory depression becomes severe?
Signup and view all the answers
When should cardiac massage be included in the resuscitation process for a high-risk newborn?
When should cardiac massage be included in the resuscitation process for a high-risk newborn?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary factor determining the prognosis of a high-risk newborn?
What is the primary factor determining the prognosis of a high-risk newborn?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary cause of neonatal deaths within the first 48 hours after birth?
What is the primary cause of neonatal deaths within the first 48 hours after birth?
Signup and view all the answers
If a newborn does not establish effective respiratory action immediately after birth, what condition is likely to occur?
If a newborn does not establish effective respiratory action immediately after birth, what condition is likely to occur?
Signup and view all the answers
Which condition can contribute to an infant experiencing acidosis at birth?
Which condition can contribute to an infant experiencing acidosis at birth?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the recommended initial intervention for clearing a newborn's airway?
What is the recommended initial intervention for clearing a newborn's airway?
Signup and view all the answers
Why is it important for a newborn to establish effective respiratory action immediately after birth?
Why is it important for a newborn to establish effective respiratory action immediately after birth?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the potential consequence if a newborn attempts to raise its body temperature due to chilling?
What is the potential consequence if a newborn attempts to raise its body temperature due to chilling?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Newborn Resuscitation
- An infant who doesn't make an effort to breathe spontaneously requires immediate laryngoscopy to open the airway.
- Deep tracheal suctioning can be performed after laryngoscopy, followed by endotracheal tube insertion and oxygen administration via a positive-pressure bag and mask with 100% oxygen at 40-60 breaths per minute.
Primary and Secondary Apnea
- A newborn may take several weak gasps of air and then stop breathing (primary apnea) in the first few seconds of life.
- The heart rate begins to fall during primary apnea.
- After 1-2 minutes of apnea, the infant tries to initiate respirations with a few strong gasps.
- If the newborn cannot maintain respirations, they enter a period of secondary apnea.
- Resuscitation attempts are successful during primary apnea, but become difficult during secondary apnea.
Resuscitation Priorities
- Resuscitation follows an organized process: establishing and maintaining an airway, expanding the lungs, and initiating and maintaining effective ventilation.
- The pressure needed to open lung alveoli for the first time is 40 cm H2O.
Newborn Priorities in First Days of Life
- Newborns have eight priority needs in the first few days of life:
- Initiation and maintenance of respirations
- Establishment of extrauterine circulation
- Control of body temperature
- Intake of adequate nourishment
- Establishment of waste elimination
- Prevention of infection
- Establishment of an infant–parent relationship
- Developmental care, or care that balances physiologic needs and stimulation for best development
High-Risk Newborns
- Any infant born dysmature (before term or postterm, or who is underweight or overweight for gestational age) is at risk for complications at birth or in the first few days of life.
- Low Apgar score indicates that a newborn is having difficulty making the transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life.
- Prognosis of a high-risk newborn depends primarily on how the first moments of life are managed.
Airway Establishment
- If respiratory activity does not begin immediately, respiratory acidosis will increase, and the blood pH and bicarbonate buffer system will fail.
- Term, bulb syringe suction helps establish a clear airway by removing mucus and preventing aspiration of any mucus and amniotic fluid present in the mouth or nose with the first breath.
- If a newborn does not draw in a first breath spontaneously, suction the infant's mouth and nose with a bulb syringe again, and rub the back to stimulate respirations.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Learn about the organized process of resuscitating high-risk newborns and the eight priority needs in the first few days of life. Topics include establishing an airway, expanding the lungs, and maintaining effective ventilation.
