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What is an extensive property and give an example?
What is an extensive property and give an example?
A property that depends on the amount of matter in a sample (e.g. mass, length, height, weight).
What is an intensive property & give an example?
What is an intensive property & give an example?
Independent of the amount of matter, it depends on the type of matter in a sample (e.g. color, density, melting point).
What is the difference between an extensive property and an intensive property?
What is the difference between an extensive property and an intensive property?
An extensive property changes when the size of the sample changes, while an intensive property does not.
What is matter?
What is matter?
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What is a pure substance?
What is a pure substance?
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What is a mixture?
What is a mixture?
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What is an element?
What is an element?
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What is a heterogeneous mixture?
What is a heterogeneous mixture?
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What is a compound?
What is a compound?
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What is a homogeneous mixture?
What is a homogeneous mixture?
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Describe particle movements in the three states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas.
Describe particle movements in the three states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas.
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Describe physical properties of matter.
Describe physical properties of matter.
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Describe chemical properties of matter.
Describe chemical properties of matter.
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Describe the difference between a physical property of matter and a chemical property.
Describe the difference between a physical property of matter and a chemical property.
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Boiling point is a physical property.
Boiling point is a physical property.
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Combustibility is a physical property.
Combustibility is a physical property.
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Solubility is a chemical property.
Solubility is a chemical property.
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Color is a physical property.
Color is a physical property.
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Ductility is a chemical property.
Ductility is a chemical property.
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What is ductility?
What is ductility?
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Describe a physical change.
Describe a physical change.
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Study Notes
Properties of Matter
- Extensive Property: Depends on the amount of matter in a sample; examples include mass, length, height, and weight.
- Intensive Property: Independent of the sample size; it depends on the type of matter and includes properties like color, density, and melting point.
- Difference: Extensive properties change with sample size; intensive properties remain constant regardless of sample size.
Definition of Matter
- Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. It includes both pure substances and mixtures.
Pure Substances and Mixtures
- Pure Substance: Matter with a definite and consistent composition, can be an element or a compound.
- Mixture: Composed of two or more substances physically blended together; can be heterogeneous (not uniform) or homogeneous (uniform).
Types of Mixtures
- Heterogeneous Mixture: Components are not evenly distributed; example includes pizza.
- Homogeneous Mixture: Uniform composition; examples include soft drinks like soda and Kool-Aid.
Elements and Compounds
- Element: The simplest form of matter with unique properties; examples are Lithium and Boron.
- Compound: A substance formed from chemical bonds between two or more elements, such as NaCl and HCl.
States of Matter
- Solid: Tightly packed particles, definite shape and volume, incompressible.
- Liquid: Packed particles that can slide past each other, definite volume, indefinite shape, incompressible.
- Gas: Particles in constant motion, no definite shape or volume, easily compressed.
Properties of Matter
- Physical Property: Observable characteristics related to the five senses; examples include the different appearances of water and ice.
- Chemical Property: Describes how matter reacts; once a chemical change occurs, it typically cannot be reversed (e.g., rusting).
Differences Between Physical and Chemical Properties
- Physical Properties: Do not change the nature of matter; changes are often reversible (e.g., boiling point, solubility).
- Chemical Properties: Change the nature of a substance; involve irreversible changes (e.g., rusting, burning).
Identifying Properties
- Boiling Point: Physical property.
- Combustibility: Chemical property.
- Solubility: Physical property.
- Color: Physical property.
- Ductility: Physical property.
Ductility
- Defined as the ability of a material to deform under stress without breaking; allows materials to be drawn into wires. Materials that exhibit high ductility include gold, copper, aluminum, and steel.
Changes in Matter
- Physical Change: Alters matter but does not result in new substances, often reversible.
- Chemical Change: Results in new substances and is typically irreversible.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Test your understanding of chapter 3 on matter with these flashcards. Learn about extensive and intensive properties of matter along with examples. This quiz will help reinforce key concepts necessary for mastering the topic.
