10 Questions
What is the term for the process of a solid changing directly into a gas?
Sublimation
What is the characteristic of metals that allows them to be beaten into sheets?
Malleability
What is the term for the process of a gas changing into a liquid?
Condensation
What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes matter from non-matter?
Having mass and occupying space
What is the term for a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means?
Element
What happens to the molecules of a substance when it is heated?
They move away from each other and vibrate faster
What is the term for the temperature at which a liquid changes into a gas?
Boiling point
Which of the following is an example of a non-matter?
A feeling of happiness
What is the process called when a solid changes to a liquid at a particular temperature?
Melting
What is the state of matter that is characterized by molecules vibrating slower and moving closer to each other?
Solid
Study Notes
Matter and Its Properties
- Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.
- Examples of matter include stones, books, pens, bags, jewelry, water, milk, and the air we breathe.
Mass and Volume
- Mass is the amount of matter contained in a body.
- As mass increases, weight also increases.
- Volume is the space occupied by a body.
- The volume of a watermelon is larger than a cherry.
Energy
- Energy is the capacity to do work.
- Energy is not a matter and has no mass or occupation of space.
- Examples of energy include heat and light, which help in cooking food and plant photosynthesis.
States of Matter
- Matter exists in three states: solid, liquid, and gas.
- Matter can change its state when heated or cooled.
- Changes in state include melting, freezing, boiling, evaporation, and condensation.
Changes in State
- Melting: a solid changes to a liquid when heated to a particular temperature (melting point).
- Freezing: a liquid changes to a solid when cooled to a particular temperature (freezing point).
- Boiling: a liquid changes to a gas when heated to a particular temperature (boiling point).
- Evaporation: a liquid changes to a gas over a range of temperatures below its boiling point.
- Condensation: a gas changes to a liquid when cooled.
- Sublimation: a solid changes directly to a gas when heated, without going through the liquid state.
Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
- Pure substances can be classified as elements or compounds.
- Elements are pure substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.
- Examples of elements include hydrogen, oxygen, iron, copper, gold, and carbon.
- Elements are classified as metals and non-metals based on their physical and chemical properties.
- Metals have characteristic properties such as being hard solids, having metallic lustre, being malleable, ductile, and sonorous, and being good conductors of heat and electricity.
Test your understanding of matter, mass, and volume with this quiz. Learn about the properties of matter and how they relate to mass and volume.
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