Matter and Particles

Matter

• Anything that occupies space and has mass is called matter.
• Matter can exist in three states: solid, liquid, and gas.
• Matter is made up of tiny particles called molecules.

Particles

• Particles are the building blocks of matter.
• There are three types of particles:
  1. Atoms: The smallest unit of an element, consisting of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
  2. Molecules: A group of two or more atoms chemically bonded together.
  3. Ions: Atoms or groups of atoms with an electric charge.

Elements

• An element is a substance that consists of only one type of atom.
• Elements are represented by symbols, such as H for hydrogen and C for carbon.
• There are 118 known elements, and they are organized in the periodic table.

Compounds

• A compound is a substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more different elements.
• Compounds have properties different from their constituent elements.
• Examples of compounds include water (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), and sugar (C6H12O6).

Mixtures

• A mixture is a blend of two or more substances, which can be separated by physical means.
• Mixtures can be homogeneous (uniform composition) or heterogeneous (non-uniform composition).
• Examples of mixtures include air (a mixture of gases), soil (a mixture of minerals and organic matter), and blood (a mixture of water, salts, and cells).

Matter

• Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass.
• Matter can exist in three states: solid, liquid, and gas.
• Matter is composed of tiny particles called molecules.

Particles

• Particles are the building blocks of matter.
• There are three types of particles:
• Atoms: The smallest unit of an element, consisting of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
• Molecules: A group of two or more atoms chemically bonded together.
• Ions: Atoms or groups of atoms with an electric charge.

Elements

• An element is a substance consisting of only one type of atom.
• Elements are represented by unique symbols, such as H for hydrogen and C for carbon.
• There are 118 known elements, organized in the periodic table.

Compounds

• A compound is a substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more different elements.
• Compounds have properties different from their constituent elements.
• Examples of compounds include water (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), and sugar (C6H12O6).

Mixtures

• A mixture is a blend of two or more substances that can be separated by physical means.
• Mixtures can be homogeneous (uniform composition) or heterogeneous (non-uniform composition).
• Examples of mixtures include air (a mixture of gases), soil (a mixture of minerals and organic matter), and blood (a mixture of water, salts, and cells).

Learn about the basics of matter, its states, and the building blocks of matter, including atoms, molecules, and ions.