MB Chapter 10 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

Which process produces oxygen?

Photosynthesis

Which set of reactions uses H2O and produces O2?

The light-dependent reactions

What is the importance of the light-independent reactions in terms of carbon flow in the biosphere?

The light-independent reactions turn CO2, a gas, into usable carbon in the form of sugars.

The light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis use water and produce oxygen.

True Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following molecules is the primary product of photosystem I?

NADPH Signup and view all the answers

What is the biological significance of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?

They convert carbon dioxide to sugar. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between the light-dependent and light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?

The light-dependent reactions produce ATP and NADPH, which are then used by the light-independent reactions. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following reactions ensures that the Calvin cycle can make a continuous supply of glucose?

Regeneration of RuBP Signup and view all the answers

In C3 plants the conservation of water promotes _____

photorespiration Signup and view all the answers

In C4 and CAM plants carbon dioxide is fixed in the _____ of mesophyll cells.

cytoplasm Signup and view all the answers

C4 plants differ from C3 and CAM plants in that C4 plants _____

transfer fixed carbon dioxide to cells in which the Calvin cycle occurs. Signup and view all the answers

The light reactions of photosynthesis supply the Calvin cycle with

ATP and NADPH Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sequences correctly represents the flow of electrons during photosynthesis?

H2O → NADPH → Calvin cycle Signup and view all the answers

How is photosynthesis similar in C4 plants and CAM plants?

In both cases, rubisco is not used to fix carbon initially. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does not occur during the Calvin cycle?

release of oxygen Signup and view all the answers

In the electromagnetic spectrum, the type of radiation that we call visible light occurs between _____

ultraviolet radiation and infrared radiation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a product of the light reactions of photosynthesis?

oxygen, ATP, and NADPH Signup and view all the answers

The overall function of the Calvin cycle is _____

making sugar Signup and view all the answers

C4 plants occur more commonly in desert conditions because _____

they can fix carbon at the lower CO2 concentrations that develop when the stomata are closed. Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic role of CO2 in photosynthesis?

CO2 is fixed or incorporated into organic molecules. Signup and view all the answers

Select the most accurate statement describing the basic function of the light reactions of photosynthesis.

The basic function of the light reactions of photosynthesis is the conversion of solar energy to chemical energy. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Photosynthesis Overview

Photosynthesis is the process that produces oxygen.
It occurs in two main stages: light-dependent reactions and light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle).

Light-Dependent Reactions

Utilize water (H2O) and produce oxygen (O2).
Supply ATP and NADPH for the light-independent reactions.
The flow of electrons is: H2O → NADPH → Calvin cycle.
Key products include oxygen, ATP, and NADPH.

Light-Independent Reactions

Convert carbon dioxide (CO2) into usable sugars.
The main biological significance lies in turning CO2 into glucose.
Regeneration of RuBP ensures a continuous supply of glucose.
Does not release oxygen as a byproduct.

Types of Photosynthesis

C3 Plants: Exhibit photorespiration to conserve water.
C4 Plants: Fix carbon in the cytoplasm of mesophyll cells and transfer it to other cells for the Calvin cycle, enabling adaptation in lower CO2 conditions.
CAM Plants: Similar to C4 but primarily fix carbon at night.

Importance of CO2

CO2 is incorporated into organic molecules during photosynthesis.

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Visible light occurs between ultraviolet and infrared radiation in the electromagnetic spectrum.

Basic Functions

Light reactions trap light energy and convert solar energy to chemical energy.
The overall function of the Calvin cycle is to synthesize sugar.

Exam Tips

Remember key distinctions between C3, C4, and CAM plants regarding carbon fixation.
Focus on the relationship between light-dependent and light-independent reactions for comprehensive understanding.

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Description

Test your understanding of Chapter 10 in Molecular Biology with these flashcards. Questions include processes like photosynthesis and reactions that produce oxygen. Perfect for reinforcing key concepts and definitions in the chapter.