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Questions and Answers
Which artery is the larger of the two terminal branches of the ECA?
Where does the Maxillary artery pass through to reach the pterygopalatine fossa?
Which artery supplies blood to the middle meninges?
Where does the Maxillary artery originate?
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Which nerve accompanies the Maxillary artery till it reaches the lower border of the lateral pterygoid muscle?
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Through which foramen does the Maxillary artery finally pass to end as the sphenopalatine artery?
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Which artery supplies the outer surfaces of the tympanic membrane?
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Where does the inferior alveolar artery run towards before entering the mandibular foramen?
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Which artery supplies the dura and bones of the middle cranial fossa?
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Which artery emerges through the mental foramen to supply the skin of the chin?
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Which part of the skull does the Middle Meningeal Artery (MMA) pass through to enter the cranial cavity?
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Which branch of the Middle Meningeal Artery (MMA) lies over the precentral gyrus?
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Study Notes
Maxillary Artery
- Origin: Inside parotid gland behind the neck of the mandible, as the larger of the two terminal branches of the External Carotid Artery (ECA)
Course and Relation
- Divided into 3 parts by the lateral pterygoid muscle
- Passes forward between the neck of the mandible and the sphenomandibular ligament, accompanied by the auriculotemporal nerve
- Reaches the lower border of the lateral pterygoid muscle
Branches
- 1st part (MIADA)
- Middle meningeal artery
- Inferior alveolar artery
- Accessory meningeal artery
- Deep auricular artery
- Anterior tympanic artery
- 2nd part (muscular)
- 2 branches to the meninges: Middle meningeal artery, Accessory meningeal artery
- 2 branches to the ear: Deep auricular artery, Anterior tympanic artery
- 1 branch to the teeth: Inferior alveolar artery
- Branches named after muscles (2 deep temporal, pterygoid, masseteric & buccal)
- 3rd part (PIPGAS)
- Posterior superior alveolar artery
- Infraorbital artery
- Pharyngeal artery
- Greater palatine artery
- Artery of pterygoid canal
- Sphenopalatine artery (nose)
Branches Details
- Deep auricular artery
- Passes upwards and backwards to enter the external acoustic meatus
- Supplies the skin of the external acoustic meatus and the outer surfaces of the tympanic membrane
- Anterior tympanic artery
- Enters the tympanic cavity through the petrotympanic fissure
- Supplies the inner surface of the tympanic membrane
- Inferior alveolar artery
- Runs downwards behind the inferior alveolar nerve towards the mandibular foramen
- Gives off the mylohyoid branch before entering the mandibular foramen
- Supplies the molar and 1st premolar teeth with related gingiva
- Divides into the incisive branch and the mental artery
- Accessory meningeal artery
- Enters the cranial cavity through the foramen ovale with the mandibular and lesser petrosal nerves
- Supplies the dura and bones of the middle cranial fossa
- Middle meningeal artery
- Clinically the most important branch of the maxillary artery
- Ascends upwards between the two roots of the auriculotemporal nerve
- Enters the cranial cavity through the foramen spinosum with the nervus spinosus
- Divides into frontal and parietal branches
- Supplies the dura and skull bones, and gives off the superior tympanic to the middle ear
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Description
Test your knowledge on the anatomy of the maxillary artery with this quiz by Dr. Joseph Amin from Zagazig University. Learn about the origin, course, and relation of the maxillary artery as it branches from the external carotid artery.
