Matter and Its Properties Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is the best definition of matter?

Anything that has mass and volume. (correct)

Anything that has mass.

Anything that has volume.

Any substance made of particles

According to the Particle Theory of Matter, particles of a substance move slower as the temperature increases?

False

What is the formula for density?

Density = Mass/Volume

The change of state from a solid to a liquid is called ______.

melting Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their corresponding definitions:

Sublimation = Solid to Gas Condensation = Gas to Liquid Freezing = Liquid to Solid Evaporation = Liquid to Gas Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a property of gas?

Has a fixed shape Signup and view all the answers

Mixtures are substances that are chemically combined.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between a homogeneous and heterogeneous mixture?

In a heterogeneous mixture, you can distinguish between the different types of matter, whereas, in a homogeneous mixture, the composition is uniform Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a heterogeneous mixture?

Mixed nuts Signup and view all the answers

A solution is a heterogeneous mixture.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a substance that is attracted to water?

hydrophilic Signup and view all the answers

The ability of a substance to be hammered into a thinner sheet or mold is called ______.

malleability Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their descriptions:

Viscosity = Ability of a substance to resist flow Ductility = Ability of a substance to be drawn into a fine strand Solubility = Ability to dissolve Brittleness = Ability to break or shatter easily Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a physical change?

Melting an ice cube Signup and view all the answers

A change in color is always an indication of a chemical change.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating density?

Density = Mass/Volume Signup and view all the answers

A cloudy mixture, which can be separated through filter paper is a ______.

suspension Signup and view all the answers

What type of mixture is characterized by tiny particles of one substance scattered through another, with particle sizes smaller than those in a suspension?

Colloid Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Matter and its Properties

Matter: Anything with mass and volume.
Mass: The amount of matter, measured in kg or g.
Volume: The space an object occupies, measured in L or mL.
Density: Mass divided by volume.
Particle Theory of Matter: Matter is composed of tiny particles with empty spaces between them. These particles are in constant, random motion, and their speed/separation increases with temperature. Particles also attract each other. Different substances have different types of particles.

States of Matter

Solids: Definite shape, atoms closely packed and regularly arranged, less movement. Expand minimally with heat, and are difficult to compress.
Liquids: Flow, take shape of container, molecules randomly oriented, expand slightly with heat, compress slightly under pressure.
Gases: Very low density, occupy all the space of the container, expand freely, compress easily, molecules are widely spaced.
Plasma: Similar to gas, but atoms lose electrons, forming ions. Low density and no fixed shape or volume.
Phase Changes:
Sublimation: Solid to gas.
Deposition: Gas to solid.
Condensation: Gas to liquid.
Evaporation: Liquid to gas.
Melting: Solid to liquid.
Freezing: Liquid to solid.

Pure Substances vs. Mixtures

Pure Substance: Made of only one type of particle (element or compound), uniform composition.
Element: Cannot be broken down.
Compound: Made of two or more elements chemically combined.
Mixture: Made of two or more different substances not chemically combined.
Heterogeneous Mixture: Different parts are visible.
Mechanical Mixture: Distinct parts, e.g., mixed nuts.
Suspension: Cloudy mixture; particles of one substance suspended in another (e.g., tomato juice), separable by filtration.
Homogeneous Mixture: Uniform throughout; one substance dissolved in another (e.g., salt water), cannot visually distinguish different components
Solution: One substance dissolves another (e.g., salt water, clear apple juice).
Colloid: Tiny particles dispersed throughout another substance, smaller than in a suspension (e.g., butter, cream).
Alloy: Solid solution of two or more metals.

Unusual Behaviour of Water

Density: Solid water is less dense than liquid water. Ice floats.

Physical Properties

Physical Properties: Characteristics determined without changing the substance's composition. Commonly observed using the five senses.
Optical Clarity: The ability to allow light through
Transparent: Light passes through completely.
Translucent: Some light passes through.
Opaque: No light passes through.
Brittleness: Breaks or shatters easily.
Flexibility: Ability to bend.
Viscosity: Resistance to flow.
Solubility: Ability to dissolve.
Hardness: Resistance to scratching (measured on a scale).
Malleability: Ability to be hammered into shapes.
Ductility: Ability to be drawn into wires.
Electrical Conductivity: Ability to conduct electricity.
Cohesive: Attraction between particles of the same substance.
Adhesive: Attraction between particles of different substances.
Hydrophobic: Water-repelling.
Hydrophilic: Water-attracting.
Melting/Freezing point: Of water specifically.

Physical and Chemical Changes

Physical Change: A change in appearance or state without changing the composition. No new substances are formed.
Chemical Change: A change that results in a new substance forming. (Chemical properties are observed).

Chemical Properties (examples)

Flammability: Ability to burn (chemical property)
Combustibility: Ability to burn/produce heat (chemical property)
Toxicity: Degree of harmfulness.
Corrosivity: Ability to corrode / break down.
Reactivity: Ability to react with other substances.

Chemical Change (examples)

Iron rusting
Burning wood
Cooking an egg
Baking a cake
Rotting banana
Fireworks

Evidence of a Chemical Change

Color change
Odor change
Gas production (bubbles)
Temperature or light change (endothermic/exothermic)

Density Formulas

Density = Mass/Volume
Volume = Mass/Density
Mass = Volume x Density

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Description

Test your understanding of the properties of matter, including mass, volume, and density. Explore different states of matter such as solids, liquids, gases, and plasma, along with the particle theory. This quiz will assess your knowledge on the fundamental concepts of matter.