Max Wall Temperature in Parallel Flow
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Questions and Answers

In a parallel flow arrangement, what can be restricted?

  • Smaller temperature difference
  • Max wall temperature (correct)
  • Heat exchange surface area
  • Mean temperature difference

    • What is the main difference in mean temperature difference between parallel flow and counter-flow arrangements?

  • Mean temperature difference is not mentioned in the text
  • Mean temperature difference is the same in both arrangements
  • Mean temperature difference is higher in parallel flow
  • Mean temperature difference is higher in counter-flow (correct)

    • What is a key criteria for the selection of tube bundle configuration?

  • Lack of self-compensation
  • Max compact size (correct)
  • Increased heat exchange surface area
  • Higher thermal stresses

    • In a steam generator with a reverse scheme, where is the medium with higher pressure located?

    <p>Inside the intertubular space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a solution provided for decreasing thermal stresses in heat exchangers?

    <p>Special compensators on casing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of steam generators with a reverse scheme?

    <p>Metal intensity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What component experiences self-compensation due to tube bend in certain heat exchangers?

    <p>Heat-exchange tubes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of flow arrangement results in a higher mean temperature difference?

    <p>Counter flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a feature of the heat exchange surface of a horizontal SG of WWER-440 and 1000 mentioned in the text?

    <p>U-tubes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the location pattern in a direct scheme steam generator?

    <p>Working fluid inside tubes, heat-transfer agent in intertubular space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a challenge in steam generators with a reverse scheme that requires intensifying heat transfer?

    <p>Low flow rate in tubes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of steam generator has a typical example known as LMC SG of OPG-2 type?

    <p>Steam generators with a reverse scheme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the abbreviated term for Nuclear Power Plant?

    <p>NPP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of reactor is known as a pressurized water reactor?

    <p>PWR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the text, what does the term 'CANDU' refer to?

    <p>Pressurized heavy water cooled heavy water moderated reactor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What parameter describes the mass steam content in a BWR power unit?

    <p>$x &gt; 0.4$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the thermal power of a typical BWR power unit as mentioned in the text?

    <p>$Q = 3579$ MW</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of reactor uses coolant parameters where pressure and temperature are approximately equal to each other?

    <p>LWCGR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors specify the intensity of convective heat transfer?

    <p>Geometry of heat transfer surface, coolants’ physical parameters, flow hydrodynamics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of flow conditions do NPP steam generators operate under on the coolant side?

    <p>Two-phase flow conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a challenge related to the investigations into heat transfer and hydrodynamics of two-phase flows in NPP steam generators?

    <p>Absence of accurate computational dependences for various two-phase parameters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To ensure reliability in continuous long-term operation, what condition must be fulfilled regarding the temperatures in steam generator tube walls?

    <p>(tw)perm &gt; tw</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following steel grades has a max permissible temperature of (tm)perm?

    <p>1Х18Н10Т</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered to be thoroughly studied regarding heat transfer and hydrodynamic regularities in NPP steam generators?

    <p>Single-phase flows</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of constructional calculations for NPP steam generators?

    <p>Calculating the geometrical dimensions of main elements of the steam generator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which materials are typically used for heat-exchange surfaces in NPP steam generators?

    <p>Austenite-class alloys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the thickness of the cylindrical wall of a steam generator determined?

    <p>$2 \times φ \times [σ0.2] \times pd$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical design pressure used inside a vessel for constructional calculations in NPP steam generators?

    <p>125% of nominal value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of SG element arrangement involves separate modules like evaporator, reheater, and superheater?

    <p>Section-module type</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of choosing the diameters of tubes in NPP steam generators?

    <p>Affecting the heat transfer efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

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