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Questions and Answers
What is the primary characteristic that defines matter?
What is the state of matter in which particles are widely spaced and can move freely?
Which of the following is an example of a chemical property?
What is a characteristic of a heterogeneous mixture?
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What is an example of a compound?
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Which of the following is an example of a homogeneous mixture?
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Matter can only exist in two states: solid and liquid.
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The color of a substance is a chemical property.
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Elements are substances that consist of two or more different atoms.
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Mixtures can be separated by chemical means.
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The total mass of reactants is always less than the total mass of products in a chemical reaction.
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Compounds have properties similar to their individual elements.
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Study Notes
Matter in Our Surroundings
What is Matter?
- Anything that occupies space and has mass
- Examples: solids, liquids, gases, and plasma
Characteristics of Matter
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Physical Properties: characteristics that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of the substance
- Examples: color, odor, texture, melting point, boiling point
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Chemical Properties: characteristics that describe the way a substance reacts with other substances
- Examples: flammability, reactivity with acids
States of Matter
- Solids: particles are closely packed and have a fixed shape and volume
- Liquids: particles are close together but can move freely and take the shape of their container
- Gases: particles are widely spaced and can move freely, taking the shape and volume of their container
- Plasma: high-energy state of matter where atoms are ionized and electrons are free to move
Classification of Matter
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Elements: pure substances that consist of only one type of atom
- Examples: hydrogen, oxygen, carbon
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Compounds: pure substances that consist of two or more different elements chemically bonded together
- Examples: water (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2)
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Mixtures: physical combinations of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded
- Examples: air, soil, blood
Types of Mixtures
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Homogeneous Mixtures: uniform composition throughout
- Examples: sugar water, air
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Heterogeneous Mixtures: non-uniform composition
- Examples: soil, blood, salad
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Description
Learn about the characteristics, states, and classification of matter, including elements, compounds, and mixtures. Understand the physical and chemical properties of matter and its different types.
